Nur Liza Rahim
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Nur Liza Rahim
Official Name
Nur Liza, Rahim
Alternative Name
Rahim, Nur Liza
Rahim, N. L.
Rahim, Nur Alis Addiena A.
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Scopus Author ID
55754434900

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  • Publication
    Computer simulations of end-tapering anchorages of EBR FRP-strengthened prestressed concrete slabs at service conditions
    ( 2023)
    Chirawat Wattanapanich
    ;
    Thanongsak Imjai
    ;
    Reyes Garcia
    ;
    Nur Liza Rahim
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Andrei Victor Sandu
    ;
    Petrica Vizureanu
    ;
    Petre Daniel Matasaru
    ;
    Blessen Skariah Thomas
    This article examines numerically the behavior of prestressed reinforced concrete slabs strengthened with externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) consisting of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets. The non-linear finite element (FE) program Abaqus® is used to model EBR FRP-strengthened prestressed concrete slabs tested previously in four-point bending. After the calibration of the computational models, a parametric study is then conducted to assess the influence of the FRP axial stiffness (thickness and modulus of elasticity) on the interfacial normal and shear stresses. The numerical analysis results show that increasing the thickness or the elastic modulus of the FRP strengthening affects the efficiency of the FRP bonding and makes it susceptible to earlier debonding failures. A tapering technique is proposed in wet lay-up applications since multiple FRP layers are often required. It is shown that by gradually decreasing the thickness of the FRP strengthening, the concentration of stress along the plate end can be reduced, and thus, the overall strengthening performance is maximized. The tapering is successful in reducing the bond stress concentrations by up to 15%, which can be sufficient to prevent concrete rip-off and peel-off debonding failure modes. This article contributes towards a better understanding of the debonding phenomena in FRP-strengthened elements in flexure and towards the development of more efficient computational tools to analyze such structures.
  • Publication
    Assessment on the performance of flat slab under service load and ultimate load using ABAQUS
    ( 2020-06-10)
    Shamshinar Salehuddin
    ;
    Zaini S.S.
    ;
    Nik Zainab Nik Azizan
    ;
    Nur Liza Rahim
    ;
    Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim
    ;
    Mustaqqim Abdul Rahim
    ;
    Asyraf Mamat Ghani
    The research carried out to study on the performance of the flat slab under the design load. The design loads consist of service load, 14.68 kN/m2 and the ultimate load, 21.31 kN/m2. The justification on the design load was from the car park. The Three-Dimensional (3D) Finite Element Analysis (FEA) were conducted to investigate their failures modes with the appropriate modelling of element, mesh and concrete parameter. The size of flat slab was 1200 mm x 1200 mm x 175 mm while the material parameters were the Grade 25 for concrete and S275 for steel. It is found that the improvements more than 20% to the strength of model flat slab with shear reinforcement. Another outcome of the study indicated that the punching shear location using the FEA was less than 250 mm from column perimeter which is within the two times the depth (2d) from column face as proposed by the Eurocode 2: Design of Concrete Structures.
  • Publication
    Effect of bottom ash and limestone on the optimum binder content in Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA)
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Nur Liza Rahim
    ;
    Syakirah Afiza Mohammed
    ;
    Noor Aina Misnon
    ;
    Nurhidayah Hamzah
    ;
    Roshazita Che Amat
    ;
    Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim
    ;
    Christina Remmy Entalai
    ;
    Deák György
    One of the most effective and simplest methods to minimize waste as well as reduce the environmental problems associated with waste disposal is by utilizing waste materials as a cement replacement in hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures which can provide the same or better stability as the conventional method. Fillers play an important role in the stability and strength of the pavement by filling voids between the aggregate particles in the performance of the HMA mixture. This research investigated the effect of the utilization of different types of filler (bottom ash and limestone) on the optimum binder content of HMA. Flow, stability, stiffness, air void in mix (VIM) and void filled with bitumen (VFB) were determined using the Marshal Method test in order to determine the optimum binder content of HMA for all mineral filler. The results of the Marshall test for each filler have been compared with the JKR standard specification. The optimum binder content for bottom ash, limestone and Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) was 5.42%, 5.65% and 5.54%, respectively. All values of mineral filler used meet the JKR standard specification, where the range is between 4 and 6%. From the result achieved, the bottom ash has the lower optimum binder content value compared to the limestone and OPC. When the lower binder content is used in the bituminous mixture, the cost for pavement construction will be reduced.
  • Publication
    Workability and density of concrete containing Coconut Fiber
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim
    ;
    Nur Liza Rahim
    ;
    Roshazita Che Amat
    ;
    Mustaqqim Abdul Rahim
    ;
    Woo Chin Kah
    ;
    Irnis Azura Zakaria
    ;
    Moncea Andreea
    Use of natural fiber in concrete to enhance the strength of concrete have been used widely and become as part of an alternative building materials. For instance, the use of coconut fiber (CF) which are non-hazardous, environmental-friendly and can improves the engineering properties of concrete. The aim of this study is to identify the workability and density of CF modified concrete. CF were added into the mixture in 3 different amount that is 200 g, 400 g, and 600 g. The size of the cube samples is 100 × 100 × 100 mm and were cured for 14 days, and 28 days. To evaluate the effect of CF in improving the properties of concrete, the properties of ordinary concrete are used as a reference which consist 0% CF. The fresh and hardened densities for all samples also show that when more fiber was added into mixture, densities reduced. As summary, the study shows that by adding CF in concrete reduced the workability and density of concrete.
  • Publication
    A Properties of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash (IFA) And Cement Used in The Manufacturing of New Inventive Blended Cement
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim
    ;
    Roshazita Che Amat
    ;
    Nur Liza Rahim
    ;
    Izzatul Nurain Che Sang Beri
    ;
    Syakirah Afiza Mohammed
    ;
    Zailani W.W.A.
    Municipal solid waste incinerator fly (IFA) ash is prone to accumulate high concentration heavy metals. Due to the increasing costs to treat remaining fly ash at the landfill, a lot of research has been done to recycle IFA. This study was focusing on the properties of IFA and cement as main raw materials in new inventive blended cement. The properties of blended cement were also being investigated. Properties of IFA and cement were examined through several test which includes density, specific gravity, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Loss of Ignition (LOI) and through Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test. The density test and LOI test were also being done for the blended cement. From the tests for IFA and cement, it can be found that density the density of fly ash and cement that has been used for this study were found to be 0.76 g/cm3 and 3.67 g/cm3 respectively. Then, the specific gravity of fly ash and cement were 1.69 and 2.98, accordingly. XRF results shows that both materials have highest content of aluminium, silica and iron, as expected. LOI of fly ash and cement were found to be 17.33 % and 12.33 %, respectively. In terms of the leaching rates of heavy metals (Mn, Ni, Cd, Cr, Cu), only Cd leached at rate 2.39 mg/L, which is above the USEPA's regulatory level, 1.0 mg/L. 5 %, 10 % and 15 % of IFA was mixed with cement to produced blended cement. As the density of blended cement, it was found to be 1.12 g/cm3, 1.08 g/cm3 and 1.09 g/cm3 for each of 5 %, 10 % and 15 % of fly ash in blended cement.
  • Publication
    Reclamation and Reutilization of Incinerator Ash in Artificial Lightweight Aggregate
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim
    ;
    Roshazita Che Amat
    ;
    Mustaqqim Abdul Rahim
    ;
    Nur Liza Rahim
    ;
    Abdul Rahim Abdul Razak
    This study focused on the reclamation of ash from incineration process and development of new artificial lightweight aggregate (LWA) that have comparable properties with existing natural coarse aggregate. The main objective of this study is to examine potential use of recycled municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) ash as raw material in LWA production with a method of cold-bonded pelletization. Two types of incineration ash which is bottom ash (BA) and fly ash (FA) were collected from Cameron Highland Incineration Plant, Malaysia. The properties of BA and FA are studied by means of X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and microstructure of these ashes were inspected using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The properties of BALA and FALA produced in this study is examined including loose bulk density, water absorption and aggregate impact value (AIV). From the results of both types of artificial LWA, the lowest loose bulk density of BALA is BALA50 with 564.14 kg/m3and highest is at 831.19 kg/m3. For FALA50, lowest loose bulk density is 573.64 kg/m3and highest is 703.35 kg/m3. Water absorption of BALA and FALA is quite similar with one another in with the value of 23.8% and 22.6%, respectively. Generally, FALA have better qualities of LWA comparing with BALA with lower bulk density and water absorption and can be categorized as strong aggregate. In summary, reclamation and reutilization of incinerator ash has generated acceptable qualities for artificial LWA. Both types of BA and FA shown a great potential to be recycled as additional materials in artificial aggregate production.
  • Publication
    Comparing the Physical Properties of Coal Bottom Ash (CBA) Waste and Natural Aggregate
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Syakirah Afiza Mohammed
    ;
    Mohamed Reyad Alhadi Ahmad
    ;
    Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim
    ;
    Nur Liza Rahim
    ;
    Roshazita Che Amat
    ;
    Samsudin S.
    Coal bottom ash (CBA) is a co-combustion product material, which may cause hazards to human health and the environment. Rapid growth in technology causes the increase of CBA waste and this situation led to a waste disposal crisis. Reuse waste material as an alternative material instead of natural materials can led to sustainable and environmentally friendly construction. The main objective of this study is to determine the physical properties of CBA and its suitability to be used as replacement material in civil construction. The physical properties test conducted in this research were aggregate impact value test, aggregate crushed value test, flakiness and elongation test. The results show that the ability of CBA to resist sudden shock and repeated load was lesser than natural aggregate (NA). The differences of aggregate impact value (AIV) and aggregate crushing value (ACV), between NA and CBA were 50.4% and 48.9%, respectively. In addition, CBA has higher amount of flaky and elongated particles compared to NA. The flakiness index value for NA and CBA were 7.12% and 26.10%, respectively while the difference value of elongation index between NA and CBA was 37%. However, even though the properties of CBA were not as good as NA, the results for ACV and the flakiness index of CBA meet the minimum requirement of Jabatan Kerja Raya (JKR) Standard Specification which indicates that CBA has potential to be used in civil construction.
  • Publication
    The stiffness of steel-wood-steel connection loaded parallel to the grain
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Nur Liza Rahim
    ;
    Raftery G.
    ;
    Quenneville P.
    ;
    Ing D.S.
    ;
    Nabialek M.
    ;
    Jaya R.P.
    ;
    Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Śliwa A.
    In Eurocode 5, the stiffness equation for bolted steel-wood-steel is stated as a function of wood density and fastener diameter only. In this research, an experimental study on various configurations of tested bolted steel-wood-steel (SWS) connections has been undertaken to predict the initial stiffness of each connection. In order to validate the Eurocode 5 stiffness equation, tests on 50 timber specimens (40 glued laminated timbers and 10 laminated veneer lumbers (LVL)) with steel plates were undertaken. The number of bolts was kept similar and the connector diameter, timber thickness, and wood density were varied. The results obtained in the experimental tests are compared with those obtained from the Eurocode 5 stiffness equation. From the analysis, it is signified that the stiffness equation specified in Eurocode 5 for bolted SWS connections does not adequately predict the initial stiffness. The results from Eurocode 5 stiffness equation are very far from the experimental values. The ratio of stiffness equation to experimental results ranges from 3.48 to 4.20, with the average at 3.77, where the equation over-predicted the experimental stiffness value for the connection. There is a need to consider or incorporated other parameters such as geometric configurations in Eurocode 5 stiffness equation to improve the ratio with the experimental data.
  • Publication
    Influence of Cement Paste Containing Municipal Solid Waste Bottom Ash on the Strength Behavior of Concrete
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Roshazita Che Amat
    ;
    Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim
    ;
    Nur Liza Rahim
    ;
    Khairul Nizar Ismail
    ;
    Ainaa Syamimi Abdul Hamid
    ;
    Boboc M.
    Cement in construction has become a vital requirement to build up the buildings, which may increase the expenses in construction. Materials that have the potential to replace cement would be proposing. This study used municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash (MSWIBA) as a partial replacement for cement. MSWIBA used in this study was a by-product from the incineration process and had compound content that was almost the same as cement. The treated bottom ash in the range of 0 to 30% and 10% of untreated bottom ash mixture use in this study. Mechanical and physical properties of concrete analysed with a few tests such as slump test, water absorption test, compressive strength test, heat exposure test and residual strength test after heating has proceeded. The workability of fresh concrete was measured by performing a slump test. Based on the compressive strength result, the 10% substitution of treated bottom ash was achieved the highest strength in testing in 7 and 28 days. Meantime, the control concrete obtained the best thermal insulator because of a smaller number of cracks on the surface of the concrete than that bottom ash concrete surface. After heated, the concrete was tested on compressive strength again to investigate the residual compressive strength. The highest residual surpasses gained by 10% bottom ash (treated) as a partial substitution in cement. Based on the overall test carried out, 10% of bottom ash replacement as cement is the optimum amount of bottom ash required to surpass the strength of the control sample.