UniMAP RIS :: Browsing Publications 2024 by Issue Date

Publication

Design and Simulation of a Customize Three-axis Gimbal Structure using Finite Element Analysis Method

( 2023-03-01)

Kamaruzzaman M.A.

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This paper presents a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) on a customized three-axis gimbal design application. Examples of applications of the gimbals such as drones, camera stabilizers, and spacecraft. The SolidWorks software checked the gimbal’s FEA characteristics with no existing load or normal conditions. Using the FEA method, a static simulation analysis where the material of this assembly design uses Polylactic Acid (PLA), used mainly by 3D printer machines. The force is given to the gimbal structure and obtains the results of the maximum value of stress in MPa, displacement in mm, and strain. Thus, based on the results obtained from SolidWorks, the structure will not fail. The maximum stress value between parts is 2.31 MPa for the support part and 3.09 MPa for the assembly model when the yield stress value of the PLA material properties is at 70 MPa. The new design structure for the gimbal hardware focuses on academic purposes based on PLA material and is easy to build using a 3D printer. In the summary, the customized three-axis gimbal design using SolidWorks will not fracture when the design is in normal condition which has a total force of 6.87 N, which is equal to 0.70 kg at 3.09 MPa where the weight of the base, O-ring, and servo motors at the U-shape part. In addition, the design can hold up to 230.87 N, which is equal to 23.54 kg at 69.90 MPa of the stress value before it will fail at 70 MPa.

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Publication

An update on pathogenesis and clinical scenario for Parkinson’s disease: diagnosis and treatment

( 2023-05-01)

Adam H.

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Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath

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Nor Azizah Parmin

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Tijjani Adam

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Mohd Khairuddin Md Arshad

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Husein I.

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Uda Hashim

In severe cases, Parkinson’s disease causes uncontrolled movements known as motor symptoms such as dystonia, rigidity, bradykinesia, and tremors. Parkinson’s disease also causes non-motor symptoms such as insomnia, constipation, depression and hysteria. Disruption of dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic neural networks in the substantia nigra pars compacta is a major cause of motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease. Furthermore, due to the difficulty of clinical diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease, it is often misdiagnosed, highlighting the need for better methods of detection. Treatment of Parkinson’s disease is also complicated due to the difficulties of medications passing across the blood–brain barrier. Moreover, the conventional methods fail to solve the aforementioned issues. As a result, new methods are needed to detect and treat Parkinson's disease. Improved diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson's disease can help avoid some of its devastating symptoms. This review explores how nanotechnology platforms, such as nanobiosensors and nanomedicine, have improved Parkinson’s disease detection and treatment. Nanobiosensors integrate science and engineering principles to detect Parkinson’s disease. The main advantages are their low cost, portability, and quick and precise analysis. Moreover, nanotechnology can transport medications in the form of nanoparticles across the blood–brain barrier. However, because nanobiosensors are a novel technology, their use in biological systems is limited. Nanobiosensors have the potential to disrupt cell metabolism and homeostasis, changing cellular molecular profiles and making it difficult to distinguish sensor-induced artifacts from fundamental biological phenomena. In the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, nanoparticles, on the other hand, produce neurotoxicity, which is a challenge in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Techniques must be developed to distinguish sensor-induced artifacts from fundamental biological phenomena and to reduce the neurotoxicity caused by nanoparticles.

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Publication

Kinematics Mathematical Modelling of Lower Limb Exoskeleton for Paralyzed Stroke Patients

( 2024-01-01)

Rahman M.A.A.

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Chettiar V.C.K.

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Aman M.N.S.S.

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Chin L.C.

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Shafriza Nisha Basah

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Takemura H.

;

Yeap E.J.

This paper presents the development of a lower limb rehabilitation robot to be used with bedridden patients. Strokes are one of the significant causes of death in 17% of the 109,155 medically certified death in 2020 in Malaysia. In most cases, stroke paralysis affects the opposite side of the damaged brain, and any part of the body can be affected. 90% of stroke patients get paralysis to some degree. Patients can recover from the disease and restore body motions by undergoing paralysis stroke physiotherapy, which involves numerous sessions with patients. There were several successful robotic rehabilitations in recent years; however, their design is inflexible and large, requiring the patient to sit or stand in a static position. This project will be built on a motor-driven parallel architecture that will offer motion assistance throughout the human’s wide range of motion (ROM). This project development is divided into two parts: structure design and simulation. The design process for the lower limb devices used syncretization and mathematical analysis. The structure design is from the kinematic analysis. The mathematical models are then used to design in MATLAB simulation which is trajectory simulation. The outcome shows that the simulations that have been developed is compatible with the motion of human lower limb. This robot develops for bedridden use of lower limb rehabilitation exercises.

Publication

Isolation, screening and optimization of alkaliphilic cellulolytic fungi for production of cellulase

( 2024-01-01)

Zainuddin N.

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Makhtar M.M.Z.

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Gunny A.A.N.

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Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath

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Ahmad A.A.

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Pusphanathan K.

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Siddiqui M.R.

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Alam M.

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Rafatullah M.

This study concerns with the production and partial characterization of alkaline cellulase from alkaliphilic cellulolytic (AC) fungi isolated fromsoil in Perlis, Malaysia. The best fungi strain was selected on the basis of producing the highest cellulase at high pH conditions. Cellulase from the selected fungi strain was further characterized under saccharification but varies in operating parameters. Finally, the kinetic model describing the growth of the AC fungi strain was studied by employing the logistic model. Among the tested fungi strains, Basidiomycetes strain (BK1) showed high potentiality for the production of maximum alkaline cellulase production at pH 9 after 72 h of incubation at 30°C containing 6 g·L-1 carboxyl methyl cellulose. The saccharification process showed that the enzyme favour high alkaline condition and proves thermotolerant properties, while 15% (v/v) enzyme loading and 1% substrate concentration recorded the highest glucose production at about 1.2-1.3 mg·mL-1. The novelty of the study is to identify and optimize a unique indigenous fungi that emit alkaliphilic cellulase as alternative usage in biotechnology industries due to its capacity to adapt to the extreme conditions of specific industrial processes. There are revolutionary options for use in biotechnological businesses that involve high pH and therefore have substantial biotechnological promise.

Publication

SOSFloodFinder: A text-based priority classification system for enhanced decision-making in optimizing emergency flood response

( 2024-01-01)

Kamal S.H.

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Aziz A.A.

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Wan Azani Wan Mustafa

Flooding is a significant concern in nations with frequent precipitation because it can instantly affect multiple regions simultaneously. Due to the unpredictability of their occurrence caused by rapid water level rise, it is challenging to predict such natural disasters accurately. During flooding, prompt rescue efforts are crucial for the affected population. Due to flooded highways and residences, rescue teams may have difficulty locating victims. This hinders the potentially perilous and time-consuming rescue operation. To address this problem, we propose a web-based system that integrates natural language processing (NLP) with global positioning system (GPS) functionality. The SOSFloodFinder system provides automatic classification priorities for text messages sent by flood victims, as well as their most recent or current locations. The classification of text based on priority enables efficient resource allocation during rescue operations. In conclusion, this system has the potential to reduce future flood-related fatalities. Additional research and development are necessary to thoroughly investigate this method’s practical capabilities and effectiveness.

Publication

Enhancing Active Power Dispatchability of WTG-BESS Through Integrated Control Considering Wind Forecast Error

( 2024-01-01)

Suboh S.M.

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Sharma R.

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Tushar W.

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Ahamad N.B.

This paper proposes a new integrated control scheme for large-scale wind turbine generators (WTG) incorporated with a battery energy storage system (BESS). The primary goal is to improve the dispatchability of wind power over a wide range. The proposed controller consists of switching feedback controllers for WTG equipped with BESS management and is developed to systematically govern both systems for optimal regulation while ensuring safe operation within defined limits. A scenario-based switching logic is recommended to coordinate the hybrid systems, and a three-layer WTG controller is devised using a gain-scheduled control method. The suggested controller's performance is evaluated through simulation case studies, particularly in dealing with wind forecast errors (WFE) in the short-term dispatch scheme. To assess the proposed controller's effectiveness, a comparison is made against a baseline controller in three criteria: standard deviation (STD), mean ( $\bar {X}$ ) and an integral absolute error (IAE). These criteria help to evaluate the energy mismatch concerning the reference power command. The results are presented to elucidate the effectiveness of the proposed controller in regulating WTG-BESS throughout the entire operating region using a real wind profile from a wind farm in Australia. The findings show that the proposed approach has significant potential to enhance performance, leading to vastly improved wind power dispatch compared to the baseline approach.

Publication

Development of IoT-Enabled Smart Water Metering System

( 2024-01-01)

Wen S.D.

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Hazry Desa

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Muhammad Azizi Azizan

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Hussain A.S.T.

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Tanveer M.H.

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Patan R.

This paper introduces a smart water meter that utilizes the capabilities of the Internet of Things (IoT) to automate the collection of meter readings. The primary goal of this project is to create an IoT-based device for reading water meters, while simultaneously developing a compatible mobile application. Instead of relying on manual meter reading, which requires human effort, this project proposes the use of an IoT-enabled water meter to collect the data automatically. The device employs a camera and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for image processing, making it easy to detect the meter reading accurately. The IoT system architecture involves the use of an ESP32 CAM for data collection, a laptop as a gateway, and the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol for data transfer. The collected data is stored in Firebase's real-time database, and the mobile application is designed to monitor and analyze the data. A functional prototype of the device is constructed and tested in a housing area. The collected data is then monitored through the developed mobile application. Lastly, the data is analyzed to assess the suitability of the proposed method, and recommendations for future improvements are provided.

Publication

Risk Management Planning by Risk Register in Building Construction Project

( 2024-01-01)

Rani H.A.

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Syammaun T.

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Azzahra F.

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Afizah Ayob

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Mohammad Harith Amlus

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Zakirullah

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Aqsha M.S.

This research addresses the common issue of vulnerabilities emerging during construction projects due to inadequate risk identification and analysis. It aims to mitigate this by creating a comprehensive risk register, documenting potential risk events, their causes, and characteristics. The main goal is to identify prominent risk factors in building construction projects and develop a risk management strategy using this register. The study used purposive sampling and considered 22 indicators, including human resources, cost, materials, equipment, and environmental conditions. Questionnaires were distributed to 50 contractors in the Banda Aceh region. Validity and reliability were confirmed through statistical analysis. The analysis showed that human resources were the most prevalent risk factor. Using a probability impact matrix, five indicators had medium-risk levels, while seventeen indicated low risk. Human resources, materials and equipment, and environmental conditions were identified as dominant risk factors, all at a medium-risk level. The study underscores the importance of addressing human resources risks through a structured risk register, which can significantly improve project management and execution. By systematically assessing and mitigating potential risks, project stakeholders can make informed decisions and enhance project outcomes in terms of timelines, costs, and quality. In conclusion, this research highlights the critical role of risk management in construction projects and emphasizes the value of a comprehensive risk register. Addressing dominant risks proactively can positively impact building construction projects.

Publication

Predicting student final examination result using regression model based on student activities in learning management system

( 2024-01-01)

Pa N.N.N.

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Aziz A.A.

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Safei S.

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Wan Azani Wan Mustafa

Background: Learning analytics (LA) is the measurement, collection, analysis, and reporting of data about learners and their contexts to understand and optimize learning and the environments in which it occurs. Most teaching and learning (T & L) data was obtained from learning management systems (LMS), such as Moodle platform. However, this data is not utilized for teaching purposes, for example, learning how students’ activities can influence the final exam marks. Methods: Therefore, this study aims to find a correlation and develop a prediction model between students’ activities, independent variables known as LMS factors, against dependence variables, which are students’ final results. Besides, four non-LMS factors (race, sponsorship, admission requirements and final coursework marks) were also included in the research to obtain the best model. The regression analysis, models are used to predict the outcomes by evaluating the accuracies of testing data. Results: The findings reveal that the best model utilizes Simple Linear Regression (SLR) with coursework as an independent variable, resulting in an average error difference (AED) of only 1.8. The remaining experiments produced AED results ranging from 2.74 to 7.58 using Multilinear Regression (MR). Conclusions: in summary, this study provides a significant finding that demonstrates the potential of utilizing LMS activities to predict final marks, enabling lecturers to enhance their students’ results.

Publication

AC and DC anodization on the electrochemical properties of SS304L: A comparison

( 2024-01-01)

Azmi N.S.

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Mohd Nazree Derman

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Zuraidawani Che Daud

This study investigates the application of alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) anodization techniques on stainless steel 304L (SS304L) in an ethylene glycol and ammonium fluoride (NH4F) electrolyte solution to produce a nano-porous oxide layer. With limited research on AC anodizing of stainless steel, this study focuses on comparing AC and DC anodization in terms of current density versus time response, phase analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and corrosion rate determined by linear polarization. Both AC and DC anodization were performed for 60 minutes at 50 V in an electrolyte solution containing 0.5% NH4F and 3% H2O in ethylene glycol. The results show that AC anodization exhibited higher current density compared to DC anodization. XRD analysis revealed the presence of ferrite (α-Fe) and austenite (γ-Fe) phases in the as-received specimen, while both AC and DC anodized specimens exhibited only the γ-Fe phase. The corrosion rate of the AC-anodized specimen was measured at 0.00083 mm/year, lower than the corrosion rate of the DC-anodized specimen at 0.00197 mm/year. These findings indicate that AC anodization on stainless steel offers advantages in terms of higher current density, phase transformation, and lower corrosion rate compared to DC anodization. These results highlight the need for further investigation and exploration of AC anodization as a promising technique for enhancing the electrochemical properties of stainless steel.

Publication

An Insight into Enhanced Roles of Plant and Microbial Nanobionics

( 2024-01-01)

Thirugnanasambandan T.

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Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath

Plant nanobionics is an interdisciplinary field of science with the concepts of plant bi-ology and nanotechnology applied. The field is in the developing stage with various applications, including photosynthesis enhancement, light-emitting plants, sensors, and energy harvesting from plant organelles. For instance, advanced nanomaterials like carbon nanotubes are inserted in plant tissues to achieve various functions. The photosynthesis process can be enhanced by improving light absorption using single-walled carbon nanotubes that are impregnated in the leaves of plants. Plants are able to emit light when various nanostructures are encapsulated inside. Plant fuel cells can be constructed by embedding nanomaterials in the plant organelles for energy generation. On the other hand, various sensing devices have been developed for agriculture using plant nanobion-ics, which detect pollutants, toxic chemicals, and soil moisture. These devices are expected to be superior to the conventional sensors used in agriculture. Apart from that, microorganisms can be used as catalysts for energy generation and wastewater treatment in microbial fuel cells. In this study, microbial nanobionics are discussed for the nanomaterials coated on the electrodes of a microbial fuel cell to improve electron transfer and biofilm formation.

Publication

End-user perspectives on fintech services adoption in the Bangladesh insurance industry: the moderating role of trust

( 2024-01-01)

Hassan M.S.

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Md. Aminul Islam

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Abdullah A.B.M.

;

Nasir H.

This study focuses on understanding the factors that influence end-users’ (customers’) acceptance of fintech services in the insurance industry. The study employed a modified Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 model, incorporating perceived security and personal innovativeness as independent variables, and trust as a moderating variable. A total of 391 responses were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling in SmartPLS software. The study’s findings indicate that factors such as effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, perceived, and personal innovativeness positively affect users’ behavioral intention (BI) to use fintech services in the insurance industry. Moreover, BI positively influences the actual use (AU) of fintech services. Additionally, trust plays a positive moderating role between BI and AU. The results of this study have practical implications for academicians, researchers, insurance companies, and insurance regulatory bodies. Academicians and researchers can further explore the acceptance of fintech in developing countries based on these findings. Insurance companies and regulatory bodies can take necessary steps and formulate strategies to promote the adoption of fintech services in the insurance industry, considering the identified factors and the role of trust.

Publication

Investigating the Engineering Interventions in the Conservation of Malaysia Heritage Structures: A Review on Preserving Historical Edifices Through Advanced Civil Engineering Techniques

( 2024-01-01)

Muhammad Azizi Azizan

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Nurfadzillah Ishak

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Hazry Desa

This review delves into the realm of Malaysia's heritage conservation, spotlighting the transformative impact of advanced civil engineering techniques. Through the integration of Fiber-Reinforced Polymers (FRP) and nanotechnology, historical edifices are fortified, seamlessly blending modern engineering with architectural elegance. Non-destructive testing (NDT) methods, including ground-penetrating radar and Finite Element Analysis (FEA),empower conservationists with deep insights into structural intricacies, guiding targeted interventions. In the digital sphere, 3D laser scanning captures intricate details, while Virtual Reality (VR) simulations facilitate immersive exploration and informed decision-making. Beyond preservation, these technologies foster public engagement, ensuring a collective understanding of Malaysia's cultural heritage. This harmonious fusion of tradition and cutting edgeengine ering ensures the enduring legacy of Malaysia's architectural treasures.

Publication

R-Peaks and Wavelet-Based Feature Extraction on K-Nearest Neighbor for ECG Arrhythmia Classification

( 2024-01-01)

Khairuddin A.M.

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Ku Nurul Fazira Ku Azir

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Mohd Rashidi Che Beson

The aim of this research is to classify 17 types of arrhythmias by applying the algorithm developed from combining the morphological and the wavelet-based statistical features. The proposed arrhythmia classification algorithm consists of four stages: pre-processing, detection of R-peaks, feature extraction, and classification. Seven morphological features (MF) that were retrieved from the R-peak locations. Following this, another nine wavelet-based statistical features (SF) were gathered by decomposing wavelets in level 4 from the Daubechies 1 wavelet (Db1). These 16 features are then applied to the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) algorithm. The accuracy (ACC) of the suggested classification algorithm was assessed by using the MIT-BIH arrhythmia benchmark database (MIT-BIHADB). The experimental results of this work attained an average accuracy (ACC) of 99.00%.

Publication

Evaluating the SWS bolted connection strength of Bitis wood

( 2024-01-01)

Sukarman E.

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Karim A.R.A.

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Sa’don N.M.

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Abdullah A.A.

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Sahari S.H.

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Rahim N.L.

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Quenneville P.

The current study was conducted to evaluate the strength of the steel-wood-steel (SWS) bolted connections of Bitis wood. The wood was chosen because it is commonly used as the structural elements of the as-built floor and roof diaphragms in Malaysian unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings. This present work was performed to continue the initiation of the wood database development for the purpose of retrofitting the wall-diaphragm connections of the URM building. The bolted connection testing was the main experimental investigation, where a total of eighteen groups of different connection configurations were tested, each consisting of ten specimens. The embedding strength tests, moisture content and density tests were also conducted to determine the wood's basic properties. The results obtained from this experimental study were utilized for verifying the prediction effectiveness of the existing design equations, namely the Malaysian Timber Standard (MS544-5), the European Yield Model (EYM), and the Row Shear Model (RSM). From the comparison made between the prediction values and the experimental results, the MS544-5 was found to be too conservative, whereas a combination of the EYM and RSM is recommended for predicting the bolted connection strength of the Bitis wood.

Publication

Surface Functionalization of Magnetite Nanoparticles for Remediation Enhancement of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions

( 2024-01-01)

Solan T.D.E.

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Rozi S.K.M.

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Saleh N.M.

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Mohamad S.

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Ishak A.R.

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Rahim N.Y.

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Solan M.D.E.

Phenol is a toxic pollutant generated by industries. It can diminish the supply of clean water and is hazardous to human health. Hence, an effective abatement method is important to remove phenol from water sources. The following amine-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles, ethylenediamine (EDA), diethylenetriamine (DETA), triethylenetetramine (TETA), tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), and polyethylenehexamine (PEHA), were used to study the adsorption performances of phenol from the prepared samples. The morphological study revealed long rod shapes with rough and sharp edges, while the elemental analysis presented the addition of two elements, C and N atoms. In addition, the TETA@MNP possessed weaker magnetism compared to MNPs, showing that the surface functionalization of MNPs was successful. TETA@MNP showed the highest percentage for phenol removal compared to others. The TETA@MNP achieved a removal efficiency of 99.2% at optimum conditions of 60 mg dosage, contact time of 25 min, and pH of 7. TETA@MNP obeyed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm model, with coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.9765 and 0.9682, respectively. The reusability study has demonstrated that TETA@MNP can be reused approximately 6 times with extremely minor loss. Therefore, TETA@MNP is a good adsorbent for the adsorption of phenol from prepared sample solutions.

Publication

Investigation of Biosand Filter (BSF) on the Treatment Performance of Industrial Latex Wastewater

( 2024-01-01)

Najihah Abdul Rashid

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Abdul Latif Abdul Rani

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Mohd Firdaus Omar

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Zainol N.A.

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Salwa Mohd Zaini Makhtar

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A B Wahab M.

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Nabilah Aminah Lutpi

;

Farrah Aini Dahalan

Biosand Filters (BSF) has great potential to improve the water quality. BSF is used extensively in the treatment of drinking water in rural areas because it is affordable, simple to use, and has a high removal efficiency. This study used actual latex effluent to examine the effectiveness of SBR. The growth of the biolayer in the BSF is also observed. This study analyzes consistent and stable results for COD, DO and NH4-N+. With removal performance ranging from 87 % to 99 %. DO value for BSF varied from lowest value of 1.5 mg/L to 8mg/L. Overall, the BSF was capable of producing treated water for water reclamation.

Publication

Experimenting with Variable Arm Quadrotors: Realizing Dynamic Configurations for Enhanced Flight Performance

( 2024-01-01)

Hazry Desa

;

Azizi M.

This paper introduces two innovative concepts for variable arms designed for a quadrotor, enabling precise control of its movement through manipulation of the bending moment via varying arm lengths. The primary objective of this research is to develop and identify the most suitable variable arm configuration that facilitates smooth and stable quadrotor movement. The study delves into two concept designs that are well-suited for the quadrotor application. By employing a suitable variable arm, the quadrotor’s maneuverability can be effectively regulated based on the bending moment adjustments made possible by the variable arm. Ultimately, the paper presents the design and performance testing of two types of variable arms. The obtained results confirm that the variable arm of the electric actuator with linear guide-Type 2 exhibits smooth and stable movement.

Publication

Uncovering Anaerobic Hydrocarbon Biodegradation Pathways in Oil Sands Tailings from Two Different Tailings Ponds via Metabolite and Functional Gene Analyses

( 2024-01-01)

Mohd Faidz Mohamad Shahimin

;

Tariq Siddique

Oil sands tailings, a slurry of alkaline water, silt, clay, unrecovered bitumen, and residual hydrocarbons generated during bitumen extraction, are contained in ponds. Indigenous microbes metabolize hydrocarbons and emit greenhouse gases from the tailings. Metabolism of hydrocarbons in tailings ponds of two operators, namely, Canadian Natural Upgrading Limited (CNUL) and Canadian Natural Resources Limited (CNRL), has not been comprehensively investigated. Previous reports have revealed sequential and preferential hydrocarbon degradation of alkanes in primary cultures established from CNUL and CNRL tailings amended separately with mixtures of hydrocarbons (n-alkanes, iso-alkanes, paraffinic solvent, or naphtha). In this study, activation pathway of hydrocarbon biodegradation in these primary cultures was investigated. The functional gene analysis revealed that fumarate addition was potentially the primary activation pathway of alkanes in all cultures. However, the metabolite analysis only detected transient succinylated 2-methylpentane and 2-methylbutane metabolites during initial methanogenic biodegradation of iso-alkanes and paraffinic solvent in all CNUL and CNRL cultures amended with iso-alkanes and paraffinic solvent. Under sulfidogenic conditions (prepared only with CNUL tailings amended with iso-alkanes), succinylated 2-methylpentane persisted throughout incubation period of ~ 1100 days, implying dead-end nature of the metabolite. Though no metabolite was detected in n-alkanes- and naphtha-amended cultures during incubation, assA/masD genes related to Peptococcaceae were amplified in all CNUL and CNRL primary cultures. The findings of this present study suggest that microbial communities in different tailings ponds can biodegrade hydrocarbons through fumarate addition as activation pathway under methanogenic and sulfidogenic conditions.

Publication

Delaying the Ripening of Banana Fruit and Increased Storage Shelf-Life Using Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Oil (Menthol–Thymol)-In-Water Nanoemulsion Coating

( 2024-01-01)

Gidado M.J.

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Ahmad Anas Nagoor Gunny

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Sri Alamelu Sankari R.

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Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath

;

Wongs-Aree C.

;

Shukor H.

;

Ibrahim R.

Hydrophobic deep eutectic oil (menthol-thymol)-in-water nanoemulsion was developed to preserve the quality of banana fruit and extend their storage shelf life. Storage preservation of bananas presents several challenges due to their high respiration rate, ethylene production, and susceptibility to various physiological and biochemical changes. The storage shelf life of bananas is relatively short compared to other fruits due to the combination of rapid ripening and sensitivity to ethylene and temperature. In this study, the effectiveness of HyDEN treatment was assessed on changes in banana fruit’s physiological parameters such as firmness, weight loss, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and colour for 14 days storage time [25 °C ± 1 °C, 67% relative humidity (RH)]. HyDEN treatment preserved the physicochemical characteristics of banana fruit and was effective in delaying the ripening process. The storage shelf life of banana fruit treated with HyDEN increased for 14 days compared to control that ripened and physically damaged after 8 days of storage. This study provided a new delivery system for applying HyDEN as an edible coating to fruit after harvest preservation.

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