Journal Articles

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14170/296

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Browsing Journal Articles by Department "Universiti Malaysia Perlis"
  • Publication
    A critical study of the existing issues in circular economy practices during movement control order: can BIM fill the gap?
    (Emerald, 2022)
    Zul-Atfi Ismail
    The improper evaluation and information management of circular economy (CE) (i.e. design, planning, supply chain, waste pile and material hazard) is critical for public health and is a major problem in the waste management of precast concrete (PC) building manufacture and construction and demolition wastes industry. The CE model is particularly problematic for PC building construction projects where the standard practices for the total number of waste building materials are not appropriate and do not match the safe disposal design specification, such as the recent number increase in the Malaysian illegal construction waste pile during the Movement Control Order (11 March 2021, about 5 out of 29 landfills related to states enforcing Act 672). The study aims to develop a framework application (i.e. Building Information Modelling [BIM]) that supports intelligent waste recycling management and sophisticated CE model system solutions. Design/methodology/approach: Thus, the development of a new BIM-based programming algorithm approach is proposed for optimising CE in accordance with the needs of the current PC building construction schemes. As a precursor to this study, the concepts of CE practices are reviewed and the main features of BIM tools and techniques currently being employed on such projects are presented. Findings: Sophisticated CE system solutions are described as an essential component of this optimisation to reduce the amount of waste generated at the end of the life cycle of PC building construction projects and to better manage the resources used throughout it. Originality/value: Finally, the potential for a research framework for developing such a system in the future is presented.
  • Publication
    A Properties of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash (IFA) And Cement Used in The Manufacturing of New Inventive Blended Cement
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim
    ;
    Roshazita Che Amat
    ;
    Nur Liza Rahim
    ;
    Izzatul Nurain Che Sang Beri
    ;
    Syakirah Afiza Mohammed
    ;
    Zailani W.W.A.
    Municipal solid waste incinerator fly (IFA) ash is prone to accumulate high concentration heavy metals. Due to the increasing costs to treat remaining fly ash at the landfill, a lot of research has been done to recycle IFA. This study was focusing on the properties of IFA and cement as main raw materials in new inventive blended cement. The properties of blended cement were also being investigated. Properties of IFA and cement were examined through several test which includes density, specific gravity, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Loss of Ignition (LOI) and through Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test. The density test and LOI test were also being done for the blended cement. From the tests for IFA and cement, it can be found that density the density of fly ash and cement that has been used for this study were found to be 0.76 g/cm3 and 3.67 g/cm3 respectively. Then, the specific gravity of fly ash and cement were 1.69 and 2.98, accordingly. XRF results shows that both materials have highest content of aluminium, silica and iron, as expected. LOI of fly ash and cement were found to be 17.33 % and 12.33 %, respectively. In terms of the leaching rates of heavy metals (Mn, Ni, Cd, Cr, Cu), only Cd leached at rate 2.39 mg/L, which is above the USEPA's regulatory level, 1.0 mg/L. 5 %, 10 % and 15 % of IFA was mixed with cement to produced blended cement. As the density of blended cement, it was found to be 1.12 g/cm3, 1.08 g/cm3 and 1.09 g/cm3 for each of 5 %, 10 % and 15 % of fly ash in blended cement.
      3  15
  • Publication
    A proposed aerobic granules size development scheme for aerobic granulation process
    ( 2015-04)
    Farrah Aini Dahalan
    ;
    Norhayati Abdullah
    ;
    Ali Yuzir
    ;
    Gustaf Olsson
    ;
    Myzairah Salmiati
    ;
    Mohd Fadhil Mohd Hamdzah
    ;
    Siti Aqlima Din
    ;
    Khalilah Abdul Ahmad
    ;
    Aznah Nor Khalil
    ;
    Zainura Zainon Anuar
    ;
    Zaini Noor
    Aerobic granulation is increasingly used in wastewater treatment due to its unique physical properties and microbial functionalities. Granule size defines the physical properties of granules based on biomass accumulation. This study aims to determine the profile of size development under two physicochemical conditions. Two identical bioreactors namely Rnp and Rp were operated under non-phototrophic and phototrophic conditions, respectively. An illustrative scheme was developed to comprehend the mechanism of size development that delineates the granular size throughout the granulation. Observations on granules’ size variation have shown that activated sludge revolutionised into the form of aerobic granules through the increase of biomass concentration in bioreactors which also determined the changes of granule size. Both reactors demonstrated that size transformed in a similar trend when tested with and without illumination. Thus, different types of aerobic granules may increase in size in the same way as recommended in the aerobic granule size development scheme.
  • Publication
    A State-of-the-Art review on innovative geopolymer composites designed for water and wastewater treatment
    ( 2021)
    Ismail Luhar
    ;
    Salmabanu Luhar
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Rafiza Abd Razak
    ;
    Petrica Vizureanu
    ;
    Andrei Victor Sandu
    ;
    Petre-Daniel Matasaru
    There is nothing more fundamental than clean potable water for living beings next to air. On the other hand, wastewater management is cropping up as a challenging task day-by-day due to lots of new additions of novel pollutants as well as the development of infrastructures and regulations that could not maintain its pace with the burgeoning escalation of populace and urbanizations. Therefore, momentous approaches must be sought-after to reclaim fresh water from wastewaters in order to address this great societal challenge. One of the routes is to clean wastewater through treatment processes using diverse adsorbents. However, most of them are unsustainable and quite costly e.g. activated carbon adsorbents, etc. Quite recently, innovative, sustainable, durable, affordable, user and eco-benevolent Geopolymer composites have been brought into play to serve the purpose as a pretty novel subject matter since they can be manufactured by a simple process of Geopolymerization at low temperature, lower energy with mitigated carbon footprints and marvellously, exhibit outstanding properties of physical and chemical stability, ion-exchange, dielectric characteristics, etc., with a porous structure and of course lucrative too because of the incorporation of wastes with them, which is in harmony with the goal to transit from linear to circular economy, i.e., “one’s waste is the treasure for another”. For these reasons, nowadays, this ground-breaking inorganic class of amorphous alumina-silicate materials are drawing the attention of the world researchers for designing them as adsorbents for water and wastewater treatment where the chemical nature and structure of the materials have a great impact on their adsorption competence. The aim of the current most recent state-of-the-art and scientometric review is to comprehend and assess thoroughly the advancements in geo-synthesis, properties and applications of geopolymer composites designed for the elimination of hazardous contaminants viz., heavy metal ions, dyes, etc. The adsorption mechanisms and effects of various environmental conditions on adsorption efficiency are also taken into account for review of the importance of Geopolymers as most recent adsorbents to get rid of the death-defying and toxic pollutants from wastewater with a view to obtaining reclaimed potable and sparkling water for reuse offering to trim down the massive crisis of scarcity of water promoting sustainable water and wastewater treatment for greener environments. The appraisal is made on the performance estimation of Geopolymers for water and wastewater treatment along with the three-dimensional printed components are characterized for mechanical, physical and chemical attributes, permeability and Ammonium (NH4+) ion removal competence of Geopolymer composites as alternative adsorbents for sequestration of an assortment of contaminants during wastewater treatment.
  • Publication
    Adsorption and toxicity of heavy metals on activated sludge
    ( 2010)
    Ong Soon An
    ;
    Eiichi Toorisaka
    ;
    Makoto Hirata
    ;
    Tadashi Hano
    The adsorption of Cu, Cd, Ni, Zn, and Cr from synthetic solutions on powdered activated carbon (PAC), activated sludge, and dried sludge were investigated under laboratory conditions to assess its ability to remove heavy metals. The adsorption efficiency increased rapidly within the first 30 min and then slowed down as it approached a steady state after 5 h of contact time. The results showed that activated sludge and PAC had a higher adsorption capacity than dried sludge. However, PAC showed a better adsorption capacity for Cu, Zn, and Ni than activated sludge. The maximum adsorption capacity, as quantified by the Langmuir parameter Q for activated sludge was 44, 30, 24, 23, and 18 mg/g for Cu, Ni, Cd, Cr, and Zn, respectively. In the case of dried sludge, the respective values of Q were 20, 13, 11, 3, and 10 mg/g. The acute toxicity of these five heavy metals to the activated sludge microorganisms was determined on the basis of the reduction in the specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR). The results obtained from the SOUR measurements indicated a decreasing toxicity scale, Cu > Cd > Ni ' Cr > Zn on activated sludge microorganisms.
      1  12
  • Publication
    Adsorption of diclofenac sodium using low-cost activated carbon in a fixed-bed column
    ( 2022-12-15)
    Fadirah Fadzail
    ;
    Masitah Hasan
    ;
    Naimah Ibrahim
    ;
    Zulfakar Mokhtar
    ;
    Asih A.Y.P.
    ;
    Syafiuddin A.
    In recent years, the presence of pharmaceutical contaminants, such as diclofenac sodium (DCF) in water bodies and their potential influence on aquatic organisms gained much attention. As a result of high demand and usage by consumers, in addition to incomplete removal during wastewater treatment, pharmaceutical contaminants will end up on water surfaces. To mitigate this problem, the elimination of DCF by employing activated carbon derived from Dillenia Indica peels was evaluated. The adsorption of DCF was performed in a continuous process. The findings showed that the adsorption of DCF was favorable at a lower flow rate, greater bed height, and initial DCF concentration, with the highest removal percentage of 44.93%. To assess the characteristics of the breakthrough curve of DCF, the adsorption data were used to match three distinct adsorption models, namely, Boharts and Adam, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas. The breakthrough results were well-fitted with these models, as the values of R2 for all models and parameters were higher than 0.88. Thus, it was concluded that the activated carbon from Dillenia Indica can effectively remove DCF from an aqueous solution.
      2  19
  • Publication
    Anaerobic co-digestion of different types of cow dung with food waste
    (Universitatea Gheorghe Asachi din Iasi, 2023)
    Irnis Azura Zakaria
    ;
    Nur Adlina Mohd Hilmi
    ;
    Muhd Fakhrul Samah
    ;
    Zaki Abdul Aziz Mh Daud
    ;
    Madalina Boboc
    The value of manure as a source of clean energy can be increased through the conversion of animal waste into energy, which can also reduce the negative effects that animal waste disposal has on the environment. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a potential bioprocess for the utilisation of waste biomass and the conservation of energy. It is also an alternative method of energy recovery and waste treatment that produces biogas, which can be used to generate either electricity or heat and is a byproduct of the digestion process. In this study, different types of cow dung in terms of nutritional processes (grass: bran); 100 % grass, 95 % grass: 5 % bran, and 80 % grass: 20 % bran were taken for anaerobic co-digestion with food waste. The purpose of this study is to investigate the production of biogas as well as the properties of anaerobic co-digestion using different types of cow dung under mesophilic temperature (37°C). Biogas production was measured by the water displacement method. The pH value, Organic Matter (OM) content, C/N ratio, and Volatile Acid (VA) were recorded throughout the experiment. Samples of 100 % grass accumulated the highest biogas production (1250 ml) followed by samples of 80 % grass: 20 % bran (1080 ml) and samples of 95 % grass: 5% bran (780 ml) between the 20th and 23rd days. This shows the sample of 100 % grass-feeding has a better performance on biogas production among the samples.
  • Publication
    Analysis of short time period of operation of horizontal ground heat exchangers
    ( 2015)
    Salsuwanda Selamat
    ;
    Akio Miyara
    ;
    Keishi Kariya
    Ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems have been proven to have higher efficiency compared to conventional air source heat pump systems for space heating and cooling applications. While vertical ground heat exchangers (GHE) are favorable in GSHP installation, this type of configuration requires higher capital costs as opposed to horizontal configuration. Numerical simulation has been used to accurately predict the thermal performance of GHE. In this paper, numerical analysis of thermal performance for slinky horizontal GHE loops in different orientations and operation modes is discussed. It was found that the loop orientation is not so important due to the little effect it has on thermal performance. While the mean heat exchange rate of copper loop increases 48% compared to HDPE loop, the analysis supports the common claim that heat exchange rate is predominantly limited by the thermal conductivity of the ground. With the same amount of circulation work, the mean heat exchange rate increases by 83%–162% when operated in parallel loops operations. The performance in these operations can be further optimized to 10%–14% increase when spacing between adjacent loops was provided. The spacing helps to minimize interference of heat flow that would penalize the overall thermal performance.
      6  6
  • Publication
    Assessment of the suitability of ceramic waste in geopolymer composites: an appraisal
    ( 2021)
    Ismail Luhar
    ;
    Salmabanu Luhar
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Marcin Nabiałek
    ;
    Andrei Victor Sandu
    ;
    Janusz Szmidla
    ;
    Anna Jurczyńska
    ;
    Rafiza Abdul Razak
    ;
    Ikmal Hakem A Aziz
    ;
    Noorina Hidayu Jamil
    ;
    Laila Mardiah Deraman
    Currently, novel inorganic alumino-silicate materials, known as geopolymer composites, have emerged swiftly as an ecobenevolent alternative to contemporary ordinary Portland cement (OPC) building materials since they display superior physical and chemical attributes with a diverse range of possible potential applications. The said innovative geopolymer technology necessitates less energy and low carbon footprints as compared to OPC-based materials because of the incorporation of wastes and/or industrial byproducts as binders replacing OPC. The key constituents of ceramic are silica and alumina and, hence, have the potential to be employed as an aggregate to manufacture ceramic geopolymer concrete. The present manuscript presents a review of the performance of geopolymer composites incorporated with ceramic waste, concerning workability, strength, durability, and elevated resistance evaluation.
  • Publication
    Characterisation and evaluation of trimesic acid derivatives as disulphide cross-linked polymers for potential colon targeted drug delivery
    ( 2017)
    Siti Nur Aishah Mat Yusuf
    ;
    Ng, Yoke Mooi
    ;
    Ayub, Asila Dinie
    ;
    Ngalim, Siti Hawa
    ;
    Vuanghao Lim
    Discovery and use of biocompatible polymers offers great promise in the pharmaceutical field, particularly in drug delivery systems. Disulphide bonds, which commonly occur in peptides and proteins and have been used as drug-glutathione conjugates, are reductively cleaved in the colon. The intrinsic stability of a disulphide relative to thiol groups is determined by the redox potential of the environment. The objective of this study was to synthesise a trimesic acid-based disulphide cross-linked polymer that could potentially be used for targeted delivery to the colon. The monomer was synthesised by an amide coupling reaction between trimesic acid and (triphenylmethyl) thioethylamine using a two-step synthesis method. The s-trityl group was removed using a cocktail of trifluoroacetic acid and triethylsilane to expose the thiols in preparation for further polymerisation. The resulting polymers (P10, P15, P21, P25, and P51, generated using different molar ratios) were reduced after 1.5 h of reduction time. Scanning electron microscopy images of the polymers showed spherical, loose, or tight patterns depending on the molar ratio of polymerisation. These polymers also exhibited efficient dissolution under various gastrointestinal conditions. Of the five polymers tested, P10 and P15 appeared to be promising drug delivery vehicles for poorly soluble drugs, due to the hydrophobic nature of the polymers.
      1  5
  • Publication
    Effect of operating temperature in the anaerobic degradation of palm oil mill effluent: Process performance, microbial community, and biokinetic evaluation
    ( 2022-09-01)
    Audrey Chai Yee Chieh
    ;
    Wong Yee Shian
    ;
    Ong Soon An
    ;
    Nabilah Aminah Lutpi
    ;
    Sam Sung Ting
    ;
    Kee Wei Chin
    This research paper presents the thermophilic anaerobic digestion (TAD) of palm oil mill effluent (POME), which is an extension of a previously conducted mesophilic anaerobic digestion (MAD) study. An anaerobic suspended growth closed bioreactor was operated at various hydraulic retention times (HRT) between 24 and 8 days. The effect of operating temperature on the performance, microbial identification, and biokinetic coefficients was evaluated. Performance was quantified by the production of biogas and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction efficiency. Biogas production in TAD (64.56 L/day) was higher than MAD (46.76 L/day). A higher COD reduction efficiency was also achieved in TAD (90.90%) compared to MAD (89.66%). Other than that, more species of methanogenic bacteria were also identified in TAD through 16S rDNA. Furthermore, the modified Monod model implemented in the biokinetic evaluation revealed that higher values of maximum substrate utilization rate (rx,max) and maximum specific biomass growth rate (μmax) contributed to the better performance in TAD. The high rx,max value explains the higher COD reduction efficiency obtained in TAD. The critical retention time (θC) in TAD is also higher than MAD, making it less prone to the washout of active microbes when operating near low retention times. Additionally, TAD also achieved higher methane yield (YCH4) as opposed to MAD. The extension study concluded that the TAD of POME demonstrated improved performance in terms of biogas production and COD reduction when evaluated against the previously conducted MAD.
      3
  • Publication
    Effect of temperature on flexible printed circuit board layout during reflow soldering process
    (AIP Publishing Ltd., 2023)
    Muhammad Hafifi Hafiz Ishak
    ;
    Mohd Sharizal Abdul Aziz
    ;
    Mohd Zulkifly Abdullah
    ;
    Muhammad Iqbal Ahmad
    ;
    Khor Chu Yee
    ;
    Siahaan Erwin
    High demands on flexibility, lighter weight, thinner size and low-cost electronic product had increased the application of Flexible Printed Circuit Board (FPCB) over Rigid Printed Circuit Board (RPCB). However, the thermal factor affects FPCB significantly during the reflow soldering process. The temperature of the reflow soldering process causes the FPCB to encounter significant deflection and thermal stress compared to the RPCB. Therefore, the present experiment investigates the effect of temperature on FPCB layout during the reflow soldering process. The deformation of RPCB and FPCB was measured using a KEYENCE LK-G152 laser sensor placed at the entrance and outlet of the reflow oven. Two temperature profiles were used as a variable for the experiment: soaking temperature profile and ramp temperature profile. The investigation shows that component placements pattern influences the deformation of FPCB. The FPCB component placements reduce the deformation due to low wetting angle and component weight. FPCB solder joint has a good wetting angle (<90°), indicating good solder paste deposited on the FPCB. However, several solder joints on FPCB are irregular in shape due to high deformation. Therefore, it is essential to study the effect of temperature on FPCB during the reflow soldering process for industries guideline for mass production of FPCB products.
      3  3
  • Publication
    Effects of magnesium ions in microbial cells adhesion of attached growth system for the enhancement of biogas production
    (Penerbit UTM Press, 2020)
    Nabilah Aminah Lutpi
    ;
    Wong Yee Shian
    ;
    Tengku Nuraiti Tengku Izhar
    ;
    Yiek Wee Kiong
    This research aims to improve the biogas production by employing cell immobilisation technique under thermophilic conditions. The thermophilic fermentative biogas production was carried out by immobilising the anaerobic sludge obtained from palm oil mill treatment plant on granular activated carbon (GAC) in repeated batch mode. Different concentration of magnesium ions (Mg2+) (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.5 g/l) on biogas production was investigated at 60°C with an initial sucrose concentration of 5 g/l as feedstock. The effect of Mg2+ supplementation at the initial stage of immobilisation process is important to increase the formation of biofilm in the attached growth system. This study had found that Mg2+ could enhance the biogas production capacity with optimum Mg2+ concentration of 0.75 g/l.
  • Publication
    Enhancing ecosystem biodiversity through air pollution concentrations prediction using support vector regression approaches
    (Universitatea Gheorghe Asachi din Iasi, 2023)
    Syaidatul Umairah Solehah
    ;
    Aida Wati Zainan Abidin
    ;
    Saiful Nizam Warris
    ;
    Wan Nur Shaziayani
    ;
    Balkish Mohd Osman
    ;
    Nurain Ibrahim
    ;
    Norazian Mohamed Noor
    ;
    Ahmad Zia Ul-Saufie
    Air is the most crucial element for the survival of life on Earth. The air we breathe has a profound effect on our ecosystem biodiversity. Consequently, it is always prudent to monitor the air quality in our environment. There are few ways can be done in predicting the air pollution index (API) like data mining. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate three types of support vector regression (linear, SVR, libSVR) in predicting the air pollutant concentration and identify the best model. This study also would like to calculate the API by using the proposed model. The secondary daily data is used in this study from year 2002 to 2020 from the Department of Environment (DoE) Malaysia which located at Petaling Jaya monitoring station. There are six major pollutants that have been focusing in this work like PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3. The root means square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and relative error (RE) were used to evaluate the performance of the regression models. Experimental results showed that the best model is linear SVR with average of RMSE = 5.548, MAE = 3.490, and RE = 27.98% because had the lowest total rank value of RMSE, MAE, and RE for five air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, SO2, CO, O3) in this study. Unlikely for NO2, the best model is support vector regression (SVR) with RMSE = 0.007, MAE = 0.006, and RE = 20.75% in predicting the air pollutant concentration. This work also illustrates that combining data mining with air pollutants prediction is an efficient and convenient way to solve some related environment problems. The best model has the potential to be applied as an early warning system to inform local authorities about the air quality and can reliably predict the daily air pollution events over three consecutive days. Besides, good air quality plays a significant role in supporting biodiversity and maintaning healthy ecosystems. © 2023 Universitatea "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" din Iasi. All rights reserved.
  • Publication
    Fly ash-based geopolymer lightweight concrete using foaming agent
    ( 2012)
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    ;
    Mohamed Bnhussain
    ;
    Khairul Nizar Ismail
    ;
    Zarina Yahya
    ;
    Rafiza Abdul Razak
    In this paper, we report the results of our investigation on the possibility of producing foam concrete by using a geopolymer system. Class C fly ash was mixed with an alkaline activator solution (a mixture of sodium silicate and NaOH), and foam was added to the geopolymeric mixture to produce lightweight concrete. The NaOH solution was prepared by dilute NaOH pellets with distilled water. The reactives were mixed to produce a homogeneous mixture, which was placed into a 50 mm mold and cured at two different curing temperatures (60 °C and room temperature), for 24 hours. After the curing process, the strengths of the samples were tested on days 1, 7, and 28. The water absorption, porosity, chemical composition, microstructure, XRD and FTIR analyses were studied. The results showed that the sample which was cured at 60 °C (LW2) produced the maximum compressive strength for all tests, (11.03 MPa, 17.59 MPa, and 18.19 MPa) for days 1, 7, and 28, respectively. Also, the water absorption and porosity of LW2 were reduced by 6.78% and 1.22% after 28 days, respectively. The SEM showed that the LW2 sample had a denser matrix than LW1. This was because LW2 was heat cured, which caused the geopolymerization rate to increase, producing a denser matrix. However for LW1, microcracks were present on the surface, which reduced the compressive strength and increased water absorption and porosity.
      2  16
  • Publication
    Implementation of automation system-based model checking for managing imperfect maintenance actions in chemical plant projects
    (Emerald, 2023)
    Zul-Atfi Ismail
    The chemical plant (CP) maintenance industry has been under increasing pressure by process designers to demonstrate its evaluation and information management of model checking (MC) on the durability’s performance and design of plant control instrument. This main problem has been termed as imperfect maintenance actions (IMAs) level. Although IMAs have been explored in interdisciplinary maintenance environments, less is known about what imperfect maintenance problems currently exist and what their causes are, such as the recent explosion in the Beirut city (4 August 2020, about 181 fatalities). The aim of this paper is to identify how CP maintenance environments could integrate MC within their processes. Design/methodology/approach: To achieve this aim, a comprehensive literature review of the existing conceptualisation of MC practices is reviewed and the main features of information and communication technology tools and techniques currently being employed on such IMA projects are carried out and synthesised into a conceptual framework for integrating MC in the automation system process. Findings: The literature reveals that various CP designers conceptualise MC in different ways. MC is commonly shaped by long-term compliance to fulfil the requirement for maintaining a comfortable durability risk on imperfect maintenance schemes of CP projects. Also, there is a lack of common approaches for integrating the delivery process of MC. The conceptual framework demonstrates the importance of early integration of MC in the design phase to identify alternative methods to cogenerate, monitor and optimise MC. Originality/value: Thus far, this study advances the knowledge about how CP maintenance environments can ensure MC delivery. This paper highlights the need for further research to integrate MC in CP maintenance environments. A future study could validate the framework across the design phase with different CP project designers.
  • Publication
    Improving failure risk by better planning and safety for precast beam-to-column connection elements using physical internet-enabled building information modeling technology: a Malaysian case study
    (Emerald Publishing Ltd., 2022)
    Zul-Atfi Ismail
    Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to show that the growing global trend of quality assurance indicates the potential of precast concrete (PC) to improve construction quality and productivity, reduce wasteful construction, and achieve design standardization and to accelerate construction time. However, its current approach for dynamic characteristics, such as stiffness and displacement on beam-column connection system design, is not effective in achieving the required quality and operational requirements. Design/methodology/approach: A design tool based on the literature and data analysis in product planning and safety is proposed for the practice of PC building construction. Findings: The results reveal the need for improvement of PC building performance in the construction industry, especially for the beam-column connection system. The issues include improper design, improper specification and defective concrete and steel components compared to other manufacturing methods. Originality/value: A novel and sophisticated technique based on physical internet-enabled building information modeling (PI-BIM) is proposed to improve the planning process and safety for PC buildings in Malaysia
  • Publication
    Improving the warehouse operation by implementing lean warehousing
    (AIP Publishing Ltd., 2023)
    Ahmad Nur Aizat Ahmad
    ;
    Md Fauzi Ahmad
    ;
    Norhadilah Abdul Hamid
    ;
    Lee Tee Chuan
    ;
    Mohd Kamarul Irwan Abdul Rahim
    ;
    Gusman Nawanir
    ;
    Adnan Bakri
    ;
    Mustaqqim Abdul Rahim
    The growing interest of customers towards online shopping have given a good impact to the e-commerce platform nowadays especially during this pandemic which have a strict limitation of movement among citizen in Malaysia. However, some issue regarding the courier services have arisen regarding the poor service quality that customers received recently and some issue related to warehouse operation arises in certain situation such as product delay, product defects, and short space for inventory placement which create lower productivity and service performance. In order to overcome this situation, this study identified the implementation of lean warehousing in improving service productivity performance in courier company. This research will be focusing on the courier services company that available in Malaysia Delivery Express X is selected as it is one of the courier services that frequently used by customers as a platform to delivers their parcels. This research been conducted using qualitative method which the data been collected by interviewing the respondent and the data gathered is analyzed using Arena Simulation Software. The finding shows what is the best alternative used to improve the service productivity performance of courier service. From this research, the courier service industry can make use of the finding for future purposes and future researcher can explore more about the lean warehousing in courier service industry. Its shows the reduction of time from the research is 8.2% improvement.
  • Publication
    Influence of leachate matrix on oxidation performance of ozonation and aops
    ( 2022-12-15)
    Kow Su Huan
    ;
    Fahmi Muhammad Ridwan
    ;
    Che Zulzikrami Azner Abidin
    ;
    Najihah Abdul Rashid
    ;
    Naimah Ibrahim
    ;
    Abdul Haqi Ibrahim
    ;
    Ong Soon An
    ;
    Wikurendra E.A.
    ;
    Handayani D.
    Landfill leachate is a critical environmental issue that should be adequately treated to prevent it from spreading to the environment. This study explored the influence of raw leachate matrix and treated leachate matrix on O3, O3/H2O2, and O3/PS performance. O3 and AOPs were conducted in a laboratory-scale batch reactor. The findings showed the degradation of p-cresol, COD, and humic substances was much slower in treated leachate matrix than in raw leachate matrix. However, color was found easier to remove in treated leachate. The results revealed a synergic effect between molecular O3 and dissolved organic matter in the raw leachate as the O3 performance was enhanced in the presence of raw leachate matrix, except for color removal. The highest degradation of more than 90% was achieved in O3 /H2 O2 to remove COD, p-cresol, and humic substances, although it is the most affected by the leachate matrix. This study provides vital insight into the notable performance of O3 /PS in color removal regardless of the influence of leachate matrix, suggesting that the sulfate radical-induced oxidation outperformed O3 and O3 /H2 O2 in reducing nitrogen-containing compounds.
      1