Kamarudin Hussin
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Preferred name
Kamarudin Hussin
Official Name
Hussin, Kamarudin
Alternative Name
Hussin, K.
Hussin, Kamarudin
Kamarudin, Hussin
Kamaruddin, Hussin
Kamaruddin, H.
Husin, Kamarudin
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
16642513600
Researcher ID
FZF-9851-2022

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  • Publication
    Mechanical and microstructural evaluations of lightweight aggregate geopolymer concrete before and after exposed to elevated temperatures
    ( 2013)
    Omar Abdulkareem
    ;
    Mohd Abdullah
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    ;
    Khairul Ismail
    ;
    Mohammed Binhussain
    This paper presents the mechanical and microstructural characteristics of a lightweight aggregate geopolymer concrete (LWAGC) synthesized by the alkali-activation of a fly ash source (FA) before and after being exposed to elevated temperatures, ranging from 100 to 800 °C. The results show that the LWAGC unexposed to the elevated temperatures possesses a good strength-to-weight ratio compared with other LWAGCs available in the published literature. The unexposed LWAGC also shows an excellent strength development versus aging times, up to 365 days. For the exposed LWAGC to the elevated temperatures of 100 to 800 °C, the results illustrate that the concretes gain compressive strength after being exposed to elevated temperatures of 100, 200 and 300 °C. Afterward, the strength of the LWAGC started to deteriorate and decrease after being exposed to elevated temperatures of 400 °C, and up to 800 °C. Based on the mechanical strength results of the exposed LWAGCs to elevated temperatures of 100 °C to 800 °C, the relationship between the exposure temperature and the obtained residual compressive strength is statistically analyzed and achieved. In addition, the microstructure investigation of the unexposed LWAGC shows a good bonding between aggregate and mortar at the interface transition zone (ITZ). However, this bonding is subjected to deterioration as the LWAGC is exposed to elevated temperatures of 400, 600 and 800 °C by increasing the microcrack content and swelling of the unreacted silicates.
  • Publication
    Linear and nonlinear optical susceptibilities and hyperpolarizability of borate LiNaB4O7 single crystals: Theory and experiment
    ( 2012)
    Ali Hussain Reshak
    ;
    Xuean Chen
    ;
    S. Auluck
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    LiNaB4O7 was synthesized by employing high-temperature reaction methods. The purity of the sample was checked by x-ray powder diffraction. The optical properties were measured by analyzing the diffuse reflectance data which showed a band gap of about 3.88 eV. Linear and nonlinear optical susceptibility calculations have been performed using the all-electron full potential linearized augmented plane wave method using four different exchange correlation potentials. It was found that the title compound possesses an optical gap of about 2.80 eV using the local density approximation, 2.91 eV by generalized gradient approximation, 3.21 eV for the Engel-Vosko generalized gradient approximation (EVGGA), and 3.81 eV using modified Becke-Johnson potential (mBJ). This compares well with our experimentally measured energy band gap of 3.88 eV. Our calculations show that EVGGA and mBJ cause a blue spectral shift with significant changes in the whole spectra. The observed spectral shifts are in agreement with the calculated band structure and corresponding electron density of states. The tensor χijk(2) describes the second-order nonlinear optical effect and the symmetry allows only five nonzero components, namely, the 113, 232, 311, 322, and 333 components with 322 being the dominant one with a value 0.15 pm/V (d32 = 0.0733 pm/V) at static limit and 0.16 pm/V (d32 = 0.0795 pm/V) at λ = 1064 nm. For the dominant component, the microscopic second order hyperpolarizability, β322, was found to be 0.306 × 10−30 esu at static limit and 0.332 × 10−30 esu at λ = 1064 nm.
  • Publication
    The influence of Pre-Heated treatment to improve adhesion bond coating strength of fly ash based geopolymer ceramic
    ( 2018)
    L Jamaludin
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    ;
    A Abdul Kadir
    The study focus on effect of pre-heated ceramic surface on the adhesion bond strength between geopolymer coating coating and ceramic substrates. Ceramic substrates was pre-heated at different temperature (400 °C, 600 °C, 800 °C and 1000 °C). Fly ash geopolymer coating material potential used to protect surface used in exposure conditions after sintering at high temperature. Fly ash and alkali activator (Al2O3/Na2SiO3) were mixed with 2.0 solids-toliquid ratios to prepare geopolymer coating material at constant NaOH concentration of 12M. Adhesion test was conducted to determine the adhesion bond between ceramic substrates and fly ash coating material. The results showed the pre-heated ceramic substrates effect the adhesion bond of coating compared with untreated substrates with increasing of strength up to 20 % for temperature 600 °C.
  • Publication
    Optimization of NaOH Molarity, LUSI Mud/Alkaline Activator, and Na2SiO3/NaOH Ratio to produce lightweight aggregate-based geopolymer
    ( 2015)
    Rafiza Razak
    ;
    Mohd Abdullah
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    ;
    Khairul Ismail
    ;
    Djwantoro Hardjito
    ;
    Zarina Yahya
    This paper presents the mechanical function and characterization of an artificial lightweight geopolymer aggregate (ALGA) using LUSI (Sidoarjo mud) and alkaline activator as source materials. LUSI stands for LU-Lumpur and SI-Sidoarjo, meaning mud from Sidoarjo which erupted near the Banjarpanji-1 exploration well in Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia on 27 May 2006. The effect of NaOH molarity, LUSI mud/Alkaline activator (LM/AA) ratio, and Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio to the ALGA are investigated at a sintering temperature of 950 °C. The results show that the optimum NaOH molarity found in this study is 12 M due to the highest strength (lowest AIV value) of 15.79% with lower water absorption and specific gravity. The optimum LUSI mud/Alkaline activator (LM/AA) ratio of 1.7 and the Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio of 0.4 gives the highest strength with AIV value of 15.42% with specific gravity of 1.10 g/cm3 and water absorption of 4.7%. The major synthesized crystalline phases were identified as sodalite, quartz and albite. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image showed more complete geopolymer matrix which contributes to highest strength of ALGA produced.
  • Publication
    Effect of Solids-To-Liquids, Na2SiO3-To-NaOH and curing temperature on the Palm Oil Boiler Ash (Si + Ca) geopolymerisation system
    ( 2015)
    Zarina Yahya
    ;
    Mohd Abdullah
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    ;
    Khairul Ismail
    ;
    Rafiza Razak
    ;
    Andrei Sandu
    This paper investigates the effect of the solids-to-liquids (S/L) and Na2SiO3/NaOH ratios on the production of palm oil boiler ash (POBA) based geopolymer. Sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution were used as alkaline activator with a NaOH concentration of 14 M. The geopolymer samples were prepared with different S/L ratios (0.5, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, and 1.75) and Na2SiO3/NaOH ratios (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0). The main evaluation techniques in this study were compressive strength, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results showed that the maximum compressive strength (11.9 MPa) was obtained at a S/L ratio and Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio of 1.5 and 2.5 at seven days of testing.
  • Publication
    Effect of sodium hydroxide molarity on physical, mechanical and thermal conductivity of metakaolin geopolymers
    ( 2018)
    Nur Ain Jaya
    ;
    Liew Yun Ming
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Heah Cheng Yong
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    In the present work, the effect of different sodium hydroxide (NaOH) molarity (6M, 8M, 10M, 12M and 14M) on the physical, mechanical and thermal conductivity of metakaolin geopolymers (MkGPs) was investigated. Geopolymers were prepared by activating the metakaolin with a mixture of NaOH with sodium silicate (Na2SiO3). The products obtained were characterized after 28 days of curing. The density, porosity, compressive strength and thermal conductivity (TC) were determined. In general, the NaOH molarity has a significant effect on the compressive strength of the MkGPs. The highest compressive strength was 14.6 MPa achieved with 10M of NaOH solution. The thermal conductivity of MkGPs measured in this work was low in the range between 0.71-0.97 W/mK. NaOH molarity had a significant effect on compressive strength but a marginal effect on thermal conductivity of MkGPs. The thermal conductivity was mainly affected by the bulk density and thus the total porosity. The results showed that the geopolymer can be considered to be used as the thermal insulating material.
  • Publication
    Strength development and elemental distribution of Dolomite/Fly Ash geopolymer composite under elevated temperature
    ( 2020)
    Emy Aizat Azimi
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Petrica Vizureanu
    ;
    Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Andrei Victor Sandu
    ;
    Jitrin Chaiprapa
    ;
    Sorachon Yoriya
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    ;
    Ikmal Hakem Aziz
    A geopolymer has been reckoned as a rising technology with huge potential for application across the globe. Dolomite refers to a material that can be used raw in producing geopolymers. Nevertheless, dolomite has slow strength development due to its low reactivity as a geopolymer. In this study, dolomite/fly ash (DFA) geopolymer composites were produced with dolomite, fly ash, sodium hydroxide, and liquid sodium silicate. A compression test was carried out on DFA geopolymers to determine the strength of the composite, while a synchrotron Micro-Xray Fluorescence (Micro-XRF) test was performed to assess the elemental distribution in the geopolymer composite. The temperature applied in this study generated promising properties of DFA geopolymers, especially in strength, which displayed increments up to 74.48 MPa as the optimum value. Heat seemed to enhance the strength development of DFA geopolymer composites. The elemental distribution analysis revealed exceptional outcomes for the composites, particularly exposure up to 400 °C, which signified the homogeneity of the DFA composites. Temperatures exceeding 400 °C accelerated the strength development, thus increasing the strength of the DFA composites. This appears to be unique because the strength of ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and other geopolymers composed of other raw materials is typically either maintained or decreases due to increased heat.
  • Publication
    Strength development and elemental distribution of Dolomite/Fly Ash geopolymer composite under elevated temperature
    ( 2020)
    Emy Aizat Azimi
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Petrica Vizureanu
    ;
    Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Jitrin Chaiprapa
    ;
    Sorachon Yoriya
    ;
    Andrei Victor Sandu
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    ;
    Ikmal Hakem Aziz
    A geopolymer has been reckoned as a rising technology with huge potential for application across the globe. Dolomite refers to a material that can be used raw in producing geopolymers. Nevertheless, dolomite has slow strength development due to its low reactivity as a geopolymer. In this study, dolomite/fly ash (DFA) geopolymer composites were produced with dolomite, fly ash, sodium hydroxide, and liquid sodium silicate. A compression test was carried out on DFA geopolymers to determine the strength of the composite, while a synchrotron Micro-Xray Fluorescence (Micro-XRF) test was performed to assess the elemental distribution in the geopolymer composite. The temperature applied in this study generated promising properties of DFA geopolymers, especially in strength, which displayed increments up to 74.48 MPa as the optimum value. Heat seemed to enhance the strength development of DFA geopolymer composites. The elemental distribution analysis revealed exceptional outcomes for the composites, particularly exposure up to 400 °C, which signified the homogeneity of the DFA composites. Temperatures exceeding 400 °C accelerated the strength development, thus increasing the strength of the DFA composites. This appears to be unique because the strength of ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and other geopolymers composed of other raw materials is typically either maintained or decreases due to increased heat.
  • Publication
    Role of sintering temperature in production of nepheline ceramics-based geopolymer with addition of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene
    ( 2021)
    Romisuhani Ahmad
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Jitrin Chaiprapa
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    ;
    Wan Mastura Wan Ibrahim
    ;
    Fakhryna Hannanee Ahmad Zaidi
    ;
    Jerzy J. Wysłocki
    ;
    Katarzyna BÅ‚och
    ;
    Marcin Nabiałek
    The primary motivation of developing ceramic materials using geopolymer method is to minimize the reliance on high sintering temperatures. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) was added as binder and reinforces the nepheline ceramics based geopolymer. The samples were sintered at 900 °C, 1000 °C, 1100 °C, and 1200 °C to elucidate the influence of sintering on the physical and microstructural properties. The results indicated that a maximum flexural strength of 92 MPa is attainable once the samples are used to be sintered at 1200 °C. It was also determined that the density, porosity, volumetric shrinkage, and water absorption of the samples also affected by the sintering due to the change of microstructure and crystallinity. The IR spectra reveal that the band at around 1400 cm−1 becomes weak, indicating that sodium carbonate decomposed and began to react with the silica and alumina released from gels to form nepheline phases. The sintering process influence in the development of the final microstructure thus improving the properties of the ceramic materials.
  • Publication
    The effects of various concentrations of NaOH on the Inter-Particle Gelation of a Fly Ash Geopolymer Aggregate
    ( 2021)
    Alida Abdullah
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Zarina Yahya
    ;
    Wojciech Sochacki
    ;
    Rafiza Abdul Razak
    ;
    Katarzyna BÅ‚och
    ;
    Hamzah Fansuri
    Aggregates can be categorized into natural and artificial aggregates. Preserving natural resources is crucial to ensuring the constant supply of natural aggregates. In order to preserve these natural resources, the production of artificial aggregates is beginning to gain the attention of researchers worldwide. One of the methods involves using geopolymer technology. On this basis, this current research focuses on the inter-particle effect on the properties of fly ash geopolymer aggregates with different molarities of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The effects of synthesis parameters (6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 M) on the mechanical and microstructural properties of the fly ash geopolymer aggregate were studied. The fly ash geopolymer aggregate was palletized manually by using a hand to form a sphere-shaped aggregate where the ratio of NaOH/Na2SiO3 used was constant at 2.5. The results indicated that the NaOH molarity has a significant effect on the impact strength of a fly ash geopolymer aggregate. The highest aggregate impact value (AIV) was obtained for samples with 6 M NaOH molarity (26.95%), indicating the lowest strength among other molarities studied and the lowest density of 2150 kg/m3. The low concentration of sodium hydroxide in the alkali activator solution resulted in the dissolution of fly ash being limited; thus, the inter-particle volume cannot be fully filled by the precipitated gels.