Conference Publications

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14170/208

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Browsing Conference Publications by Department "Universiti Malaysia Perlis"
  • Publication
    5.8 GHz circular polarized microstrip feeding antenna for solar panel application
    (IOP Publishing, 2020)
    Mohd Aminudin Jamlos
    ;
    Maswani Khairi
    ;
    Sharifah Nur Ariffah
    ;
    Atiqah Muhammad
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Syed Zulkarnain Syed Idrus
    Circular polarized microstrip antenna have been proposed to establish connection among distributed solar farms. The base station antenna of each solar farm permits more precise on the targeting the radio signal and usually is placed at the open area or at a height place so that the radio waves to be transmitted will not be interrupted. For this paper, circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna (CPMSA) is designs and being reviewed. The patch antenna is based on low-cost, but lossy, and the substrate is made of Rogers RT 5880 (lossy). It consists of a rectangular radiator patch, which is fed by microstrip transmission line. In order to realized circularly polarized antenna, the patch has undergone some design modification to achieve circular rotation. Some technique is proposed to achieve CP antenna. The results indicate that the antenna that uses micro strip feed line technique yields 8.55 dB directive gain, return loss and axial ratio at -24.4 dB and 2.05 dB respectivel. The resonance frequency of 5.8 GHz is being selected since it is suitable used for point to point communication among distributed solar farms that located far from each others.
      2  17
  • Publication
    A cloud-based automated parking system for smart campus
    (IOP Publishing, 2020)
    O C Yee
    ;
    Naimah Yaakob
    ;
    Mohamed Elshaikh Elobaid Said Ahmed
    ;
    F Azahar
    Finding a vacant parking space is becoming a real problem especially in areas with limited parking spots such as airports, shopping centres, offices, as well as universities. Searching for available parking slots is normally time consuming and always results in frustration especially when time is the major constraints. Moreover, vacant parking is hard to be noticed due to unsystematic parking system. This will result in longer searching time which can also lead to traffic congestion. In addition, lack of security enforcement on cars entering universities campus is also one of the main issues contributing to insufficient parking spaces. This might cause some unauthorized cars to take opportunity to get inside the campus without any approval and consent from security department. Therefore, A Cloud-based Automated Parking System for Smart Campus is developed in this project. It consists of a sub-system that is developed to display availability number of parking slots so that it will assist authorize users to easily find their parking spots. The proposed system can also recognize car plate number through Automated Car Plate Recognition (ACPR) mechanism which is located at the campus main entrance gate to avoid unauthorized cars from getting in. This has strengthened security level inside campus and ensure the safety of students and staffs. All the information collected are sent into the cloud and stored inside a database system. The information regarding vacant parking can also be displayed using the developed mobile apps.
      8  3
  • Publication
    A flexible wearable linear-to-circular polarizer for GNSS application
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2020)
    Hidayath Mirza
    ;
    Ping Jack Soh
    ;
    Rais Ahmad Sheikh
    ;
    Azremi Abdullah Al-Hadi
    ;
    Toufiq M Hossain
    ;
    Sen Yan
    This paper presents a single-layered fabric-based flexible linear-to-circular polarizer for GNSS application operating at 1.575 GHz. The structure presented here is based on a square aperture with an E-shaped patch structure on the reverse side. The size of the structure is 0. 21λ0 ×0. 26λ0 × 0. 01λ0 The complete structure is flexible, and the frequency of operation is centered at 1.575 GHz, with a minimum value of the axial ratio achieved is 0.06 dB. The 3 dB axial ratio fractional bandwidth is 3.81% (1.54-1.60 GHz) and the conversion efficiency fractional bandwidth covering 90% is 5.09% (1.53 to 1.61 GHz).
  • Publication
    A Fuzzy-Based Angle-of-Arrival Estimation System (AES) using Radiation Pattern Reconfigurable (RPR) antenna and modified gaussian membership function
    ( 2019)
    Mohd Ilman Jais
    ;
    Thennarasan Sabapathy
    ;
    Muzammil Jusoh
    ;
    R. Badlishah, Ahmad
    ;
    Mohd Haizal Jamaluddin
    ;
    Muhammad Ramlee Kamarudin
    ;
    Phak Len Al Eh Kan
    ;
    L. Murukesan Loganathan
    ;
    Soh Ping Jack
    Angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimation is an important factor in various wireless sensing applications, especially localization systems. This paper proposes a new type of AOA estimation sensor node, known as AOA-estimation system (AES) where the received signal strength indication (RSSI) from multiple radiation pattern reconfigurable (RPR) antennas are used to calculate the AOA. In the proposed framework, three sets of RPR antennas have been used to provide a coverage of 15 regions of radiation patterns at different angles. The salient feature of this RPR-based AOA estimation is the use of Fuzzy Inferences System (FIS) to further enhance the number of estimation points. The introduction of a modified FIS membership function (MF) based on Gaussian function resulted in an improved 85% FIS aggregation percentage between the fuzzy input and output. This later resulted in a low AOA error (of less than 5%) and root-mean- square error (of less than 8◦ ).
      1  26
  • Publication
    A novel double Co-Transformation for a simple and memory efficient logarithmic number system
    ( 2020)
    M. S. S. M. Basir
    ;
    Rizalafande Che Ismail
    ;
    Mohd Nazrin Md Isa
    To date, co-transformation architecture is typically used in resolving the singularity issue in the logarithmic number system (LNS). The co-transformation was first introduced by Coleman, by using a rule of sign(r 1 ) ≠ sign(r 2 ) which translate the singularity into an argument that can be stored in two identical look-up tables (LUTs) with size of 2k. Recently, a portable 32-bit chipset preferred a small LUT, hitherto a co-transformation architecture is rearranged. This paper presents a novel double co-transformation, by means of first-order co-transformation architecture that covers -0.5 <; r <; 0 region is extended to r > -1 to replace the triumvirate F, D and E tables occupy by the interpolator. The accuracy settings at the co-transformation is compromised with the worst case error of 0.5 ulp. The outcome revealed a double co-transformation with Lagrange interpolator shows a decline in the total bit by 13% compared to European Logarithmic Microprocessor (ELM). With a simple architecture, the proposed double co-transformation is a promise for a fast LNS system.
      1  28
  • Publication
    A proposed framework for improving the detection and classification of Ki67 expression in Astrocytoma histopathological images
    (IEEE, 2024-03)
    Fahmi Akmal Dzulkifli
    ;
    Mohd Yusoff Mashor
    ;
    Rafikha Aliana A Raof
    ;
    Hasnan Jaafar
    Detecting and classifying the Ki67 expression is a challenging process. The inconsistency in staining intensity and the variations in image quality are the main factors that may reduce the performance of an automated system. Therefore, this study proposes a framework that objectively improves detecting and classifying Ki67 expression in astrocytoma histopathological images. The proposed framework began with implementing the double stain normalization procedure to reduce the colour-staining intensity variations. Then, the system automatically enhanced the morphological features of the Ki67 expression. The following step was to segment the enhanced images by using the U-Net network model. The last step of the proposed framework was to localize and classify the Ki67 expression based on the modified YOLOv3 model. In conclusion, the proposed YOLOv3 model produced a high detection result with a mean average precision of 0.80 for detecting Ki67-positive cells and 0.87 for detecting Ki67-negative cells.
  • Publication
    A Real-Time distance prediction via deep learning and microsoft kinect
    ( 2022)
    Hwee Sheng Tham
    ;
    Razaidi Hussin
    ;
    Rizalafande Che Ismail
    3D(Dimension) understanding has become the herald of computer vision and graphics research in the era of technology. It benefits many applications such as autonomous cars, robotics, and medical image processing. The pros and cons of 3D detection bring convenience to the human community instead of 2D detection. The 3D detection consists of RGB (Red, Green and Blue) colour images and depth images which are able to perform better than 2D in real. The current technology is relying on the high costing light detection and ranging (LiDAR). However, the use of Microsoft Kinect has replaced the LiDAR systems for 3D detection gradually. In this project, a Kinect camera is used to extract the depth of image information. From the depth images, the distance can be defined easily. As in the colour scale, the red colour is the nearest and the blue colour is the farthest. The depth image will turn black when reaching the limitation of the Kinect camera measuring range. The depth information collected will be trained with deep learning architecture to perform a real-time distance prediction.
      2  25
  • Publication
    A review of oil palm fruit ripeness monitoring using microwave techniques in Malaysia
    (IOP Publishing, 2020)
    K Y You
    ;
    Wee Fwen Hoon
    ;
    Y S Lee
    ;
    Z Abbas
    ;
    K Y Lee
    ;
    Cheng Ee Meng
    ;
    C S Khe
    ;
    Mohd Faizal Jamlos
    Palm oil products are one of the most important sources of economic and export products in Malaysia. Furthermore, now, the evolution of industry 4.0 has begun to take place globally. The development of sensors has played a role in this evolution. In this paper, various microwave sensors used in oil palm monitoring are reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of each microwave sensor are discussed in detail. However, conventional and optical monitoring methods are also briefly described.
      1  15
  • Publication
    A review of optimization algorithms in SVM parameters
    (AIP Publishing, 2023)
    Hussein Ibrahim Hussein
    ;
    Said Amirul Anwar Ab Hamid@Ab Majid
    The SVM is a widely known machine learning, which is very useful for regression applications and pattern classification. These machines have been used successfully in several domains to address numerous real-world challenges. In this context, parameter optimisation for an SVM is a widely researched topic, which has attracted attention from several research domains. Algorithms facilitating optimisation have been of greater interest compared to other algorithms. Algorithmic approaches allow the optimal parameters for an SVM to be determined, after which the model can be adapted for several other applications. During the last two decades, several enhancements have been brought about to facilitate better optimisation of SVM models to offer enhanced performance. This paper focuses on the several algorithms currently employed to optimise support vector machines in their basic and modified forms. This paper comprises a comprehensive analysis of algorithms and aims to ascertain the present challenges relating to algorithms used for SVM parameter optimisation. This study cannot evaluate all the details; however, the significant theoretical aspects are covered using references to existing literature.
      7  2
  • Publication
    A Study on the effectiveness of atmospheric air plasma in sterilization on indium tin oxide
    (Springer, 2024-12)
    Siti Khadijah Za'aba
    ;
    Mohammad Taufiq Mustaffa
    ;
    Nurzahira Ahmad Zabidi
    Atmospheric air plasma is a cold plasma and its application is enhanced nowadays as an alternative to a sterile surface that cannot withstand high temperatures and chemical material. For instance, the consumption of smartphones among health workers in hospitals was said to be a cause that can spread pathogens to patients widely in the wards. Moreover, the smartphone consists of components that are sensitive to high temperatures and chemical materials that would give corrosion effects. The aims are to investigate the surface changes of indium tin oxide (ITO) after exposure to air plasma and to investigate the effectiveness of atmospheric air plasma by inactivating Escherichia coli (E-coli). The morphological test was conducted to study the surface changes of ITO using SEM. The microbiological test was conducted to examine the validity of the atmospheric air plasma in inactivating E-coli. The result revealed that 24V, 1L/min, 1.0mm copper thickness was capable of inactivating E-coli within 30 s without changing the ITO surface. However, more studies still need to be conducted in the future work for improving and get an accurate result in air plasma set-up for sterilization.
  • Publication
    A switchless pentagon-shaped reconfigurable antenna for radar applications
    (IOP Publishing, 2020)
    Norfatihah Bahari
    ;
    Rashidah Che Yob
    ;
    Liyana Zahid
    This paper proposes a switchless pentagon-shaped microstrip patch antenna for radar and radionavigation applications. The antenna is built on Rogers RT5880 substrate with five rectangular radiating elements on top. Five ports have been set up to operate at 13.5 GHz resonant frequency. Besides having reflection coefficient below -10 dB, the antenna also offers high gain when about 8.29 dB is achieved. The proposed antenna also has a bi-directional radiation pattern with 360° of beam steering.
      3  24
  • Publication
    A wideband wearable antenna using inverse partial ground designed using characteristic mode analysis
    (IEEE, 2020)
    Bashar Bahaa Qas Elias
    ;
    Ping Jack Soh
    ;
    Azremi Abdullah Al-Hadi
    ;
    Saidatul Norlyana Azemi
    The design of a wearable wideband textile antenna based on a loop structure and fed using a coplanar waveguide line is proposed in this work. Characteristic mode analysis is used to first estimate the radiating modes on the structure. This is to ensure that the optimal mode significance is chosen. Analysis of modal significance enabled the first four modes to be identified from the structure. In this paper, the antenna is proposed to designed with an inverse partial ground (IPG) to enhance the bandwidth. It is shown that this IPG method improved impedance bandwidth to 1560 MHz (60.57%), indicating a bandwidth broadening of about 370 MHz (11.61%). A compact size of 70×70 mm2(0.57 × 0.57 ?g) is also maintained, with a realized gain of 4.23 dBi. Finally, the proposed antenna is fabricated and measured to validate the analysis experimentally, indicating a good agreement with simulations.
      3  11
  • Publication
    An Analysis of Interpolation Implementation for LNS Addition and Subtraction Function in Positive Region
    ( 2016)
    Siti Zarina Md Naziri
    ;
    Rizalafande Che Ismail
    ;
    Ali Yeon Md Shakaff
    Interpolation is among of the most popular approach used in approximating the values in logarithmic number system (LNS) arithmetic design. This method that often combines with lookup tables (LUTs) manages to produce efficient LNS design in area, latency and accuracy. Current research proves that the combination of interpolators with co-transformation in LNS subtraction had shown extreme improvements in terms of speed and area, which is comparable to floating point (FLP) performance. Taking the advantage, this research had been conducted to analyze the implementation of these three interpolators, which are Taylor, Lagrange and modified Lagrange, in a 32-bit environment of the LNS addition and subtraction procedures with the first-order co-transformation in positive region. The designs were analyzed in two categories, which are the accuracy towards FLP and the total memory consumption. The best interpolator was selected based on the most optimum area consumption design with manageable accuracy in FLP limit. The outcome of this analysis could benefit further improvements in LNS design.
  • Publication
    An Investigation of Extended Co-Transformation using Second-Degree Interpolation for Logarithmic Number System
    ( 2020)
    M. S. S. M. Basir
    ;
    Rizalafande Che Ismail
    ;
    Siti Zarina Md Naziri
    This paper addresses the proposal of improved logarithmic number system (LNS) with extended co-transformation and memory efficient second-degree Newton interpolator. Since the current interpolation with extension requires 4 look-up tables (LUTs), improvement is proposed to achieve requirement by employing only 3 LUTs with small silicon area. It was found that with the proposed extended co-transformation, a set of interpolation LUT that covered region-1 < r <-0.5 could be eliminated. Results from GNU simulator indicated that the maximum error for the proposed Newton interpolation was 9% lower compared to other current interpolators, although the total memory was unsatisfactory. An Implementation shows an efficient memory for a new LNS system, hence benefited for a dynamic real-time computation
      14  1
  • Publication
    An ultrawideband full flexible 4 elements DGS based MIMO antenna for Sub-6 GHz wearable applications
    (IEEE, 2024-03)
    Bikash Chandra Sahoo
    ;
    Azremi Abdullah Al-Hadi
    ;
    Saidatul Norlyana Azemi
    ;
    Surentiran Padmanathan
    ;
    Sadia Afroz
    ;
    Wee Fwen Hoon
    ;
    Soh Ping Jack
    ;
    Che Muhammad Nor Che Isa
    ;
    Soumya Ranjan Mishra
    In this article, a compact wearable quad element MIMO antenna is presented operating at 4.5 GHz for 5G n77, n78, and n79 bands with the use of polyester substrate with a size of 80 × 82 × 0.4 mm3. Here T-shaped defected ground structure (DGS) technique has been utilized to improve the impedance bandwidth along with the reduction of the mutual coupling between the radiating elements. The antenna is evaluated in terms of reflection coefficient, gain, efficiency, and radiation pattern. The proposed MIMO antenna attained a maximum simulated gain of 4.3 dBi, and an efficiency of 96 % in the resonating band.
  • Publication
    Analysis of FXP adders and multipliers for speed- and area-efficient LNS arithmetic unit
    ( 2014)
    Rizalafande Che Ismail
    ;
    Siti Zarina Md Naziri
    ;
    Sohiful Anuar Zainol Murad
    ;
    J. N. Coleman
    This paper portrays the selection of hardware unit architectures to be implemented in the new LNS based on a 32bit system. The implementations of the LNS multiply and divide only require a FXP adder, while the LNS addition and subtraction function comprised of several memories, FXP adders and multipliers together with other supporting logics. Thus, in choosing the best FXP adders and multipliers, each of the arithmetic is functionally verified and synthesised using Synopsys Design Compiler in Faraday 0.18 μm CMOS technology based on a 32-bit system. Two types of performance measurement, which are the worst-case delay and the silicon area, are chosen as the evaluation arguments. From conducted analytical studies, the CLA/CSLA adder and Booth recoded with Wallace tree multiplier were the best FXP adder and multiplier blocks to be applied in the system since they were the fastest designs. Using these blocks, the synthesis of the LNS system produced an approximately 7.10 ns of critical delay for addition and subtraction, and solely 1.16 ns for multiplication and division. The total area for a complete LNS architecture was 599,871 μm2, in which 65% the size of previously designed LNS architecture of ELM. © 2014 IEEE.
      26  2