UniMAP RIS :: Browsing Publications 2023 by Issue Date

Publication

Design of Compact UHF-RFID Tag Antenna with Meander Line Technique

( 2020-03-20)

Fazilah A.F.M.

;

Muzammil Jusoh

;

Zakaria A.

;

Thennarasan Sabapathy

;

Ibrahim M.F.

;

Osman M.N.

;

Yaasin M.N.

;

Malhotra S.

;

Rahim H.A.

In this paper, a compact UHF RFID tag antenna that can operate at Malaysia UHF RFID frequency (860 MHz - 960MHz) is proposed. The antenna with a common geometry structure without any shorting pin consists of 90degree angled line (meander line) and double T-match structure. The proposed antenna has been designed and simulated using CST Simulation software. The proposed tag antenna design shows a good performance in terms of size, gain and impedance with a dimension of 36 mm 25 mm 1.6 mm. The simulated gain of antenna obtained is -0.135 dB at 910 MHz with 19 MHz bandwidth.

Publication

Modeling coupled electric drives systems using a modified narmax model

( 2021-05-03)

Mohd Zakimi Zakaria

;

Mansor Z.

;

Azuwir Mohd Nor

;

Mohamad Ezral Baharudin

;

Mohd Sazli Saad

The nonlinear auto-regressive moving average with exogeneous input (NARMAX) model known as one of superior type of models to represent a wide class of dynamic systems. In this paper, a modified NARMAX is proposed in modeling dynamic system. The aim is to investigate the performance of the modified NARMAX model and compared to the conventional NARMAX model for modeling CE8 coupled electric drives system. Multi-objective optimization differential evolution (MOODE) algorithm is used as a model structure selection algorithm to obtain the final model from both approached models. Model predicted output (MPO) test is applied in order to reveal the performance of each model. Through the MPO test, it is concluded that the modified NARMAX model offers a better predicted output than conventional NARMAX model.

2

Publication

Critical heat flux and Leidenfrost temperature on Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) - constructed hemispherical surface

( 2021-10-01)

Suhaimi Illias

;

Suhaila Hussain

;

Rosman N.A.

;

Mohamad Ezral Baharudin

;

Shaiful A.I.M.

;

Ismail K.A.

;

Ani M.H.

This paper reports a Leidenfrost temperature on hemispherical surface constructed by Electrical discharge machining or known as EDM. We focus our study on the droplet evaporation lifetime to investigate and identify the Leidenfrost temperature. Three (3) different types of materials were selected i. e such as Brass (Br), Aluminum (Al) and Copper (Cu). Meanwhile, ethanol liquid has been chosen as the test liquid. Ethanol liquid was elected due to its low boiling point of approximately 78 °C. The droplet impact velocity and droplet diameter was approximately 1.129 m/s and 3.476 mm, respectively. As a result, we finally succeeded in determining the Leidenfrost temperature for all materials mentioned above. On top of that, all the Leidenfrost temperature results, TL were close to the superheat limit temperature of ethanol liquid, TSL which is about 197.8 °C.

2

Publication

A Review on Edge Detection on Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) Image using Fuzzy Logic

( 2021-11-25)

Zaki M.Z.A.A.

;

Mohd Hanafi Mat Som

;

Yazid H.

;

Khairul Salleh Basaruddin

;

Shafriza Nisha Basah

;

Ali M.S.A.M.

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a bone disorder that causes bone to be brittle and easy to fracture. The patient suffered from this disease will have poor quality of life. Simulation on the bone fracture risk would help medical doctors to make decision in their diagnosis. Detection of edges from the OI images is very important as it helps radiologist to segmentize cortical and cancellous bone to make a good 3D bone model for analysis. The purpose of this paper is to review the fundamentals of fuzzy logic in edge detection of OI bone as it is yet to be implemented. Several fuzzy logic concepts are reviewed by previous studies which include fuzziness, membership functions and fuzzy sets regarding digital images. The OI images were produced by modalities such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Ultrasound, or Computed Tomography (CT). In summary, researchers from the reviewed papers concluded that fuzzy logic can be implemented to detect edges in noisy clinical images.

2

Publication

In vitro Cytotoxic Activities, Molecular Docking and Density Functional Theory (DFT) Evaluation of Chalcone Derived Pyrazolines

( 2022-04-01)

Farooq S.

;

Ngaini Z.

;

Hwang S.S.

;

Choo D.C.Y.

;

Adibah Izzati Daud

;

Khairul W.M.

Chalcone natural products modified drugs are a significant tool for the pharmaceutical industry to cure cancer. Numerous cytotoxic drugs have some drawbacks such as toxicity effect, high cost, less bioavailability, poor selectivity and drug resistance properties. The production of effective and high potent cytotoxic agents has become a challenge nowadays. For all compounds (1a–f), (2a–f) and (3a–f) in vitro cytotoxic activities were evaluated through MTS assay, where (3a) and (3e) exhibited potent activities against nasopharyngeal cell line HK-1 with IC50 7.7 mM and 7.3 mM, respectively, compared to cisplatin IC50 8.9 mM. The molecular docking interaction studies against 5IKR target protein and DFT evaluations via Gaussian 09 software exhibited the binding affinity – 10.4 kcal/mol and energy gap 4.46 eV respectively, supported the potential pyrazoline as anticancer drugs. This current study is a significant breakthrough in the drug design process that contributes to the development of new in vitro cytotoxic drugs with excellent properties.

Publication

Utilization of Seaweed (Gracilaria sp.) Liquid as Cost-Effective Macronutrients and Micronutrients for Bioethanol Production

( 2023-01-01)

Zakaria N.Z.I.

;

Ahmad Anas Nagoor Gunny

;

Dzahir M.I.H.M.

;

Ahmad A.A.

;

Ismail K.S.K.

;

Mahmod S.S.

;

Javed M.

;

B.-Yazdi N.

;

Saifuddin M.N.A.A.

Seaweed liquid waste from filter-squeezed drying process of Gracilaria sp. causes an unpleasant odour to the environment. Although this waste can partially be used as biofertilizer and heavy metals adsorbent, a bigger portion of the waste remains unutilized thus causing a problem to the environment. The present study aimed to utilize seaweed liquid waste as a supplement in fermentation media. To achieve this aim, Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a famous bioethanol producer was used to examine the ability of seaweed liquid to supply macronutrients and micronutrients in the media to produce ethanol. Interestingly, when used as a supplement in the fermentation media to produce ethanol, the liquid boosted ethanol production three folds from 200 mg/L of 2 % glucose alone to 600 mg/L of 2 % glucose in liquid. Additionally, the liquid was able to substitute yeast extract and peptone within YPD media to produce 647.48 mg/L ethanol as compared to only 542.39 mg/L with normal YPD which contains yeast extract and peptone. For that reason, the utilization of seaweed liquid as the supplement in the medium should be considered as an alternative cost-effective media for enhancing ethanol production without the addition of other nutrients.

Publication

Effect of Different Etching Time on Fabrication of an Optoelectronic Device Based on GaN/Psi

( 2023-01-01)

Jabbar H.D.

;

Fakhri M.A.

;

Razzaq M.J.A.

;

Omar S. Dahham

;

Salim E.T.

;

Alsultany F.H.

;

Uda Hashim

Gallium nitride (GaN)/porous silicon (PSi) film was prepared using a pulsed laser deposition method and 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser for optoelectronic applications and a series of Psi substrates were fabricated using a photoelec-trochemical etching method assisted by laser at different etching times for 2.5–15 min at 2.5 min intervals. X-ray diffraction, room-temperature photoluminescence, atomic force microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy images, and electrical characteristics in the prepared GaN on the Psi film were investigated. The opti-mum Psi substrate was obtained under the following conditions: 10 min, 10 mA/cm2, and 24% hydrofluoric acid. The substrate exhibited two highly cubic crystalline structures at (200) and (400) orientations and yellow visible band photoluminescence, and homogeneous pores formed over the entire surface. The pores had steep oval shapes and were accompanied by small dark pores that appeared topographically and morphologically. The GaN/Psi film fabricated through PLD exhibited a high and hexagonal crystallographic texture in the (002) plane. Spectroscopic properties results revealed that the photoluminescence emission of the deposited nano-GaN films was in the ultraviolet band (374 nm) related to GaN material and in the near-infrared band (730 nm) related to the Psi substrate. The topographical and morphological results of the GaN films confirmed that the deposited film contained spherical grains with an average diameter of 51.8 nm and surface roughness of 4.8 nm. The GaN/Psi surface showed a cauliflower-like morphology, and the built-in voltage decreased from 3.4 to 2.7 eV after deposi-tion. The fabricated GaN/Psi film exhibited good electrical characteristics.

Publication

Application of natural zeolite clinoptilolite for the removal of ammonia in wastewater

( 2023-01-01)

Adam M.R.

;

Othman M.H.D.

;

Hubadillah S.K.

;

Abd Aziz M.H.

;

Mohd Riduan Jamalludin

This work intends the characterization of the natural zeolite clinoptilolite and its capability in removing the ammonia in wastewater. The natural zeolite clinoptilolite was characterized using transmittance electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and zeta potential prior to the adsorption process. The results showed that the natural zeolite clinoptilolite possessed the lamellar and needle-like structure thus giving the highest surface area for effective adsorption. The main constituent of the element consisted of natural zeolite clinoptilolite is known to have a high affinity towards ammonia. Additionally, the zeta potential analysis has shown that natural zeolite clinoptilolite is negatively charged in all media pH with the highest negative potential of −30 mV recorded at pH 7 thus, contributing to the highly effective electrostatic interaction with the contaminants’ cations. Consequently, the excellent performance in removing ammonia of up to 82.97 % has revealed that the natural zeolite clinoptilolite has a great potential to be developed as a synergized adsorptive ceramic membrane that is combining the adsorption and the filtration of water simultaneously.

Publication

Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality: Transforming the Future of Psychological and Medical Sciences

( 2023-01-01)

Singh G.

;

Kataria A.

;

Jangra S.

;

Dutta R.

;

Mantri A.

;

Sandhu J.K.

;

Thennarasan Sabapathy

94With the advent of immersive technologies, it is possible to create unique experiences by combining the physical world with digital reality. Augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR) are examples of digital technologies and affordances that replicate reality in various ways. Immersive technologies in medical science, psychology, and clinical research can help doctors, surgeons, and patients by providing extended reality views. Immersive technologies such as VR and AR play a significant role in developing a stimulating environment. A stimulating environment can help doctors perform surgeries, children with autism disorder develop their communication skills, and psychologists provide simulated situations to patients suffering from different neurological disorders. AR and VR can take patients into similar situations when they face panic attacks, anxiety, and phobia in a controlled manner, which further helps them overcome the situations in real life. In this paper, the possibilities of AR and VR interventions for providing unique solutions in medical science, clinical research, psychology, and neurological disorders are discussed. The most recent studies were selected based on users’ medical and disability needs, and an overview of past research was presented in terms of current work, benefits, obstacles, and opportunities for future work.

Publication

Design of a 1-Bit Programmable Coding Unit Cell Beamforming Metasurface

( 2023-01-01)

Johari S.

;

Amri M.M.

;

Mohamed Nasrun Osman

;

Arif Mawardi Ismail

;

Muzammil Jusoh

;

Rahim M.K.A.

Traditional phased array antennas rely on costly phase shifters to steer beams by manipulating the phase of induced currents in each antenna element. In this study, we introduce a 1-bit coding metasurface as an alternative to traditional phased array antennas for beam control and modulation of electromagnetic waves. The metasurface operates at 5.8 GHz and consists of digitally controlled unit cells, each incorporating a pin diode. These diodes enable binary coding states of "1" and "0" with a significant 180-degree phase difference. The unit cell, with a dimension of 0.81λ x 0.81λ, comprises two metal patches separated by the pin diode on an FR-4 substrate. Simulation results demonstrate the distinct behavior of the metasurface, with the off-state exhibiting a reflection amplitude response of 1.8dB and the on-state showing a reduced amplitude due to on-resistance. The far-field patterns obtained from the simulations clearly indicate a 90-degree change in the radiation pattern between bit "0" and bit "1." This innovative design offers a cost-effective solution for beam control and versatile electromagnetic wave modulation, making it suitable for various applications, including beamforming in radar and communication systems.

Publication

IR 4.0: Smart Farming Monitoring System

( 2023-01-01)

Nasir M.F.

;

Mohd Aminudin Jamlos

;

Wan Azani Wan Mustafa

;

Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani

;

Muhammad Zaid Aihsan

;

Habelalmateen M.I.

;

Ramadan G.M.

The Internet of Things is the current and future of every field that effects everyone's life by making everything smart. The development of Smart Farming Monitoring with the use of the Internet of Things, changes conventional farming methods by not only making them optimal but also effective for farmers and reducing crop wastage. Therefore, Smart Farm Monitoring of IR 4.0 Implementation is designed to provide a system for monitoring environmental factors in farming in real time. This product will help farmers by creating an easy-to-use user view so users can view data. By implementing various types of sensors and applications such as Raspberry Pi 4B as its main controller, Temperature & Humidity sensor (DHT22), Capacitive Soil Moisture sensor, MQ135 sensor, Light Intensity sensor, ThingSpeak and ThingView, farmers will can monitor parameters and this data will be sent to the database for real-time display and storage purposes. The project is expected to create a smart environment conducive to agriculture and reduce labour costs and water wastage and increase productivity and efficiency. The system is achieved, as the intelligent monitoring of agriculture allows real-time monitoring with less time.

Publication

A 0.89 to 2.1 GHz Tunable Power Amplifier for Multi-band Transmitter

( 2023-01-01)

Sapawi R.

;

Kipli K.

;

Julai N.

;

Hong Ping K.

;

Sohiful Anuar Zainol Murad

;

Awg Salleh D.N.S.

This paper presents a multi-band power amplifier by using Benzocyclobutene inductor and tunable barium strontium titanate capacitor to achieve high quality (Q) factor to improve narrow bandwidth in tunable of power amplifier. The proposed power amplifier employed two stages with resistive shunt feedback at the input stage to provide a broadband gain and steady wideband input matching. Tunable frequency range from 0.89 GHz to 2.1 GHz is conducted by tunable BST capacitor from 1 pF to 20 pF. The tunable power amplifier achieves high power gain, good input and output matching, low power consumption and good power added efficiency over all frequency range of interest. It can be concluded that the proposed multi-band power amplifier is quite promising for future mobile terminals application.

Publication

Low loss waveguide-based Butler matrix with iris coupling control method for millimeterwave applications

( 2023-01-01)

Almeshehe M.W.

;

Murad N.A.

;

Rahim M.K.A.

;

Ayop O.

;

Zubir F.

;

Aziz M.Z.A.A.

;

Mohamed Nasrun Osman

;

Majid H.A.

This paper proposes a low loss 4 × 4 Butler matrix based on rectangular waveguide cavity resonators technology for millimeterwave beamforming network using iris coupling method. This method has the advantage of controlling the electrical fields and the coupling factor inside a complex medium such as waveguide cavity resonators. The coupling factor of 6 dB for 4 × 4 Butler matrix is achieved by tuning the iris coupling k-value between the waveguide cavity resonators. Thus, avoiding a higher phase difference losses and component losses at upper millimeterwave bands. To validate the proposed method, CST software simulations are performed under several iris coupling k-values to achieve a 6 dB coupling factor. Then, the proposed 4 × 4 Butler matrix is 3D metal printed using selective laser melting (SLM) technique. The measured reflection and isolation coefficients are observed below −10 dB, with coupling coefficients ranging between −6 and −7 dB. The phase differences of −42.02°, 42.02°, −130.95°, and 133.3° are achieved at the outputs. It confirmed that using this proposed method has the superiority over the conventional microstrip and waveguide coupling methods by a 1 dB coupling factor loss and a 3° phase difference error.

Publication

Impact of Vibration Exciter on the Partial Discharge Characteristics in XLPE Cable

( 2023-01-01)

Laili M.S.

;

Abdul Halim M.H.A.

;

Syahrun Nizam Md Arshad @ Hashim

;

Isa M.

;

Zakaria Z.N.B.

In power transmission, the durability and efficiency of power cables are significantly influenced by mechanical stresses. Mechanical stresses like vibration, torsion, and bending can cause fatigue in power cable insulation, leading to cracks and partial discharge. This phenomenon can affect the insulation performance of the cable. The study aims to correlate the relationship between vibration and PD, and how vibration strength and frequency influence PD occurrence. The measurements used a vibration exciter to simulate environmental vibration of 30 Hz, 50 Hz, and 70 Hz. A 20 pC PD signal was injected to the XLPE cable and the measurements were measured by HFCT and Rogowski coil sensors. The results showed a significant increase in the amplitude of the PD charge when subjected to high-frequency vibrations.

Publication

The Effect Of Anthracene Group Substitution Of Disubstituted Chalcone Derivative Featuring Terephthalaldehyde Π-Linker On Non-Linear Optical (Nlo) Characteristic

( 2023-01-01)

Shuaib N.N.

;

Daud A.I.

;

Arshad S.

;

Muhammad Aizat Abu Bakar

;

Khairul W.M.

In past years, the π-conjugated system has attracted much attention as a promising material for developing and manufacturing the next generation of organic electronics made of synthesised organic compounds. Chalcone, having the π-conjugated systems in their molecular structures and the unique α, β-unsaturated ketone structural, have gained much attraction due to their potential use in optoelectronics applications like organic light emitting diode (OLED). By altering the molecular structure, the physical and chemical properties of chalcone derivatives can be tailored to the application needed. In recent years, chemists have produced many types of π-conjugated molecules to acquire excellent luminescence characteristics from organic compounds, and such structures typically lead to intense colour and excellent photoluminescence. In this study, a disubstituted chalcone derivative featuring terephthalaldehyde (N1A) as a π-linker with anthracene as donating group substitution has been synthesised through the Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction. The synthesised compound has been characterised using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-Visible analysis. Density functional theory (DFT) computations are executed to evaluate the effect of anthracene as an electron donating substitution on NLO properties of disubstituted chalcone derivative. NLO responses of this disubstituted chalcone derivative disclose that the chalcone molecular framework exhibit an important characteristic for further application as OLED emitting material.

Publication

Kinetics and Effects of Process Parameters on Oil Adsorption using Activated Carbon from Rubber Seed Kernels (Hevea brasiliensis)

( 2023-01-01)

Aswadi M.A.H.

;

Hairul Nazirah Abdul Halim

;

Nasaruddin N.F.N.

;

Siti Khalijah Mahmad Rozi

;

Zulfakar Mokhtar

;

Tan L.S.

;

Jusoh N.W.C.

Wastewater contaminated with oil discharged from food processing industries need to be treated properly in order to avoid clogging the drainage and sewerage systems. The removal of oil via the adsorption technique using biomass as a low-cost adsorbent was proposed in this study. Rubber seed kernels (RSKs) were used as the raw material to synthesise activated carbon. The RSKs were impregnated with 10 wt% of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and carbonised at 500 °C to produce rubber seed kernel activated carbon (RSKAC). Different parameters were included in batch adsorption studies, namely, contact time (30 to 240 min), activated carbon dosage (0.5 to 2.5 g), and temperature (25 to 65 °C). The performance of each process parameter was evaluated based on the adsorption capacity of oil onto the synthesised RSKAC. Pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order models were applied to analyse oil adsorption kinetics using RSKAC. Based on the experimental results, the highest oil adsorption was achieved at 150 min of contact time, 2.5 g of RSKAC, and at a temperature of 35 °C. Oil adsorption using RSKAC in this study followed the pseudo-second order kinetics model. These findings revealed that RSKAC could be synthesised as a low-cost adsorbent for oil adsorption.

Publication

Experimental Investigation on Thermal Conductivity of Palm Oil and Zinc Oxide PFAE-based Nanofluids

( 2023-01-01)

Azizie N.A.

;

Nuriziani Hussin

;

Hana Abdull Halim

;

Muhammad Irwanto Misrun

Vegetable oil (VO) have been constantly researched as an alternative to the conventional mineral oil (MO) in the application of transformer insulation liquid. VO is deemed as a suitable replacement for MO as they are a renewable source, cheaper in price, and have a high thermal conductivity, high flashpoint, and high breakdown voltage value. In addition, the trending interest in nanofluids has made it possible to further improved the insulating properties of VOs. This paper reports the experimental results of thermal conductivity test of Palm oil-based nanofluids and Palm fatty acid ester (PFAE)-based nanofluids. The nanoparticles used in this work is Zinc Oxide (ZnO) <50nm nano powder and the nanofluid (NF) samples are varied by low, medium and high concentrations. The test was conducted at 9 different temperatures from 25°C to 65°C with 5°C gap. The result shows that a low and medium concentration nanofluid has an improvement in thermal conductivity value, up to 42.6% and 59.5% respectively for palm oil-based nanofluid. Meanwhile, the high concentration palm oil-based nanofluid has lower enhancement in thermal conductivity value at certain temperatures. As for PFAE-based nanofluids, the thermal conductivity value has improved by up to 27% and 14.4% for medium and high concentration respectively. Nanofluids with medium concentration of ZnO, has the highest enhancement in insulating and cooling properties for both palm oil and PFAE-based nanofluids. This observation is supported by the kinematic viscosity value of the mentioned nanofluid.

Publication

The Influence of Augmented Reality on Purchase Intention in the Housing Industry

( 2023-01-01)

Fazdliel Aswad Ibrahim

;

Boying W.

;

Nur Soleha Abdul Rahim

;

Mohd Shafiei M.W.

;

Zainol N.Z.

Rapid emergence of technology communication has demanded the business organization to adapt with the most optimal marketing approach to ensure long-term survival in the modern business environment. Research on technologies adaptation in relation to marketing were conducted in various sectors in order to study the marketing communication channels in persuading targeted customers to purchase the selling products or utilize the services offered in the market. In contrast, the advancement of technology was not thoroughly harnessed by the property sector, which lagged in adopting the innovative marketing approach to promote their selling house. Accordingly, this research is aimed at investigating the effect of marketing communication channels via the adoption of AR to encourage the intention to purchase among the targeted house buyers. A total of 130 booklets of survey forms were distributed using the self-administered method along with the prompt material of housing design in AR applications. In return, 100 booklets of survey forms were received. As a result, the findings indicated that AR application as a marketing communication channel has an impact on the intention to purchase among potential house buyers. It is expected that AR technologies would create a new norm with extraordinary modification and advancement to promote housing projects and provide guidance to the developer. This initiative is able to improve their marketing communication, thus attracting house buyers based on their interests.

Publication

Correlation Study on the Effect of Sintering Mechanism with the Properties of Geopolymer-Based Ceramic

( 2023-01-01)

Nur Bahijah M.

;

Romisuhani Ahmad

;

Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah

;

Wan Mastura Wan Ibrahim

Nepheline geopolymer-based ceramics are emerging as a promising alternative to traditional ceramics due to their eco-friendly production and sustainable nature. Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively investigate the relationship between mechanical behaviour and sintering mechanisms in the production of kaolin geopolymer-based nepheline ceramics. Sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate were mixed to act as the alkaline activator to facilitate the geopolymerization process. The experimental analysis involved varying the sintering temperature within the range of 200°C to 1200°C. The findings from the correlation study highlight that the flexural strength and densification process is in linear relation with R2 of 0.9369, whilst the water absorption and volumetric shrinkage exhibited an inversely linear relationship with the R2 value of 0.8733. The maximum flexural strength of 78.92 MPa and density of 2.56 g/cm3 were achieved when sintered at 1200°C. Meanwhile, the water absorption decreases with the increase of volumetric shrinkage, which might relate to the densification process of the geopolymer-based nepheline ceramic. The outcome of this research contributes a deeper understanding of the interplay between mechanical behaviour and sintering mechanism, enabling the design of superior sintered materials.

Publication

Automated Diagnosis of Eye Fundus Images

( 2023-01-01)

Zyout A.

;

Alquran H.

;

Wan Azani Wan Mustafa

;

Alsalatie M.

;

Al-Badarneh A.

;

Khairunizam W.

Eye disease is a severe health problem. Advanced stages of the disease may lead to vision loss. Early detection may limit the development of the severity and enhance the chance of treatment. Eye disease comes from various factors such as diabetes, increasing pressure in the eye (Glaucoma), and age-related macular degeneration. Ocular fundus 2D images are one of the most common tools used to diagnose the lining of tissue eyes. Huge data availability, increasing cases, and heavy responsibility in the health sector encourage seeking new diagnosis techniques to enhance accuracy and reduce false positive and false negative diagnoses. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) is the state-art-technology. This paper proposes a CAD system that combines image processing techniques and artificial intelligence. The proposed method used the green channel of fundus eye images to extract the most representative features by the trained convolutional neural network to classify five eye diseases of fundus images. The build CAD system exploits deep learning and support vector machine classifier to achieve a highly accurate model of 98% for five types of eye diseases.

Publications 2023

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