Farrah Aini Dahalan
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Preferred name
Farrah Aini Dahalan
Official Name
Farrah Aini, Dahalan
Alternative Name
Dahalan, Farrah Aini
Dahalan, F. A.
Dahlan, Farrah Aini
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
55845177800
Researcher ID
ABD-4811-2020

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  • Publication
    The study of sensing elements parameters optimization for developed biosensor of SARS-CoV-2 detection
    ( 2023-04)
    Fatin Syakirah Halim
    ;
    Nor Azizah Parmin
    ;
    Uda Hashim
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    ;
    Farrah Aini Dahalan
    ;
    Iffah Izzati Zakaria
    ;
    Wei Chern Ang
    ;
    Nurfareezah Nadhirah Jaapar
    New advancements in developing sensitive and selective biosensors have demonstrated outstanding potential for Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA biosensors). The detection mode of DNA biosensors primary depends on a particular DNA hybridization that precisely occurs on the surface of the physical transducer that can only be detected using high-performance assays due to slight current changes. The analytical performance (sensitivity) of the DNA biosensor is conclusively rely on the confluence constructing of the sensing surface, which must be optimized. Thus, in this study, the sensing elements of the developed biosensors were optimized for detecting RNA of SARS-CoV-2. This optimization included concentration of nanomaterials (carbon quantum dots), probe density (concentration of DNA probe) and concentration of linker (APTES). It was observed that 0.15 % V/V of concentration CQD, 0.1μM of DNA probe and 36% V/V of APTES were the optimum parameters which provided their maximum response during electrical measurements and increased the sensitivity of the developed biosensor for SARS-CoV-2 detection
  • Publication
    Hydrogen sulfide removal from fermentative biohydrogen process: Effect of ZSM-5 zeolite loading
    ( 2024-03-01)
    Asman M.K.A.
    ;
    Nabilah Aminah Lutpi
    ;
    Wong Y.S.
    ;
    Hanif M.A.
    ;
    Ong Soon An
    ;
    Farrah Aini Dahalan
    ;
    Nur Izzati Iberahim
    ;
    Hamdzah M.
    The production and consumption of biohydrogen is growing because it is a “green,” renewable energy that can be obtained in a relatively cost-effective manner through anaerobic digestion. Biohydrogen produced from biomass is a viable source of renewable energy; nevertheless, the presence of highly toxic and corrosive hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the process can hinder the quality of biohydrogen production and limit its application in energy conversion equipment. Consequently, the goal of the research was to assess the feasibility of using ZSM-5 zeolite for H2S adsorption that function as activating agent to enhance biohydrogen quality under thermophilic conditions. The effect of ZMS-5 Zeolite loading (0.2–1.0 g) on biohydrogen production via dark fermentation from mixed fruit waste (MFW) was investigated using anaerobic sludge from a sewage treatment plant. The pH of the broth mixture was adjusted to 6.0, anaerobic conditions were created by purging it with nitrogen gas, and the temperature of the fermentative biohydrogen process was maintained at 60°C. Meanwhile, the H2S adsorption test was run at ambient temperature with flow rates (100 ml/min) and an H2S inlet concentration of 10000 ppm. The results indicate that the Z + H2S exhibit spectral lines corresponding to the S-H asymmetric stretching vibration of H2S at 2345.97 cm−1. The ideal adsorption capacity is at 0.8 g with yet, increasing the dosage amount of adsorbents, increases the time required for the adsorbent to achieve 90% saturation. The non-linear curve fitting demonstrated that the adsorption kinetics of all dosages used followed those of the Avrami kinetic model. This approach of using ZSM-5 zeolite for H2S removal provides an advantage in terms of minimizing environmental pollution and having great potential uses in industrial processes.
  • Publication
    Microplastics and nanoplastics: Recent literature studies and patents on their removal from aqueous environment
    ( 2022-03-01)
    Hanif M.A.
    ;
    Naimah Ibrahim
    ;
    Farrah Aini Dahalan
    ;
    Umi Fazara Md Ali
    ;
    Masitah Hasan
    ;
    Jalil A.A.
    The presence of microplastics (MP) and nanoplastics (NP) in the environment poses significant hazards towards microorganisms, humans, animals and plants. This paper is focused on recent literature studies and patents discussing the removal process of these plastic pollutants. Microplastics and nanoplastics can be quantified by counting, weighing, absorbance and turbidity and can be further analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and Raman tweezers. Mitigation methods reported are categorized depending on the removal characteristics: (i) Filtration and separation method: Filtration and separation, electrospun nanofiber membrane, constructed wetlands; (ii) Capture and surface attachment method: coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation (CFS), electrocoagulation, adsorption, magnetization, micromachines, superhydrophobic materials and microorganism aggregation; and (iii) Degradation method: photocatalytic degradation, microorganism degradation and thermal degradation; where removal efficiency between 58 and 100% were reported. As these methods are significantly distinctive, the parameters which affect the MP/NP removal performance e.g., pH, type of plastics, presence of interfering chemicals or ions, surface charges etc. are also discussed. 42 granted international patents related to microplastics and nanoplastics removal are also reviewed where the majority of these patents are focused on separation or filtration devices. These devices are efficient for microplastics up to 20 μm but may be ineffective for nanoplastics or fibrous plastics. Several patents were found to focus on methods similar to literature studies e.g., magnetization, CFS, biofilm and microorganism aggregation; with the addition of another method: thermal degradation.
  • Publication
    Wastewater remediation and bioelectricity generation in dual chambered salt bridge microbial fuel cell: A mini-review
    ( 2024-09-01)
    Iberahim N.I.
    ;
    Nabilah Aminah Lutpi
    ;
    Ho Li Ngee
    ;
    Wong Y.S.
    ;
    Ong Soon An
    ;
    Farrah Aini Dahalan
    The purpose of this article is to assess the feasibility analysis of microbial fuel cells (MFCs), particularly in the configuration of dual chamber salt bridge microbial fuel cell (DCSB-MFC), as a promising approach for simultaneous bioelectricity generation and wastewater remediation. The application of a salt bridge presents an economically viable alternative to the use of a proton exchange membrane, which is known for its high cost, in the construction of MFCs. This arrangement has been demonstrated to offer significant benefits in terms of enhancing the performance of new elements and evaluating operational parameters. However, it also encounters issues related to the total internal resistance (Rint) of the MFCs as well as power density (P). In addition, it has been found that traditional packing materials such activated carbon and gravel demonstrate poor permeability, internal resistance, and slow biofilm growth. Furthermore, there is a necessity to search for electrodes that possess high resistance to corrosion and are cost-effective to achieve optimal bioelectricity generation. Therefore, this article aims to emphasize the research areas that require attention. By addressing these areas, the actual implementation of this configuration can be brought closer to practical implementation.
  • Publication
    A proposed aerobic granules size development scheme for aerobic granulation process
    ( 2015-04)
    Farrah Aini Dahalan
    ;
    Norhayati Abdullah
    ;
    Ali Yuzir
    ;
    Gustaf Olsson
    ;
    Myzairah Salmiati
    ;
    Mohd Fadhil Mohd Hamdzah
    ;
    Siti Aqlima Din
    ;
    Khalilah Abdul Ahmad
    ;
    Aznah Nor Khalil
    ;
    Zainura Zainon Anuar
    ;
    Zaini Noor
    Aerobic granulation is increasingly used in wastewater treatment due to its unique physical properties and microbial functionalities. Granule size defines the physical properties of granules based on biomass accumulation. This study aims to determine the profile of size development under two physicochemical conditions. Two identical bioreactors namely Rnp and Rp were operated under non-phototrophic and phototrophic conditions, respectively. An illustrative scheme was developed to comprehend the mechanism of size development that delineates the granular size throughout the granulation. Observations on granules’ size variation have shown that activated sludge revolutionised into the form of aerobic granules through the increase of biomass concentration in bioreactors which also determined the changes of granule size. Both reactors demonstrated that size transformed in a similar trend when tested with and without illumination. Thus, different types of aerobic granules may increase in size in the same way as recommended in the aerobic granule size development scheme.
  • Publication
    Microplastics in facial cleanser: extraction, identification, potential toxicity, and continuous-flow removal using agricultural waste–based biochar
    ( 2023-05-01)
    Hanif M.A.
    ;
    Naimah Ibrahim
    ;
    Farrah Aini Dahalan
    ;
    Umi Fazara Md Ali
    ;
    Masitah Hasan
    ;
    Ayu Wazira Azhari
    ;
    Jalil A.A.
    Microplastic (MP) is an emerging contaminant of concern due to its ubiquitous quantity in the environment, small size, and potential toxicity due to strong affinity towards other contaminants. In this work, MP particles (5–300 μm) were extracted from a commercial facial cleanser and determined to be irregular polyethylene (PE) microbeads based on characterization with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The potential of extracted MP acting as toxic pollutants’ vector was analyzed via adsorption of methylene blue and methyl orange dye where significant dye uptake was observed. Synthetic wastewater containing the extracted MP was subjected to a continuous-flow column study using palm kernel shell and coconut shell biochar as the filter/adsorbent media. The prepared biochar was characterized via proximate and ultimate analysis, FESEM, contact angle measurement, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to investigate the role of the biochar properties in MP removal. MP removal performance was determined by measuring the turbidity and weighing the dry mass of particles remaining in the effluent following treatment. Promising results were obtained from the study with highest removal of MP (96.65%) attained through palm kernel shell biochar with particle size of 0.6–1.18 mm and continuous-flow column size of 20 mm. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
      1
  • Publication
    Column-based removal of high concentration microplastics in synthetic wastewater using granular activated carbon
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Amirah Mohd Napi N.n.
    ;
    Naimah Ibrahim
    ;
    Adli Hanif M.
    ;
    Masitah Hasan
    ;
    Farrah Aini Dahalan
    ;
    Syafiuddin A.
    ;
    Boopathy R.
    Microplastic (MP) is an emerging contaminant of concern due to its abundance in the environment. Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) can be considered as one of the main sources of microplastics in freshwater due to its inefficiency in the complete removal of small MPs. In this study, a column-based MP removal which could serve as a tertiary treatment in WWTPs is evaluated using granular activated carbon (GAC) as adsorbent/filter media, eliminating clogging problems commonly caused by powder form activated carbon (PAC). The GAC is characterized via N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and contact angle measurement to determine the influence of its properties on MP removal efficiency. MPs (40–48 μm) removal up to 95.5% was observed with 0.2 g/L MP, which is the lowest concentration tested in this work, but still higher than commonly used MP concentration in other studies. The performance is reduced with further increase in MP concentration (up to 1.0 g/L), but increasing the GAC bed length from 7.5 to 17.5 cm could lead to better removal efficiencies. MP particles are immobilized by the GAC predominantly by filtration process by being entangled with small GAC particles/chips or stuck between the GAC particles. MPs are insignificantly removed by adsorption process through entrapment in GAC porous structure or attachment onto the GAC surface.
      1
  • Publication
    Chemical and biological combined treatment for sugarcane vinasse: selection of parameters and performance studies
    ( 2023-05-01)
    Kee Wei Chin
    ;
    Wong Yee Shian
    ;
    Ong Soon An
    ;
    Nabilah Aminah Lutpi
    ;
    Sam Sung Ting
    ;
    Farrah Aini Dahalan
    ;
    Audrey Chai Yee Chieh
    ;
    Eng K.M.
    Sugarcane vinasse has been reported as a high strength industrial wastewater that could cause severe environmental pollution due to its complex and bio-refractory compounds. Thus, the combined coagulation and sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) system was employed for the sugarcane vinasse treatment. This study aims to determine the recommended conditions of various parameters under coagulation and SBBR and investigate the effectiveness of combined processes. First, the approach of the coagulation process could achieve the maximum COD reduction and decolorization efficiencies of 79.0 ± 3.4% and 94.1 ± 1.9%, respectively, under the recommended conditions. Next, SBBR as an integrated biofilm reactor showed excellent synergistic biodegradability, removing 86.6 ± 4.3% COD concentration and 94.6 ± 3.8% color concentration at 3.0 g·COD/L of substrate loading concentration. The kinetic studies of SBBR revealed that the first-order kinetic model was the best fit for COD reduction efficiency. In contrast, the second-order kinetic model was the best fit for decolorization efficiency. The SBBR reaction was further investigated by ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV–Vis). In the combined processes, SBBR followed by the coagulation process (SBBR–CP) showed greater COD reduction and decolorization efficiencies (97.5 ± 0.3 and 99.4 ± 0.1%) when compared to the coagulation process followed by SBBR (CP–SBBR). This study demonstrated the removal performance and potential application of the combined sequential process to produce effluent that can be reused for bioethanol production and fertigation. This finding provides additional insight for developing effective vinasse treatment using combined chemical and biological processes.
      1
  • Publication
    Investigation of Biosand Filter (BSF) on the Treatment Performance of Industrial Latex Wastewater
    ( 2024-01-01)
    Najihah Abdul Rashid
    ;
    Abdul Latif Abdul Rani
    ;
    Mohd Firdaus Omar
    ;
    Zainol N.A.
    ;
    Salwa Mohd Zaini Makhtar
    ;
    A B Wahab M.
    ;
    Nabilah Aminah Lutpi
    ;
    Farrah Aini Dahalan
    Biosand Filters (BSF) has great potential to improve the water quality. BSF is used extensively in the treatment of drinking water in rural areas because it is affordable, simple to use, and has a high removal efficiency. This study used actual latex effluent to examine the effectiveness of SBR. The growth of the biolayer in the BSF is also observed. This study analyzes consistent and stable results for COD, DO and NH4-N+. With removal performance ranging from 87 % to 99 %. DO value for BSF varied from lowest value of 1.5 mg/L to 8mg/L. Overall, the BSF was capable of producing treated water for water reclamation.
  • Publication
    Constructed wetland–microbial fuel cell for azo dyes degradation and energy recovery: Influence of molecular structure, kinetics, mechanisms and degradation pathways
    ( 2020-06-10)
    Oon Y.L.
    ;
    Ong Soon An
    ;
    Ho Li Ngee
    ;
    Wong Y.S.
    ;
    Farrah Aini Dahalan
    ;
    Oon Y.S.
    ;
    Teoh T.P.
    ;
    Lehl H.K.
    ;
    Thung W.E.
    Complete degradation of azo dye has always been a challenge due to the refractory nature of azo dye. An innovative hybrid system, constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell (CW-MFC) was developed for simultaneous azo dye remediation and energy recovery. This study investigated the effect of circuit connection and the influence of azo dye molecular structures on the degradation rate of azo dye and bioelectricity generation. The closed circuit system exhibited higher chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and decolourisation efficiencies compared to the open circuit system. The wastewater treatment performances of different operating systems were ranked in the decreasing order of CW-MFC (R1 planted-closed circuit) > MFC (R2 plant-free-closed circuit) > CW (R1 planted-open circuit) > bioreactor (R2 plant-free-open circuit). The highest decolourisation rate was achieved by Acid Red 18 (AR18), 96%, followed by Acid Orange 7 (AO7), 67% and Congo Red (CR), 60%. The voltage outputs of the three azo dyes were ranked in the decreasing order of AR18 > AO7 > CR. The results disclosed that the decolourisation performance was significantly influenced by the azo dye structure and the moieties at the proximity of azo bond; the naphthol type azo dye with a lower number of azo bond and more electron-withdrawing groups could cause azo bond to be more electrophilic and more reductive for decolourisation. Moreover, the degradation pathway of AR18, AO7 and CR were elucidated based on the respective dye intermediate products identified through UV–Vis spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC–MS) analyses. The CW-MFC system demonstrated high capability of decolouring azo dyes at the anaerobic anodic region and further mineralising dye intermediates at the aerobic cathodic region to less harmful or non-toxic products.