UniMAP RIS :: Browsing Publications 2022 by Issue Date

Publication

Rssi-based for device-free localization using deep learning technique

( 2020-06-01)

Sukor A.S.A.

;

Latifah Munirah Kamarudin

;

Ammar Zakaria

;

Rahim N.A.

;

Sudin S.

;

Nishizaki H.

Device-free localization (DFL) has become a hot topic in the paradigm of the Internet of Things. Traditional localization methods are focused on locating users with attached wearable devices. This involves privacy concerns and physical discomfort especially to users that need to wear and activate those devices daily. DFL makes use of the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) to characterize the user’s location based on their influence on wireless signals. Existing work utilizes statistical features extracted from wireless signals. However, some features may not perform well in different environments. They need to be manually designed for a specific application. Thus, data processing is an important step towards producing robust input data for the classification process. This paper presents experimental procedures using the deep learning approach to automatically learn discriminative features and classify the user’s location. Extensive experiments performed in an indoor laboratory environment demonstrate that the approach can achieve 84.2% accuracy compared to the other basic machine learning algorithms.

Publication

Fire exposure, impact responses, and burst tests of glass-reinforced epoxy (GRE) composite pipes

( 2020-07-09)

Abrar F.S.B.

;

Mohd Shukry Abdul Majid

;

Mohd Ridzuan Mohd Jamir

The paper presents the fire exposure, impact responses, and burst tests of glass-reinforced epoxy (GRE) composites pipes. Fire responses of three different fire exposure times (10 s, 20 s and 30 s) were conducted, followed by impact loadings. Three different energy levels (5 J, 7.5 J, and 10 J) were applied for impact responses and followed by monotonic burst tests. Monotonic burst tests were conducted on GRE samples using hydrostatic pressure testing equipment in accordance with ASTM D1599. The result shows that the longer the time of fire exposure towards GRE pipes, the higher the impact energy applied to the pipes, the lower the burst strength of the pipes. The maximum burst strength found decreased with an increase in the fire exposure time. The results also indicated that the strength of the GRE pipes significantly decreases with an increase in impact energy level.

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Publication

Assessment of a Self-sustaining Drainage Ditch: Water Quality Monitoring and Sampling

( 2021-01-01)

Amirah A.S.N.

;

Tan Wei Hong

;

Faridah Wahab

;

Allan Melvin Andrew

;

Nik Zainab Nik Azizan

;

Ragunathan Al Santiagoo

;

Shahniza M.S.N.

A research was to determine the water quality in the drainage ditch, and the area under investigation was in Kg Wang Ulu near Perlis. Five parameters of surface water quality physical and chemical characteristics were assessed, and pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) were analyzed. Water sampling was carried out during the time before planting, during planting and after planting in a single season. Results shown at NH3-N at point 1 varying from 1.18 to 4.82 mg/L, pH of 6.18 to 7.38, DO of 3.06 to 9.06 mg/L, BOD of 6.45 to 19.16 mg/L and COD of 18 to 28 mg/L. At point 2, 1 NH3-N ranging from 1.52 to 4.89 mg/L, pH values ranging from 6.13 to 7.38, DOs ranging from 3.19 to 8.63 mg/L, BOD ranging from 7.06 to 14.98 mg/L and COD ranging from 19 to 30 mg/L. Finally, point 3 results for NH3-N ranging from 2.50 to 5.92 mg/L, pH values ranging from 6.19 to 7.41, DO ranging from 3.06 to 9.06 mg/L, BOD ranging from 6.18 to 12.78 mg/L, and COD ranging from 18 to 42 mg/L, respectively.

Publication

Evaluation of fault location algorithm in distribution power system lines using differential equation method with fault indicator approach

( 2022-01-01)

Izatti Md Amin

;

Mohd Rafi Adzman

A malfunction in any electrical system network will eventually happen. Damage and minor problems are less likely to develop if a problem can be resolved quickly. As a general rule, fault location is a procedure of aiming the location fault at the maximum feasible accuracy. In order to locate faults in distribution lines for multi-ended power systems, this work provides a single line to ground (SLG) fault location algorithm employing a differential equation (DE) with a fault indication approach. The overall distribution lines modelcombines the generalized compact models of all homogenous line sections. Furthermore, this study approached fault indicator equipment as an indicator during every section fault. Hence, the ATP Draw has simulated the medium voltage distribution linesconsisting of overhead lines (OHL) and multiple underground cable lines (UCL). The evaluation of the method considered the parameter of fault resistance, fault distance, and fault inception angle. The results show that the fault location algorithm using DE fault location algorithm with fault indicator information produced the most accurate result.

Publication

Zero Index Metamaterial of Simulated Split Ring Resonator Element

( 2022-01-01)

Mohd Aminudin Jamlos

;

Othman N.A.

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Wan Azani Wan Mustafa

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Hasliza A Rahim @ Samsuddin

;

Alfilh R.H.C.

;

Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani

Split Ring Resonator of Zero Index metamaterial element has been proposed. The Split Ring Resonator consists of four loops; a more modest loop inside a bigger one, with openings, consolidated into each loop at the far edges, and an expansion of the rectangular loop to realize the gap (split) which permits control of the capacitance. The split ring is designed and simulated using sophisticated simulation software to have accurate simulation results. Two waveguide ports of terminals have been used within the assigned unit cell boundary for the simulated purpose. A parametric study has taken place for the width and length of the split ring resonator to find the optimized design to have zero index at the desired frequency of 2.7 GHz. The optimized dimensions of the split ring resonator are 7.29 mm and 6.0 mm for width and length respectively. The split ring resonator successfully recorded zero index (phase) at the desired frequency of 2.7 GHz for low-frequency applications specifically for GHz ranges.

Publication

Performance Enhancement of SAC-OCDMA System Using an Identity Row Shifting Matrix Code

( 2022-01-01)

Alayedi M.

;

Cherifi A.

;

Ferhat Hamida A.

;

Bouazza B.S.

;

Mohd Rashidi Che Beson

In order to face the shortcomings and problems, in spectral amplitude coding-optical code-division multiple access (SAC-OCDMA) systems, presented by multiple access interference (MAI) and its accompaniment phase-induced intensity noise (PIIN), limited capacity, etc., that prevent them to function effectively as well make performances poor. For these reasons, this paper offers a solution by proposing a novel encoding technique namely identity row shift matrix (IRSM) code based on an identity matrix and shifting property with target of beating the challenges aforementioned. Our proposed code is featured by zero cross-correlation (ZCC) property restricting the MAI effect as well neglecting PIIN which in turn positively reflects on system performance. Mathematical results appear the ability of IRSM code to improve the performance of SAC-OCDMA system as well outperform reported codes such as: diagonal permutation shift, (DPS), modified double weight (MDW), and random diagonal (RD) codes. For example, in term of system capacity, it amounts to 25, 48, 58, and 88, respectively, based on DPS, MDW, RD, and IRSM codes referring a remarkable enhancement. Additionally, mimic result demonstrates that IRSM code is suitable for attaining optical communication requirements through producing BER and Q-factor reach 10- 14 (≤ 10- 9 ) and 7.59 dB (≥ 6 dB ), consecutively.

Publication

Analysis on Single-Image Super-Resolution (SISR) Using Dictionary Learning and Sparse Representation Algorithm

( 2022-01-01)

Ng S.M.

;

Yazid H.

;

Mustafa N.

Image Super-Resolution (SR) is a technique in order to produce High-Resolution (HR) image from the corresponding Low-Resolution (LR) image by removing the degradation caused by imaging process of LR camera. In this work, a Single-Image Super-Resolution (SISR) image reconstruction scheme based on dictionary learning process with sparse representation method is proposed. As a result, the image quality of the obtained HR image decreased significantly with increasing of the upscale factor. Then, the analysis showed that the HR image obtained by applying the proposed work was able to produce a better performance in terms of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Structural Similarity Index Matric (SSIM) values as compared to the bicubic interpolation operation. Therefore, the work done in this paper is able to solve the LR problem in images by proposing a SISR image reconstruction scheme based on dictionary learning process with sparse representation algorithm. Lastly, this work can be improved by testing on different types of images such as biometric images.

Publication

Microwave Dielectric Properties and Absorption Analysis for Seashells Through Transmission-Reflection Method Using Waveguides

( 2022-01-01)

Cheng E.M.

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Tan W.H.

;

Tan W.C.

;

Lim E.A.

This work is aim to investigate microwave dielectric behavior and microwave absorption of seashells through transmission-reflection method using waveguides. Microwave dielectric and absorption characteristic are judged through the measured reflection and transmission coefficient via two waveguides in conjunction with P-series network analyzer (PNA) from 8.2 GHz to 18 GHz. Anadara granosa seashells are collected in this work for comparison. The measurement was conducted in various temperature, i.e. 35 ℃, 50 ℃ and 60 ℃. The sample was prepared in specified dimension, according to the operating frequency range. Results in this study reveals absorption coefficient is function of frequency and dimension. As the frequency increase, the | S11 | decrease whereas the | S21 | increase. Better absorption was demonstrated by seashells in room temperature than the heated seashell.

Publication

Breast Cancer Detection and Classification on Mammogram Images Using Morphological Approach

( 2022-01-01)

Wan Azani Wan Mustafa

;

Azmi A.A.

;

Mohd Aminudin Jamlos

;

Alquran H.

;

Wan Khairunizam Wan Ahmad

;

Ismail S.

;

Alkhayyat A.

;

Haron J.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women worldwide. Mammography is the most well-known and effective method to detect early signs of breast cancer. The purpose of this paper is to detect breast cancer on the mammogram image to classify the disease through morphological techniques. Using conventional methods makes radiology difficult to detect cancer found in the patient's breast. This proposal can be divided into several elements, which are input database, image preprocessing, image segmentation, morphological analysis, and object recognition. First, image preprocessing will be done using the Weiner and Median filters. Second, the thresholding method for image segmentation will be performed, and lastly, morphology will remove imperfections introduced during the image segmentation process. Finally, the image is classified into two classes: normal and cancerous images. A median filter and 0.95 thresholding achieve an accuracy of 93.71%, a sensitivity of 94.36%, and a specificity of 82.53% for the cancerous images.

Publication

Performance Analysis on Interpolation-based Methods for Fingerprint Images

( 2022-01-01)

Azam N.Z.F.N.

;

Yazid H.

;

Rahim S.A.

Image interpolation methods are a good approach to enhance or super resolve a digital image. But, there are surprisingly lack of use of these methods in biometric images especially, fingerprint images. In this research, we analysed is the most commonly known interpolation methods namely; nearest neighbour, bilinear, bicubic, and Lanczos interpolations to super resolve fingerprint images and compare the performance of each interpolation methods. Based on the results, the best interpolation is the Lanczos interpolation, followed by bicubic, bilinear and nearest neighbour interpolations.

Publication

Antifungal Activity of Essential Oil Extracted from Melaleuca alternifolia Against Pathogenic Fungi on Mango (Mangifera Indica L.) for Mango Postharvest Application

( 2022-01-01)

Ahmad Anas Nagoor Gunny

;

Seminai J.J.A.

;

Mohd Hishamuddin Che Mat

;

Ahmad A.A.

;

Yusof R.

;

Fadhilnor Abdullah

An infection by pathogenic fungi is one of the major problems in post-harvest stage of mangoes. Therefore, the extraction of essential oil from Melaleuca alternifolia is being tested as a natural fungicide for controlling fungus infections of selected mangoes locally known as susu mango. The extraction was performed using Solvent-Free Microwave Assisted Extraction with a yield of 0.57% concentration. The inhibitory effect of this essential oil against isolated fungi from mango was investigated through in-vitro and in-vivo analyses. Distilled water was used as a negative control while chemical fungicide (Globus 5.5) was used as a positive control in the analyses. The mycelial growth inhibition of the extracted essential oil for poisoned food test and disc diffusion method showed 62.50 ± 0.49% and 59.70 ± 0.30%, respectively, for in-vivo experiment which used unwounded and artificially wounded mangoes. The result also demonstrated that the essential oil applied on the mangoes could decrease the disease incidence from 100% to 61.33% for up to 10 days incubation at room temperature compared to that of the control. Hence, the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia can act as a green fungicide and is also a promising alternative to the synthetic chemical fungicide for controlling post-harvest disease on mangoes.

Publication

Performance of a Single-phase Grid-integrated Photovoltaic based DSTATCOM using Modified p-q Theory Control Algorithm.

( 2022-01-01)

Ridzwan M.A.H.

;

Nor Hanisah Baharudin

;

Tunku Muhammad Nizar Tunku Mansur

;

Kumuthawathe Ananda-Rao

;

Surina Mat Suboh

This paper investigates the performance of a single-phase grid-integrated photovoltaic based DSTATCOM by using modified p-q theory control algorithm. Previously, p-q theory controller has been employed for a three-phase DSTATCOM system. Thus, this paper employs a modified p-q theory control algorithm for a single-phase grid-integrated solar PV (GCPV) based DSTATCOM. Thus, the GCPV system has improved with DSTATCOM capabilities such as harmonic reduction for a single-phase distribution system under varying solar irradiances. The simulation results have been obtained by using MATLAB/SIMULINK software in accordance with IEEE Standard 519:2014, which stated that the THD should be less than 8% for the line current at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC). The performance of the single-phase GCPV based DSTATCOM has been analysed for dynamic and steady-state conditions under varying solar irradiances.

Publication

Temperature Distribution Analysis of Lithium-Ion Polymer Battery Surface

( 2022-01-01)

Murali Rishan

;

Zuradzman Mohamad Razlan

;

Shahriman Abu Bakar

;

Suffer K.H.

;

Ibrahim Z.

;

Wan Khairunizam Wan Ahmad

;

Mohd Rudzuan Mohd Nor

;

Muhammad Faisal Hamidi @ Abdul Rani

The main objective of this study is to investigate the heat load generated by the Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery during the completion of the cycle. Besides that, the objective is also to identify the most affected surface of the Li-ion battery towards the temperature during the charging and discharging process. An experiment is carried out for five different conditions of battery to obtain the data for heat load calculation purposes. The five conditions are differences in discharge ampere. From the result obtained there are differences in heat load generated by the battery during the charging and discharging process for every condition. Furthermore, the greater the discharge ampere, the lower the time taken for the battery to discharge and the higher the heat load generated by the battery. Besides that, an experiment to investigate the temperature distribution along the experiment is also carried out. Four surfaces of battery (front, right, left, back in vertical position of battery) are put into concern in obtaining the temperature distribution. Every surface gives a different temperature distribution during the experiment. Surface 4 recorded the highest average temperature distribution. Thus, the cooling system will consider the cooling capacity at this surface.

Publication

Detection of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Using Machine Learning Algorithms

( 2022-01-01)

Hdaib D.

;

Almajali N.

;

Alquran H.

;

Wan Azani Wan Mustafa

;

Al-Azzawi W.

;

Alkhayyat A.

One of the most common diseases in women of reproductive age is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). PCOS diagnosis can be tricky, because not everyone with PCOS has polycystic ovaries (PCO), nor does everyone with ovarian cysts have PCOS, hence the pelvic ultrasound as a stand-alone diagnosis is not sufficient. The full diagnostic plan is mainly a combination of a pelvic ultrasound besides blood tests of specific parameters that indicate the presence of PCOS. Since PCOS is a hard-to-diagnose widespread hormonal disorder, blood tests, symptoms, and other parameters with the help of a computer can form a new and easy method to diagnose it. Therefore, we had successfully built a high performing diagnostic model using MATLAB. The data was obtained from the website Kaggle, and the dataset is called Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. In this paper various machine algorithms were employed by utilizing seven classifiers. Results demonstrated that Linear Discriminant classifier exhibits the best performance in terms of accuracy, while in terms of sensitivity, the KNN classifier had the best result. Also, a comparison with four other research papers that exploited the same PCOS dataset was done in terms of implementation platforms, evaluation methods, classifiers, classes, accuracy, and precision of each classifier. Our research excelled among all in terms of accuracy and varied in precedence with precision. MATLAB had shown substantial results and a great model fitting embedded approaches, scoring a high accuracy and precision outcome compared to other studies. Other improvements on the overall PCOS prediction can involve employing preprocessed ultrasound images with the features presented in the dataset.

Publication

A Hybrid Optimization Approach for Power Loss Reduction and Voltage Profile Improvement in Distribution System

( 2022-01-01)

Noor Najwa Husnaini Mohammad Husni

;

Siti Rafidah Abdul Rahim

;

Mohd Rafi Adzman

In the past decades, the electrical power system is designed and developed to satisfy the owner demand that continuously appears in many variations. Hence, engineers have put their full effort to solve the problem associated with electrical power systems that come and might arise in the future. Therefore, distributed generation (DG) has been introduced to solve multiple electrical power system problems. The proposed methodology presented in this study focuses on minimizing network power losses, improving the voltage profile of system operation, and security constraints in a distribution. It is known that the location and capacity of DG play significant roles in the system losses in a distribution system. A hybrid metaheuristic nature-inspired algorithm is presented in this study for optimal location and sizing of multiple DG units. The best location and optimal sizing of DGs will be determined through Hybrid metaheuristic of Artificial Immune System Firefly Algorithm (AISFA). The designated technique will be tested into IEEE-69 test system using MATLAB software. For reducing the power losses, the simulation results have shown that bus 61 is the best location for reducing power losses and improving voltage profile in IEEE-69 test system in the preliminary result. By installing DG at bus 61, the real power losses improve about 89%, with a voltage profile improvement index up to 1.249099.

Publication

Potential of Pretreated Spent Coffee Ground as Adsorbent for Oil Adsorption

( 2022-01-01)

Nasaruddin N.F.N.

;

Hairul Nazirah Abdul Halim

;

Siti Khalijah Mahmad Rozi

;

Zulfakar Mokhtar

;

Tan L.S.

;

Jusoh N.W.C.

Spent Coffee Ground (SCG) has the potential of becoming a low-cost adsorbent for oil removal. However, the effectiveness of SCG as an oil adsorbent is limited by its hydrophilicity. In this work, chemical pretreatment of SCG with acid and alkali was evaluated as a means of enhancing its performance for adsorbing palm cooking oil. The surface morphology of raw and pretreated SCG samples was characterised using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The functional groups were analysed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. A comparison between adsorption performances was performed in terms of contact time in batch adsorption experiments to determine the adsorption capacity of SCG-based adsorbents with oil. The SEM results showed that more developed pores were present on the acid- and alkali-treated SCG samples compared to on the raw SCG sample, while the FTIR results indicated the elimination of hydrophilic cellulose and hemicellulose on these samples. According to these results, both acid- and alkali-treated SCG have better tendencies of adsorbing oil compared to raw SCG. The maximum oil adsorption capacity (2.549 g/g) occurred after 150 min of contact time between alkali-treated SCG adsorbents and oil.

Publication

Finite element analysis on structural behaviour of geopolymer reinforced concrete beam using Johnson-Cook damage in Abaqus

( 2022-01-01)

Nurul Aida Mohd Mortar

;

Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah

;

Kamarudin Hussin

;

Rafiza Abd Razak

;

Sanusi Hamat

;

Hilmi A.H.

;

Shahedan N.N.

;

Li L.Y.

;

Aziz I.H.A.

This paper details a finite element analysis of the behaviour of Si-Al geopolymer concrete beam reinforced steel bar under an impulsive load and hyper velocity speed up to 1 km/s created by an air blast explosion. The initial torsion stiffness and ultimate torsion strength of the beam increased with increasing compressive strength and decreasing stirrup ratio. The study involves building a finite element model to detail the stress distribution and compute the level of damage, displacement, and cracks development on the geopolymer concrete reinforcement beam. This was done in ABAQUS, where a computational model of the finite element was used to determine the elasticity, plasticity, concrete tension damages, concrete damage plasticity, and the viability of the Johnson-Cook Damage method on the Si-Al geopolymer concrete. The results from the numerical simulation show that an increase in the load magnitude at the midspan of the beam leads to a percentage increase in the ultimate damage of the reinforced geopolymer beams failing in shear plastic deformation. The correlation between the numerical and experimental blasting results confirmed that the damage pattern accurately predicts the response of the steel reinforcement Si-Al geopolymer concrete beams, concluded that decreasing the scaled distance from 0.298 kg/m3 to 0.149 kg/m3 increased the deformation percentage.

Publication

Comparative Analysis of 5-level Multilevel Inverter with Reduced Switched Topology

( 2022-01-01)

Arshad M.H.

;

Baharuddin Ismail

;

Muhammad Zaid Aihsan

;

Zainuddin Mat Isa

;

Siti Khodijah Mazalan

A new topology for the single phase 5-level multilevel inverter is proposed in this paper. Using multiple semiconductor switches and lower-level DC voltages as input, a multilevel inverter generates more than two voltage levels to achieve high efficiency, smoother, and less distorted alternating voltage. The conventional 5-level multilevel inverter requires 8 switches in configurations of two cascaded H-bridge resulting in cost addition as well in generating more losses in the circuit. The proposed topology offers the same 5-level output voltage with lesser power switches resulting in cost-effectiveness as well as improve the circuit complexity. The proposed topology is simulated using PowerSim software to testify its functionality, performance, and validation. A comparative of harmonic distortion between the conventional and the proposed topology is reported.

Publication

Mechanical Properties of Concrete with Activated Sugarcane Bagasse Ashes as Cement Replacement

( 2022-01-01)

Misnon N.A.

;

Khairuddin F.H.

;

Asri S.Z.M.

;

Nur Liza Rahim

;

Fikri R.

;

Osmi S.K.C.

Sugarcane bagasse waste is one of the biomass wastes generated in Malaysia. This study investigates the potential of the sugarcane bagasse waste to replace cement content in concrete mixtures by converting the bagasse waste into activated carbon ashes using physical activation method. The mechanical properties of sugarcane bagasse activated carbon concrete was carried out to determine the effectiveness of activated sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA) in the concrete mix by performing concrete hardened test i.e., compressive test, splitting tensile test and flexural test. The SBA replacement in concrete mixture showed a promising result and has a great potential to be pozzolan materials.

Publication

Blockchain based Secure System for the Internet of Drones (IoD)

( 2022-01-01)

Maurya S.

;

Rauthan M.M.S.

;

Verma R.

;

R Badlishah Ahmad

At present, drones are being used at a higher rate than ever. Frequently, they have been often used in military services. Therefore, it is the need of the hour to increase the smartness, privacy, and security of drones as they provide confidentiality and validity in the transmission of data. This research study has suggested and implemented a blockchain-based secure system for the internet of drones. It provides seamless authentication and registration for drones with better data storage security. The proposed method is evaluated on dummy drones to check the security and confidentiality of the system.

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