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Publication

A novel disposable biosensor based on SiNWs/AuNPs modified-screen printed electrode for dengue virus DNA oligomer detection

( 2015)

Jahwarhar Izuan Abd Rashid

;

Nor Azah Yusof

;

Jaafar Abdullah

;

Uda Hashim

;

Reza Hajian

In this paper, a disposable screen-printed gold electrode (SPGE) utilized of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) and gold nanoparticles as sensing material was fabricated for detection of DNA oligomers related to dengue virus. First, SiNWs/AuNPs-SPGE was developed by the dispersion of SiNWs in 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (0.5%) onto bare SPGE. Second, the AuNPs decoration on SiNWs-SPGE surface was functionalized using dithiopropionic acid through a self-assembly monolayer technique. The electrochemical response of methylene blue (MB) as a redox indicator toward synthetic DNA oligomer after hybridization on SiNWs/AuNPs-SPGE was recorded by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry techniques. The results demonstrated that the reduction peak current of MB was significantly decreased after DNA hybridization process. In addition, the developed biosensor showed a good storage stability and could achieve a linear range of 1 × 10−11 − 1 × 10−7 M (R = 0.98) with the detection limit of 1.63 × 10−12 M.

3 9

Publication

A portable automatic endpoint detection system for amplicons of loop mediated isothermal amplification on microfluidic compact disk platform

( 2015)

Shah Uddin

;

Fatimah Ibrahim

;

Abkar Sayad

;

Aung Thiha

;

Koh Pei

;

Mas Mohktar

;

Uda Hashim

;

Jongman Cho

;

Kwai Thong

In recent years, many improvements have been made in foodborne pathogen detection methods to reduce the impact of food contamination. Several rapid methods have been developed with biosensor devices to improve the way of performing pathogen detection. This paper presents an automated endpoint detection system for amplicons generated by loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) on a microfluidic compact disk platform. The developed detection system utilizes a monochromatic ultraviolet (UV) emitter for excitation of fluorescent labeled LAMP amplicons and a color sensor to detect the emitted florescence from target. Then it processes the sensor output and displays the detection results on liquid crystal display (LCD). The sensitivity test has been performed with detection limit up to 2.5 × 10−3 ng/µL with different DNA concentrations of Salmonella bacteria. This system allows a rapid and automatic endpoint detection which could lead to the development of a point-of-care diagnosis device for foodborne pathogens detection in a resource-limited environment.

4 42

Publication

A potentiometric indirect uric acid sensor based on ZnO nanoflakes and immobilized uricase

( 2012)

Syed M. Usman Ali

;

Zafar Hussain Ibupoto

;

Muhammad Kashif

;

Uda Hashim

;

Magnus Willander

In the present work zinc oxide nanoflakes (ZnO-NF) structures with a wall thickness around 50 to 100 nm were synthesized on a gold coated glass substrate using a low temperature hydrothermal method. The enzyme uricase was electrostatically immobilized in conjunction with Nafion membrane on the surface of well oriented ZnO-NFs, resulting in a sensitive, selective, stable and reproducible uric acid sensor. The electrochemical response of the ZnO-NF-based sensor vs. a Ag/AgCl reference electrode was found to be linear over a relatively wide logarithmic concentration range (500 nM to 1.5 mM). In addition, the ZnO-NF structures demonstrate vast surface area that allow high enzyme loading which results provided a higher sensitivity. The proposed ZnO-NF array-based sensor exhibited a high sensitivity of ~66 mV/ decade in test electrolyte solutions of uric acid, with fast response time. The sensor response was unaffected by normal concentrations of common interferents such as ascorbic acid, glucose, and urea

1 8

Publication

Automated, high-throughput DNA extraction protocol for disposable label free, microfluidics integrating DNA biosensor for oil palm pathogen, Ganoderma boninense

( 2020-05-01)

Adilah Ayoib

;

Uda Hashim

;

Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath

Basal Stem Rot and Upper Stem Rot diseases caused by pathogenic fungus Ganoderma boninense continue to be a major plight in the palm oil industry. Despite continuous research in combating the problem, resolution remains stagnant. Here, developed an automated, high-throughput DNA extraction protocol on microfluidics device for a quick, disposable, label-free detection, within 2 h of assessment. Microfluidics was designed using AutoCAD software, fabricated on microscopic glass substrate using negative photoresist (SU-8 2015) and molded with a biopolymer silicone, Polydimethylsiloxane. G. boninense and unknown pathogenic fungus isolated from rotten mushroom were grown and fractions of extracted DNA were pooled and analyzed for comparison along with synthetic ssDNA of G. boninense. Results from LPM and HPM show successful fabrication with ≤0.1 mm variance between the dimensions in the design before and after lithography process. The PDMS microfluidics show no leakage when run with DNA samples. Analyses from I-V measurement, UV–vis, FTIR, and PCR show comparable results between extracted and synthetic ssDNA of G. boninense and a contrast with the unknown pathogenic fungus, indicating a successful DNA extraction protocol via microfluidics for label-free identification of G. boninense. Optimization of DNA extraction can be further devised for applicability on lab-on-a-chip devices.

2 2

Publication

Comparative reliability studies and analysis of Au, Pd-Coated Cu and Pd-Doped Cu Wire in microelectronics packaging

( 2013)

Gan Chong Leong

;

Uda Hashim

;

Vipul Bansal

This paper compares and discusses the wearout reliability and analysis of Gold (Au), Palladium (Pd) coated Cu and Pd-doped Cu wires used in fineline Ball Grid Array (BGA) package. Intermetallic compound (IMC) thickness measurement has been carried out to estimate the coefficient of diffusion (D o ) under various aging conditions of different bonding wires. Wire pull and ball bond shear strengths have been analyzed and we found smaller variation in Pd-doped Cu wire compared to Au and Pd-doped Cu wire. Au bonds were identified to have faster IMC formation, compared to slower IMC growth of Cu. The obtained weibull slope, b of three bonding wires are greater than 1.0 and belong to wearout reliability data point. Pd-doped Cu wire exhibits larger time-to-failure and cycles-to-failure in both wearout reliability tests in Highly Accelerated Temperature and Humidity (HAST) and Temperature Cycling (TC) tests. This proves Pd-doped Cu wire has a greater potential and higher reliability margin compared to Au and Pd-coated Cu wires.

3 7

Publication

Conductometric immunosensor for specific Escherichia coli O157:H7 detection on chemically funcationalizaed interdigitated aptasensor

( 2024)

Muhammad Nur Afnan Uda

;

Alaa Kamal Yousif Dafhalla

;

Thikra S. Dhahi

;

Tijjani Adam

;

Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath

;

Asral Bahari ambek

;

Muhammad Nur Aiman Uda

;

Nor Azizah Parmin

;

Nur Hulwani Ibrahim

;

Uda Hashim

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a strain of Escherichia coli known for causing foodborne illness through the consumption of contaminated or raw food. To detect this pathogen, a conductometric immunosensor was developed using a conductometric sensing approach. The sensor was con-structed on an interdigitated electrode and modified with a monoclonal anti-Escherichia coli O157: H7 aptamer. A total of 200 electrode pairs were fabricated and modified to bind to the target molecule replica. The binding replica, acting as the bio-recognizer, was linked to the electrode surface using 3-Aminopropyl triethoxysilane. The sensor exhibited excellent performance, detecting Escherichia coli O157:H7 in a short time frame and demonstrating a wide detection range of 1 fM to 1 nM. Concentrations of Escherichia coli O157:H7 were detected within this range, with a minimum detection limit of 1 fM. This innovative sensor offers simplicity, speed, high sensitivity, selectivity, and the potential for rapid sample processing. The potential of this pro-posed biosensor is particularly beneficial in applications such as drug screening, environmental monitoring, and disease diagnosis, where real-time information on biomolecular interactions is crucial for timely decision-making and where cross-reactivity or interference may compromise the accuracy of the analysis.

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Publication

Easy extraction of Ganoderma boninense liquid sample using portable on‐chip device

( 2024)

Adella Josephin

;

Yudan Whulanza

;

Siti Fauziyah Rahman

;

Kenny Lischer

;

Muhammad Imam Surya

;

Irfan Martiansyah

;

Wiguna Rahman

;

Uda Hashim

Detecting Ganoderma boninense in Indonesia is crucial for effectively controlling and mitigating the spread of basal stem disease in oil palm fields. While there is ongoing development of tolerant plants, no such plant has been successfully created yet. Consequently, researchers are actively studying detection methods for Ganoderma boninense. One established and highly accurate approach is the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques for molecular detection. However, this method requires time‐consuming sample preparation, which can pose challenges in plantation settings. To address this problem, a portable lab‐on‐chip device has been introduced. This technology enables easy and automatic DNA retrieval from liquid samples by absorbing lysed DNA using magnetic beads. An efficient mechanism for manipulating the magnetic bead within the semiconductor has been successfully implemented. The extraction process typically takes around 15 minutes using a modified methodology on the chip device approach. The chip facilitates the retrieval of two samples with a capacity of 120 µL for each sample. The PCR method was utilized to validate the equivalence of the lab‐on‐chip device extraction to the standard extraction method. This represents a promising alternative for expedited and simplified detection of Ganoderma boninense in field conditions.

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Publication

Effect of manganese content on the fabrication of porous anodic alumina

( 2012)

Voon Chun Hong

;

M. N. Derman

;

Uda Hashim

The influence of manganese content on the formation of well-ordered porous anodic alumina was studied. Porous anodic alumina has been produced on aluminium substrate of different manganese content by single-step anodizing at 50 V in 0.3 M oxalic acid at 15°C for 60 minutes. The well-ordered pore and cell structure was revealed by subjecting the porous anodic alumina to oxide dissolution treatment in a mixture of chromic acid and phosphoric acid. It was found that the manganese content above 1 wt% impaired the regularity of the cell and pore structure significantly, which can be attributed to the presence of secondary phases in the starting material with manganese content above 1 wt%. The pore diameter and interpore distance decreased with the addition of manganese into the substrates. The time variation of current density and the thickness of porous anodic alumina also decreased as a function of the manganese content in the substrates.

9 10

Publication

Effect of temperature of oxalic acid on the fabrication of porous anodic alumina from A1-Mn alloys

( 2013-04-12)

Voon Chun Hong

;

Mohd Nazree Derman

;

Uda Hashim

;

K. R. Ahmad

;

Foo Kai Loong

The influence of temperature of oxalic acid on the formation of well-ordered porous anodic alumina on Al-0.5 wt% Mn alloys was studied. Porous anodic alumina has been produced on Al-0.5 wt% Mn substrate by single-step anodising at 50 V in 0.5 M oxalic acid at temperature ranged from 5°C to 25°C for 60 minutes. The steady-state current density increased accordingly with the temperature of oxalic acid. Hexagonal pore arrangement was formed on porous anodic alumina that was formed in oxalic acid of 5, 10 and 15°C while disordered porous anodic alumina was formed in oxalic acid of 20 and 25°C. The temperature of oxalic acid did not affect the pore diameter and interpore distance of porous anodic alumina. Both rate of increase of thickness and oxide mass increased steadily with increasing temperature of oxalic acid, but the current efficiency decreased as the temperature of oxalic acid increased due to enhanced oxide dissolution from pore wall.

4 13

Publication

Effective synthesis of silicon carbide nanotubes by microwave heating of blended silicon dioxide and multi-walled carbon nanotube

( 2017)

Voo Chung Sung Tony

;

Voon Chun Hong

;

Lee Chang Chuan

;

Lim Bee Ying

;

Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath

;

Foo Kai Loong

;

Mohd Khairuddin Md Arshad

;

Ruslinda A. Rahim

;

Uda Hashim

;

Nashaain Mohd Nordin

;

Yarub Al-Douri

Silicon carbide nanotube (SiCNTs) has been proven as a suitable material for wide applications in high power, elevated temperature and harsh environment. For the first time, we reported in this article an effective synthesis of SiCNTs by microwave heating of SiO2 and MWCNTs in molar ratio of 1:1, 1:3, 1:5 and 1:7. Blend of SiO2 and MWCNTs in the molar ratio of 1:3 was proven to be the most suitable for the high yield synthesis of β-SiCNTs as confirmed by X-ray diffraction pattern. Only SiCNTs were observed from the blend of MWCNTs and SiO2 in the molar ratio of 1:3 from field emission scanning electron microscopy imaging. High magnification transmission electron microscopy showed that tubular structure of MWCNT was preserved with the inter-planar spacing of 0.25 nm. Absorption bands of Si-C bond were detected at 803 cm-1 in Fourier transform infrared spectrum. Thermal gravimetric analysis revealed that SiCNTs from ratio of 1:3 showed the lowest weight loss. Thus, our synthetic process indicates high yield conversion of SiO2 and MWCNTs to SiCNTs was achieved for blend of SiO2 and MWCNTs in molar ratio of 1:3.

3 9

Publication

Fabrication of silicon nanowire sensors for highly sensitive pH and DNA hybridization detection

( 2022)

Siti Fatimah Abd Rahman

;

Nor Azah Yusof

;

Mohd Khairuddin Md Arshad

;

Uda Hashim

;

Mohammad Nuzaihan Md Nor

;

Mohd Nizar Hamidon

A highly sensitive silicon nanowire (SiNW)-based sensor device was developed using electron beam lithography integrated with complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The top-down fabrication approach enables the rapid fabrication of device miniaturization with uniform and strictly controlled geometric and surface properties. This study demonstrates that SiNW devices are well-aligned with different widths and numbers for pH sensing. The device consists of a single nanowire with 60 nm width, exhibiting an ideal pH responsivity (18.26 × 106 Ω/pH), with a good linear relation between the electrical response and a pH level range of 4–10. The optimized SiNW device is employed to detect specific single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA) molecules. To use the sensing area, the sensor surface was chemically modified using (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane and glutaraldehyde, yielding covalently linked nanowire ssDNA adducts. Detection of hybridized DNA works by detecting the changes in the electrical current of the ssDNA-functionalized SiNW sensor, interacting with the targeted ssDNA in a label-free way. The developed biosensor shows selectivity for the complementary target ssDNA with linear detection ranging from 1.0 × 10−12 M to 1.0 × 10−7 M and an attained detection limit of 4.131 × 10−13 M. This indicates that the use of SiNW devices is a promising approach for the applications of ion detection and biomolecules sensing and could serve as a novel biosensor for future biomedical diagnosis.

1 18

Publication

Fabrication of silicon nitride ion sensitive field-effect transistor for pH measurement and DNA Immobilization/Hybridization

( 2013)

Uda Hashim

;

Soon Weng Chong

;

Liu Wei Wen

The fabrication of ion sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET) using silicon nitride (Si3N4) as the sensing membrane for pH measurement and DNA is reported. For the pH measurement, the Ag/AgCl electrode was used as the reference electrode, and different pH values of buffer solution were used in the ISFET analysis. The ISFET device was tested with pH buffer solutions of pH2, pH3, pH7, pH8, and pH9. The results show that the IV characteristic of ISFET devices is directly proportional and the device’s sensitivity was 43.13 mV/pH. The ISFET is modified chemically to allow the integration with biological element to form a biologically active field-effect transistor (BIOFET). It was found that the DNA immobilization activities which occurred on the sensing membrane caused the drain current to drop due to the negatively charged backbones of the DNA probes repelled electrons from accumulating at the conducting channel. The drain current was further decreased when the DNA hybridization took place.

Publication

Food assimilated by two sympatric populations of the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Delphacidae) feeding on different host plants contaminates insect DNA detected by RAPD-PCR analysis

( 2012)

M.A. Latif

;

M.Y. Omar

;

S.G. Tan

;

S.S. Siraj

;

Ali, Mohamad Eaqub

;

M.Y. Rafii

Contamination of insect DNA for RAPD-PCR analysis can be a problem because many primers are non-specific and DNA from parasites or gut contents may be simultaneously extracted along with that of the insect. We measured the quantity of food ingested and assimilated by two sympatric populations of brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, one from rice and the other from Leersia hexandra (Poaceae), a wetland forage grass, and we also investigated whether host plant DNA contaminates that of herbivore insects in extractions of whole insects. Ingestion and assimilation of food were reduced significantly when individuals derived from one host plant were caged on the other species. The bands, OPA3 (1.25), OPD3 (1.10), OPD3 (0.80), OPD3 (0.60), pUC/M13F (0.35), pUC/M13F (0.20), BOXAIR (0.50), peh#3 (0.50), and peh#3 (0.17) were found in both rice-infesting populations of brown planthopper and its host plant (rice). Similarly, the bands, OPA4 (1.00), OPB10 (0.70), OPD3 (0.90), OPD3 (0.80), OPD3 (0.60), pUC/ M13F (0.35), pUC/M13F (0.20), and BOXAIR (0.50) were found in both Leersia-infesting populations of brown planthopper and the host plant. So, it is clear that the DNA bands amplified in the host plants were also found in the extracts from the insects feeding on them.

1 12

Publication

Gold nanoparticle sensor for the visual detection of pork adulteration in meatball formulation

( 2011-06-30)

Ali, Mohamad Eaqub

;

Uda Hashim

;

S. Mustafa

;

Y. B. Che Man

;

Kh. N. Islam

We visually identify pork adulteration in beef and chicken meatball preparations using 20 nm gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as colorimetric sensors. Meatball is a popular food in certain Asian and European countries. Verification of pork adulteration in meatball is necessary to meet the Halal and Kosher food standards. Twenty nm GNPs change color from pinkish-red to gray-purple, and their absorption peak at 525 nm is red-shifted by 30–50 nm in 3 mM phosphate buffer saline (PBS). Adsorption of single-stranded DNA protects the particles against salt-induced aggregation. Mixing and annealing of a 25-nucleotide (nt) single-stranded (ss) DNA probe with denatured DNA of different meatballs differentiated well between perfectly matched and mismatch hybridization at a critical annealing temperature. The probes become available in nonpork DNA containing vials due to mismatches and interact with GNPs to protect them from salt-induced aggregation. Whereas, all the pork containing vials, either in pure and mixed forms, consumed the probes totally by perfect hybridization and turned into grey, indicating aggregation. This is clearly reflected by a well-defined red-shift of the absorption peak and significantly increased absorbance in 550–800 nm regimes. This label-free low-cost assay should find applications in food analysis, genetic screening, and homology studies.

1 11

Publication

High-performance detection of an abdominal aortic aneurysm biomarker by immunosensing

( 2020-05-01)

Guo S.

;

Li Y.

;

Li R.

;

Zhang P.

;

Wang Y.

;

Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath

;

Gong K.

;

Wan P.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a serious, life-threatening vascular disease that presents as an enlarged area of the aorta, which is the main artery that carries blood away from the heart. AAA may occur at any location in the aorta, but it is mainly found in the abdominal region. A ruptured AAA causes serious health issues, including death. Traditional imaging techniques, such as computed tomography angiogram, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound sonography, have been used to identify AAAs. Circulating biomarkers have recently become attractive for diagnosing AAAs due to their cost-effectiveness compared to imaging. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a secreted hormone vital for human atherosclerotic plaque stability, has been found to be an efficient biomarker for AAA identification. In this report, immunosensing was performed by using an InterDigitated electrode (IDE) sensor to detect circulating levels of IGF-1. The detection limit of IGF-1 was found to be 100 fM with this sensor. Moreover, related protein controls (IGF-2 and IGFBP3) were not detected with the same antibody, indicating selective IGF-1 detection. Thus, immunosensing by using an IDE sensor may help to effectively diagnose AAAs and represents a basic platform for further development.

2 1

Publication

Impact of hydrogen concentrations on the impedance spectroscopic behavior of Pd-sensitized ZnO nanorods

( 2013-02-11)

Muhammad Kashif

;

Md Eaqub Ali

;

Syed M Usman Ali

;

Uda Hashim

;

Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid

ZnO nanorods were synthesized using a low-cost sol-gel spin coating technique. The synthesized nanorods were consisted of hexagonal phase having c-axis orientation. SEM images reflected perpendicular ZnO nanorods forming bridging network in some areas. The impact of different hydrogen concentrations on the Pd-sensitized ZnO nanorods was investigated using an impedance spectroscopy (IS). The grain boundary resistance (Rgb) significantly contributed to the sensing properties of hydrogen gas. The boundary resistance was decreased from 11.95 to 3.765 kΩ when the hydrogen concentration was increased from 40 to 360 ppm. IS gain curve showed a gain of 6.5 for 360 ppm of hydrogen at room temperature. Nyquist plot showed reduction in real part of impedance at low frequencies on exposure to different concentrations of hydrogen. Circuit equivalency was investigated by placing capacitors and resistors to identify the conduction mechanism according to complex impedance Nyquist plot. Variations in nanorod resistance and capacitance in response to the introduction of various concentrations of hydrogen gas were obtained from the alternating current impedance spectra.

Publication

Influence of thermal treatment on extraction and characteristics of phytochemicals from rhizome of Acorus calamus L

( 2022-01-01)

Krishnan N.

;

Singh P.K.

;

Sakthivelu M.

;

Velusamy P.

;

Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath

;

Raman P.

Certain population in rural zones are still getting assistance from the traditional and folkloric medical systems. Before they cease to exist, this practice and knowledge need to be documented. Acorus calamus is a well-known aromatic herb with a rhizome that has been exhibited various therapeutic applications like gastroenteritis, antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-asthmatic activity. In Siddha system, the thermally treated dried rhizome of A. calamus is generally used to cure gastrointestinal and neurological ailments occur especially in infants by mixing the powder of rhizome with milk, ghee, and water. In this study, we evaluate the effect of thermal treatment on screening of bioactive compounds from A. calamus rhizome. The dried rhizome was thermally treated at different temperatures and incubation periods followed by ethanol extraction for 12 h to obtain the bioactive compounds profile. The temperature was optimized to 500 °C for 100 s of incubation based on the number of identified compounds through GC–MS analysis. The optimized samples were further analyzed by using LC–MS/MS, FTIR, micro-Raman, DLS-zeta potential, and XRD. A number of sesquiterpenoids, alkaloids, fatty acids, amino acid derivatives, sterols, and glucosides were detected in the aforementioned methods. The difference was observed in the size and charge of thermally treated and control dried rhizome. This indicates the short time exposure of thermally treated rhizome to be enough to retrieve the major bioactive compounds and also has tremendous application to revert the ailments, over to dried control rhizome.

3 2

Publication

Lipase-Secreting Bacillus species in an oil-contaminated habitat: promising strains to alleviate oil pollution

( 2015)

Li Pin Lee

;

Hudzaifah Mohamed Karbul

;

Marimuthu Citartan

;

Subash C. B. Gopinath

;

Thangavel Lakshmipriya

;

Thean-Hock Tang

Lipases are of great interest for different industrial applications due to their diversity and versatility. Among different lipases, microbial lipases are preferable due to their broad substrate specificity, and higher stability with lower production costs compared to the lipases from plants and animals. In the past, a vast number of bacterial species have been reported as potential lipases producers. In this study, the lipases-producing bacterial species were isolated from an oil spillage area in the conventional night market. Isolated species were identified asBacillusspecies by biochemical tests which indicate their predominant establishment, and further screened on the agar solid surfaces using lipid and gelatin as the substrates. Out of the ten strains tested, four potential strains were subjected to comparison analysis of the lipolytic versus proteolytic activities. Strain 10 exhibited the highest lipolytic and proteolytic activity. In all the strains, the proteolytic activity is higher than the lipolytic activity except for strain 8, suggesting the possibility for substrate-based extracellular gene induction. The simultaneous secretion of both the lipase and protease is a mean of survival. The isolated bacterial species which harbour both lipase and protease enzymes could render potential industrial-based applications and solve environmental issues.

5 4

Publication

Mediatorless impedance studies with titanium dioxide conjugated gold nanoparticles for hydrogen peroxide detection

( 2017)

Nur Hamidah Abdul Halim

;

Yook Lee

;

Radha Marugan

;

Uda Hashim

1 11

Publication

Mediatorless impedance studies with titanium dioxide conjugated gold nanoparticles for hydrogen peroxide detection

( 2017)

Nur Hamidah Abdul Halim

;

Yook Lee

;

Radha Marugan

;

Uda Hashim

An impedimetric-based biosensor constructed using gold nanoparticles (AuNP) entrapped within titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) detection is the main feature of this research. The matrix of the biosensor employed the surface of TiO2, which was previously modified with an amine terminal group using 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTS) at a low temperature to create a ready to immobilise surface for the biosensor application. Hemoglobin (Hb), which exhibits peroxidase-like activity, was used as the bioreceptor in the biosensor to detect H2O2 in solution. The analysis was carried out using an alternative impedance method, in which the biosensor exhibited a wide linear range response between 1 × 10−4 M and 1.5 × 10−2 M and a limit of detection (LOD) of 1 × 10−5 M without a redox mediator.

2 9

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