Now showing 1 - 10 of 108
  • Publication
    A triangular MIMO array antenna with a double negative metamaterial superstrate to enhance bandwidth and gain
    ( 2020-08-01)
    Ojo R.
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    Jamlos M.F.
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    Soh Ping Jack
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    ; ;
    Lee Y.S.
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    Al-Bawri S.S.
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    Abdul Karim M.S.
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    Khairi K.A.
    Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) array antenna integrated with the double negative metamaterial superstrate is presented. The triangular metamaterial unit cell is designed by combining two triangular elements positioned in complementary on the same plane at different sizes. Such design with more gaps is used to excite rooms for more capacitance effects to shift the resonance frequency thus enlarging the bandwidth of the MIMO antenna. The unit cell is arranged in 7 × 7 periodic array created a superstrate metamaterial plane where the Cstray exists in parallel between the two consecutive cells. It is found that the existence of Cstray and gaps for each unit cells significantly influenced the bandwidth of the MIMO antenna. The higher value of the capacitance will lead to the negativity of permittivity. The superstrate plane is then located on top of the 4 × 2 MIMO with a gap of 5 mm. The integration resulted in improving the bandwidth to 12.45% (5.65-6.4GHz) compared to only 3.49% bandwidth (5.91-6.12GHz) of the MIMO antenna itself. Moreover, the negative permeability characteristic is created by a strong magnetic field between the complementary unit cells to have 14.05-dBi peak gain. Besides that, the proposed antenna managed to minimize the mutual coupling and improve the mean effective gain, envelope correlation coefficient, and multiplexing efficiency.
  • Publication
    IR 4.0: Smart Farming Monitoring System
    The Internet of Things is the current and future of every field that effects everyone's life by making everything smart. The development of Smart Farming Monitoring with the use of the Internet of Things, changes conventional farming methods by not only making them optimal but also effective for farmers and reducing crop wastage. Therefore, Smart Farm Monitoring of IR 4.0 Implementation is designed to provide a system for monitoring environmental factors in farming in real time. This product will help farmers by creating an easy-to-use user view so users can view data. By implementing various types of sensors and applications such as Raspberry Pi 4B as its main controller, Temperature & Humidity sensor (DHT22), Capacitive Soil Moisture sensor, MQ135 sensor, Light Intensity sensor, ThingSpeak and ThingView, farmers will can monitor parameters and this data will be sent to the database for real-time display and storage purposes. The project is expected to create a smart environment conducive to agriculture and reduce labour costs and water wastage and increase productivity and efficiency. The system is achieved, as the intelligent monitoring of agriculture allows real-time monitoring with less time.
  • Publication
    The Development of an Interactive Animation to Prevent Social Media Fraud
    Technology is the creation, invention, methods or systems of something new that has the purpose to overcome human's limitation, so that the creation can help human to complete the task that they cannot do. However, the world is getting advanced day-by-day, and so do the online frauds, where it is getting more types due to the ease of these technologies. People would use these advanced technologies to scam others, especially through social media. Thus, the number of online scam seems to be rising, and it is an appropriate action that someone does to bring benefits only for themselves. This paper is about the development of an interactive animation to increase the awareness of social media frauds among people and ways to prevent it. Subsequently, we created an animation that can raise the awareness of social media fraud among people, and hence they can also learn effective ways to prevent social media fraud from happening.
  • Publication
    Simulation Study of Metamaterial Effect towards Ultra Wide Band Antenna
    In this paper, the design of a metamaterial ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with a goal towards application in microwave imaging systems for detecting unwanted cells in human tissue, such as in cases of breast cancer, heart failure and brain stroke detection is proposed. The metamaterial unit cell is constructed using circular split ring resonator (CSRR) technique and wire, to attain a design layout that simultaneously exhibits both a negative magnetic permeability and a negative electrical permittivity and attached as superstrate in front of the UWB antenna. This design results in an astonishing negative refractive index that enables amplification of the radiated power of this reported antenna, and therefore, high antenna performance. A Rogers (RT5880) substrate material is used to design and print this reported antenna, and has the following characteristics: thickness of 0.51 mm, relative permeability of one, relative permittivity of 2.70 and loss tangent of 0.02. The metamaterial antenna is design to be operated at frequency between 300MHz to 30GHz which is suitable for biomedical application such as Microwave Imaging. The overall metamaterial antenna size is 90 mm 50 mm 0.51 mm. The design and simulation has been carried out using Computer Simulation Technology Microwave Studio (CST MWS).
  • Publication
    Compact bidirectional circularly polarized dedicated short range communication antenna for on-board unit vehicle-to-everything applications
    ( 2020-05-01)
    Rahman N.A.A.
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    Jamlos M.F.
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    Soh Ping Jack
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    ;
    Hossain T.M.
    This article presents a newly circularly polarized (CP) antenna for V2X's dedicated short range communications applications. Its CP characteristic is enabled by a 70 Ω sequential phase feeding network and sequential rotation technique designed on top of the substrate. It has features of ≈90° phase difference in sequence between ports of S21 = 2.4°, S31 = −87°, S41 = −180°, and S51 = −276°, resulting in a 2.19 dB axial ratio centered at 5.9 GHz. The length of the SP feeding network to each ports designed in the different form of meander lines are the key to control the generated phase at the center frequency It also contributes to the smaller final size of 0.59λ × 0.59λ. The proposed antenna operated from 5.850 to 5.925 GHz with a gain between 4 and 6 dBi. The gains are radiated in bidirectional mode due to the presence of the complimentary dipoles located on the opposite side of the substrate. These features indicate the suitability of the proposed antenna in compliance to the ITS-G5 OBU V2X standard.
  • Publication
    Breast Cancer Detection and Classification on Mammogram Images Using Morphological Approach
    ( 2022-01-01) ;
    Azmi A.A.
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    Alquran H.
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    Ismail S.
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    Alkhayyat A.
    ;
    Haron J.
    Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women worldwide. Mammography is the most well-known and effective method to detect early signs of breast cancer. The purpose of this paper is to detect breast cancer on the mammogram image to classify the disease through morphological techniques. Using conventional methods makes radiology difficult to detect cancer found in the patient's breast. This proposal can be divided into several elements, which are input database, image preprocessing, image segmentation, morphological analysis, and object recognition. First, image preprocessing will be done using the Weiner and Median filters. Second, the thresholding method for image segmentation will be performed, and lastly, morphology will remove imperfections introduced during the image segmentation process. Finally, the image is classified into two classes: normal and cancerous images. A median filter and 0.95 thresholding achieve an accuracy of 93.71%, a sensitivity of 94.36%, and a specificity of 82.53% for the cancerous images.
  • Publication
    Smart farming monitoring using internet of things application
    The project proposes intelligent agricultural monitoring including water level control. The system is combined with technology that enables communication via the Internet of Things (IoT). Smart farming monitoring using IoT application is a system that can monitor the condition of water and weather. In this project, this system is using Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+. This IoT-based system consists of a soil moisture sensor, with three types of plants to provide input data to the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B + microcontroller. The resulting actions are three types of plants, one without water, one with enough water, and another with too much water in the plant, which can be detected using data when measuring the water surface to determine whether the plant has enough water or too much water.
  • Publication
    E-MEDIC: A mobile application for common medicines at pharmacy
    Humans' and the world's lifestyles have changed dramatically through time as a result of technological advancements. Communication technology has advanced swiftly in the contemporary age, making a significant contribution to human existence. Smartphones are one of the most useful technologies. Mobile apps arose as a result of the evolution of regular phones into smartphones. Mobile applications with various functions give varying levels of aid to human existence. This study aims to give self-medicating patients a guideline and correct content information of over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. Subsequently, it is to develop a mobile application for the medication (E-MEDIC app). Furthermore, it is to ease and save users' time searching for medicines content. The third objective is to evaluate the user's acceptance of the medication mobile application (E-MEDIC app). The qualitative methodologies utilised for the E-MEDIC mobile app included locating two specialists to conduct an Alpha Test to obtain their thoughts and selecting twelve respondents with relevant experience to serve as testers. The experiment includes several areas of the application's functioning, usability, and interface design. All respondents and experts agreed that the E-MEDIC mobile app's functionality, usefulness, and usability are excellent. The E-MEDIC smartphone app, which is based on this initiative, can provide accurate information and content specifics on over-the-counter (OTC) medications to self-medicating patients. If properly implemented in pharmacies, OTC medications, and public health, the E-MEDIC smartphone app offers several benefits. The results from this study are promising.
  • Publication
    Perpendicular High Isolation MIMO Antenna
    This research presented a perpendicular high isolation MIMO antenna for LTE advance application. A high gain perpendicular MIMO antenna is concentrated on designing used in LTE advance application. The issues of low isolation of conventional antenna can be solved by structuring a MIMO antenna in order to increase the isolation in LTE advance application. Generally, the array antenna design causes a bigger antenna size and has a mutual coupling which lead to spectral efficiency damage and reduce the MIMO antenna framework performance. The substrate material like FR-4 is choosing as a dielectric substrate due to its good performances for many applications beside it has a low cost and more usable. The advantage of copper such as has a great relative material, cheaper and easy to construct is choose in this project as a conductive material. ADS software has been utilized for the structure stage to design the antenna. Then, the results are evaluated in terms of return loss (S11 and S22), mutual coupling (S12 and S21), match impedance, directivity, radiation pattern, gain and radiated power. Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) is used to measure the fabricated antenna. The factor of cable loses and the soldering technique will make the measurement result was slightly change from the simulating result. However, the antenna design satisfied the proficiency necessity of the antenna which the frequency is drop at 2.5 GHz with the return loss is below than −10 dB.
  • Publication
    Pap Smear Images Classification Using Machine Learning: A Literature Matrix
    ( 2022-12-01)
    Alias N.A.
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    ; ;
    Alquran H.
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    Hanafi H.F.
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    Ismail S.
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    Rahman K.S.A.
    Cervical cancer is regularly diagnosed in women all over the world. This cancer is the seventh most frequent cancer globally and the fourth most prevalent cancer among women. Automated and higher accuracy of cervical cancer classification methods are needed for the early diagnosis of cancer. In addition, this study has proved that routine Pap smears could enhance clinical outcomes by facilitating the early diagnosis of cervical cancer. Liquid-based cytology (LBC)/Pap smears for advanced cervical screening is a highly effective precancerous cell detection technology based on cell image analysis, where cells are classed as normal or abnormal. Computer-aided systems in medical imaging have benefited greatly from extraordinary developments in artificial intelligence (AI) technology. However, resource and computational cost constraints prevent the widespread use of AI-based automation-assisted cervical cancer screening systems. Hence, this paper reviewed the related studies that have been done by previous researchers related to the automation of cervical cancer classification based on machine learning. The objective of this study is to systematically review and analyses the current research on the classification of the cervical using machine learning. The literature that has been reviewed is indexed by Scopus and Web of Science. As a result, for the published paper access until October 2022, this study assessed past approaches for cervical cell classification based on machine learning applications.