Khairul Nizar Ismail
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Preferred name
Khairul Nizar Ismail
Official Name
Ismail, Khairul Nizar
Alternative Name
Ismail, Kahirul Nizar
Nizar, Khairul
Nizar, Ismail Khairul
Khairul Nizar, Ismail
Nizar, K.
Khairul Nizar, I.
Ismail, Khairul Nizar Bin
Nizar, I. Khairul
Nizar, I. K.
Ismail, K. N.
Nizar Ismail, Khairul
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
51161627800
Researcher ID
B-9259-2012

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  • Publication
    Microstructure study between lightweight aggregates and cement matrix
    (Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 2010-06-09)
    Khairul Nizar Ismail
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    This paper presents a study of lightweight aggregates microstructure using Scanning Electron Microscope with Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (SEM-EDS). This paper examined the topography of the interfacial zone and the characteristic of the surface pores of the lightweight aggregate concrete. The porous surface of LWA improved the interfacial bond between the aggregate and cement paste by providing interlocking sites for the cement paste forming a dense and uniform interfacial zone.
  • Publication
    A study of industrial water pollution at Kawasan Perindustrian Jejawi, Perlis
    (Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 2010-06-09)
    Khairul Nizar Ismail
    ;
    Juliana Abdul Rahman
    Hundred and ten water samples were collected for heavy metal and water quality analysis along Sungai Jejawi. Sampling was conducted four times over a period of a month, six times over a period of weekday and weekends and also seven times over a period of a week on December 2009. DR2800 Spectrophotometer and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) was used to determine Mn, Cu, Zn and Cr .All the selected heavy metal such as Cu (0.42 mg/L), Mn (0.178 mg/L), Cr (0.091 mg/L) and Zn (0.05 mg/L) had followed the Standard quality. For the XRF determination the trend of heavy metals in water system is Ru> Pd >P> Ca> Hf >Al> Cu >Fe >Os. This river was classified into class III, based on Interim National Water Quality Standards for Malaysia (INWQS) which is it can be use as second water supply, but it required conventional treatment.
  • Publication
    Fly ash-based geopolymer lightweight concrete using foaming agent
    ( 2012)
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    ;
    Mohamed Bnhussain
    ;
    Khairul Nizar Ismail
    ;
    Zarina Yahya
    ;
    Rafiza Abdul Razak
    In this paper, we report the results of our investigation on the possibility of producing foam concrete by using a geopolymer system. Class C fly ash was mixed with an alkaline activator solution (a mixture of sodium silicate and NaOH), and foam was added to the geopolymeric mixture to produce lightweight concrete. The NaOH solution was prepared by dilute NaOH pellets with distilled water. The reactives were mixed to produce a homogeneous mixture, which was placed into a 50 mm mold and cured at two different curing temperatures (60 °C and room temperature), for 24 hours. After the curing process, the strengths of the samples were tested on days 1, 7, and 28. The water absorption, porosity, chemical composition, microstructure, XRD and FTIR analyses were studied. The results showed that the sample which was cured at 60 °C (LW2) produced the maximum compressive strength for all tests, (11.03 MPa, 17.59 MPa, and 18.19 MPa) for days 1, 7, and 28, respectively. Also, the water absorption and porosity of LW2 were reduced by 6.78% and 1.22% after 28 days, respectively. The SEM showed that the LW2 sample had a denser matrix than LW1. This was because LW2 was heat cured, which caused the geopolymerization rate to increase, producing a denser matrix. However for LW1, microcracks were present on the surface, which reduced the compressive strength and increased water absorption and porosity.
      3  36
  • Publication
    Potential use of foam in the production of lightweight aggregate (LWA) and its performance in foamed concrete
    ( 2020-06-10)
    Mohamad Ibrahim N.
    ;
    Khairul Nizar Ismail
    ;
    Roshazita Che Amat
    ;
    Nur Liza Rahim
    ;
    Nazmi N.
    This paper discusses about the production and characteristic of lightweight bubble aggregate and foamed concrete. Lightweight aggregates (LWA) are produced by mixing an appropriate amount of foam and ordinary Portland cement and pelletized into assigned size and shape. Then, the characteristics of LWA are identified to ensure that aggregate produced can be categorized into LWA with acceptable qualities. For the foamed concrete, its performances are tested and studied by selecting five different percentages for partial substitution of LWA as coarse aggregate. Main aim of the research is to identify the characteristic of lightweight foamed concrete such as density, water absorption, aggregate impact value (AIV), compressive strength after using LWA as an alternative material for construction industry. This aim also in parallel to main idea of reducing the usage of natural coarse aggregate which is granite that is facing serious depletion. Three different percentages of concrete mixtures using LWA have been prepared that consist of 25% and 50% of LWA together with control sample that contained 100% natural coarse aggregate. These three different mixes are produced manually where the mortars, foam, granite and LWA were mixed together in mixer. The samples have undergone several testing including density test, water absorption test and compression test. Microstructure of the samples also was examined using SEM. From the results obtained, foamed concrete that were produced with 25% substitution of LWA showed the highest compressive strength of 10.74 MPa with density of 1735 kg/m3. In conclusion, LWA have shown promising potential to be used in the foamed concrete production.
      1  30
  • Publication
    Recycling municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash as cement replacement in concrete
    ( 2020-12-29)
    Roshazita Che Amat
    ;
    Khairul Nizar Ismail
    ;
    Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim
    ;
    Nur Liza Rahim
    Cement was a binder material that used in concrete industry. The cost production was very expensive due to the high global demand. Therefore, as a new alternative to replace the used of cement in concrete, which was bottom ash. The objectives of this study were to investigate properties of cement matric of concrete containing bottom ash, and to observe the ability of bottom ash as a binder. Based on the result on XRF, Ordinary Portland Cement and bottom ash had nearly similar compounds of Calcium and Silica. Results of slump test indicate that concrete contains of 10 %- 30% bottom ash cause the true slump. Determination of the capability and strength of concrete obtained from water absorption test. Percentage of water absorbed increases with increasingly of proportion bottom ash. The strength of concrete for compression test was 27.5 MPa for 10 % of bottom ash that achieved the targeted. Higher percentage of bottom ash replacement affected matrix C-S-H (calcium silicate-hydrate) bond. Interfacial transition zone surface and scanning electron microscope observations confirm these findings. Therefore, municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash can act partly replace cement in concrete but would not exceed 30% of usage.
      7  36
  • Publication
    Recycling fly ash from MSWI for artificial aggregate production for concrete
    ( 2020-12-29)
    Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim
    ;
    Khairul Nizar Ismail
    ;
    Roshazita Che Amat
    ;
    Nur Liza Rahim
    ;
    Mustaqqim Abdul Rahim
    This study focusses on the development of new lightweight aggregate (LWA) that eventually will have comparable properties with existing natural aggregate which is granite. The main objectives of this study is to examine potential use of recycled municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) ash as raw material in LWA production with a method of cold-bonded palletization process. The ashes are collected from Cameron Highland Incineration Plant, Malaysia that can be divided into bottom ash (BA) and fly ash (FA). This study uses FA as partial raw material to substitute the Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). The properties FA are studied by means of X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF). The LWA is fly ash lightweight aggregate (FALA). The production of LWA is based on cold-bonded palletization technique. FALA have experienced two different curing process for 28 days namely room-room (RR) and room-water (RW) curing conditions. The percentage of FA used in this study is 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of cement replacement and the size is fixed between 10 mm to 20 mm with circular shape. The properties of FALA produced in this study is examined including loose bulk density, and aggregate impact value (AIV). Other physical properties including colour and texture are also being investigated. From the results of LWA it is clearly seen that 20% FA were the best percentage of ash used to produce good quality LWA. Loose bulk density of FALA selected is 716.72 kg/m3 and AIV 13.80%.
      4  41
  • Publication
    Influence of cement paste containing municipal solid waste bottom ash on the strength behavior of concrete
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022-01-01)
    Roshazita Che Amat
    ;
    Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim
    ;
    Nur Liza Rahim
    ;
    Khairul Nizar Ismail
    ;
    Hamid A.S.A.
    ;
    Boboc M.
    Cement in construction has become a vital requirement to build up the buildings, which may increase the expenses in construction. Materials that have the potential to replace cement would be proposing. This study used municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash (MSWIBA) as a partial replacement for cement. MSWIBA used in this study was a by-product from the incineration process and had compound content that was almost the same as cement. The treated bottom ash in the range of 0 to 30% and 10% of untreated bottom ash mixture use in this study. Mechanical and physical properties of concrete analysed with a few tests such as slump test, water absorption test, compressive strength test, heat exposure test and residual strength test after heating has proceeded. The workability of fresh concrete was measured by performing a slump test. Based on the compressive strength result, the 10% substitution of treated bottom ash was achieved the highest strength in testing in 7 and 28 days. Meantime, the control concrete obtained the best thermal insulator because of a smaller number of cracks on the surface of the concrete than that bottom ash concrete surface. After heated, the concrete was tested on compressive strength again to investigate the residual compressive strength. The highest residual surpasses gained by 10% bottom ash (treated) as a partial substitution in cement. Based on the overall test carried out, 10% of bottom ash replacement as cement is the optimum amount of bottom ash required to surpass the strength of the control sample.
      2  3
  • Publication
    Strength and microstructural study of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (LWAC) using Lightweight Expended Clay Aggregates (LECA)
    (Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2020)
    Khairul Nizar Ismail
    ;
    Fatihah Halim
    Concrete is a composite material that consists of a cement and aggregate particles. Microstructure is the small scale structure of a material, defined as the structure of a prepared surface of material as revealed by a microscope. There is strong evidence that aggregate type is a factor in the strength of concrete. The objective of this research is to investigate the properties of concrete that are containing the lightweight expanded clay aggregates (LECA). Digital microscope was used to analyses the formation mechanism of microstructure in concrete. LECA were used in production of lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) with the size 50 mm x 50 mm x 50 mm. This paper deals with observation of the concrete microstructure to point out some differences that would be responsible for strength of concrete. The results show that, LECA has several improvements when compared with conventional crushed aggregate. The concrete specimens were used to validate the existence of an interfacial transition zone (ITZ) in concrete. The microstructure features are discussed with respect to their influence on the strength development of concrete.
      2  6
  • Publication
    Influence of superplasticizer on performance of cement - Bottom ash concrete
    ( 2020-06-10)
    Roshazita Che Amat
    ;
    Khairul Nizar Ismail
    ;
    Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim
    ;
    Azmi N.J.
    The issue related to disposing waste material from industries has become one of the major environmental, economic and social problems. However, natural resources consumed worldwide, while at the same time increased amount and type of the waste material has resulted in waste disposal crisis with a growing consumer population. Therefore, the solution to this crisis is recycling waste into useful materials. In this project, Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI) by product which is bottom ash is used as partial replacement in cement. However, its properties as water absorbent become the issue for concrete strength. This research paper is to investigate the influence of superplasticizer on performance of cement-bottom ash concrete and designed for strength of 20 MPa at 28 days will be evaluated for its early stage properties. Superplasticizer is used to reduce water in cement while keeping up a consistent workability. The percentage of replacement in cement is by 0% (control), 10% and also 10%, 20% and 30% with addition of 0.30% by weight of cement of superplasticizer. In order to achieve the objective, few tests were carried out including slump test, density test, water absorption test and compression test. The result of this research indicates that 10% of replacement of bottom ash with superplasticizer shows highest compressive strength with 33.215 MPa with density 2417 kg/m3, water absorption of 1.41% and 122 mm for slump loss at 28 days. This study proved that the addition of superplasticizer can increase the workability and strength of concrete containing bottom ash as replacement for cement.
      2  30
  • Publication
    Influence of Cement Paste Containing Municipal Solid Waste Bottom Ash on the Strength Behavior of Concrete
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Roshazita Che Amat
    ;
    Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim
    ;
    Nur Liza Rahim
    ;
    Khairul Nizar Ismail
    ;
    Ainaa Syamimi Abdul Hamid
    ;
    Boboc M.
    Cement in construction has become a vital requirement to build up the buildings, which may increase the expenses in construction. Materials that have the potential to replace cement would be proposing. This study used municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash (MSWIBA) as a partial replacement for cement. MSWIBA used in this study was a by-product from the incineration process and had compound content that was almost the same as cement. The treated bottom ash in the range of 0 to 30% and 10% of untreated bottom ash mixture use in this study. Mechanical and physical properties of concrete analysed with a few tests such as slump test, water absorption test, compressive strength test, heat exposure test and residual strength test after heating has proceeded. The workability of fresh concrete was measured by performing a slump test. Based on the compressive strength result, the 10% substitution of treated bottom ash was achieved the highest strength in testing in 7 and 28 days. Meantime, the control concrete obtained the best thermal insulator because of a smaller number of cracks on the surface of the concrete than that bottom ash concrete surface. After heated, the concrete was tested on compressive strength again to investigate the residual compressive strength. The highest residual surpasses gained by 10% bottom ash (treated) as a partial substitution in cement. Based on the overall test carried out, 10% of bottom ash replacement as cement is the optimum amount of bottom ash required to surpass the strength of the control sample.
      2  36