Conference Publications

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Mohd Razman Amin

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Ku Mohammad Yazid Ku Ibrahim

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Hazizul Hussein

Swirling Fluidized Bed (SFB) is a new method which is very useful in drying process especially in mineral processing. By designing the annular blade distributor inclined, the gas will pass through the distributor, then certainly achieve suitable performance in term of fluidization. Numerical simulation such as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been widely used to investigate the parameters that influence the system itself. The current study focused on the spiral blade distributor with various pitch length (60mm, 80mm, and 100mm), and various horizontal inclination angle (0°, 12° and 15°). The CFD is used to compute and btain the velocity distribution data, as well as tangential velocity. The uniformity of tangential velocity distribution are the crucial investigation as this will be used to determine the optimum SFB systems. Effect of low blades inclination angle (0°) and low pitch length (60mm) has showed the most significant finding in this study.

Publication

Occupational Safety and Health leadership and performance in Malaysian industries

(IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020)

Suhaila Abdul Hamid

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A.M Leman

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Norlia Goolamally

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Norshah Afizi Shuaib

Leading and managing form the framework for skills and abilities that are necessary for an individual to drive team success. Occupational safety and health (OSH) Leadership modeled the organisational commitment in OSH and for the commitment to growth and sustained, it requires management support for employees OSH engagement. Both of the leadership and management support are addressed in the safety and health policy as stipulated in the Section 16 of Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 to provide assurance on the OSH compliance as well as providing opportunity for employer to establish decent work through freedom from injury and ill health and provision of safe and healthy workplaces. The aim of this paper is to determine the influence of OSH management support in the relationship between OSH leadership and Safety Performance in Malaysian Industries in the context of organisational culture model. 300 responses who were OSH practitioners were collected from twelve different industries in Malaysia. Data were analysed using SPSS and AMOS. Results showed that having a leadership alone is not sufficient to improve OSH performance, it needs the mediation effect of OSH management support on OSH performances.

Publication

The development of factory monitoring in high radio frequency interference using Arduino

(AIP Publishing, 2020)

Amirul T. A.

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A. T. Ambak

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M. G. A. Rahman

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Amarul Talip

The objective of this documentation is to detect and monitor the Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) or Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) by using the specific module and system that will fully complied with detailed explanations on engineering aspect regarding the knowledge gained and valuable experiences that I have learned during this proposal period. The mechanism used in this system is the module of Arduino Mega 2560 that act as the main platform for acquiring RFI from the specific sensor and will convey the signal into information that will link to the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) in the certain way and method of communication through all of the devices. In order to show the supportive toward the Industrial Revolution 4.0 the system is integrated by IOT gateway device that will monitor the data in term of cloud-based using the SIMATIC IOT 2000 as the data storage flatform.

Publication

Development of safety and health culture of construction project through academic institution and industry linkages on TVET platform: a proposed study

(IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020)

Nazamuddin Ahmad Razali

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A.M. Leman

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K.A. Rahman

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Norshah Afizi Shuaib

The increasing trend of occupational accident due to unsafe behavior and unsafe act especially in construction site suggests the need for more effective assessment model or framework towards a more proactive measure. The objective of this study is to development of safety and health culture of construction project through academic institution and industry linkages through Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) platform. The cooperation of employers and employees, together with the government agencies, Academic institution, public –private networking and the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) of Malaysia towards excellence safety culture and sustainable development. The review on construction industry and related issues, Institutional perspectives on safety climate, a systems approach to workforce development and Malaysia’s TVET developments is the key element of study and it is combination of several approaches. The framework of the study and flowchart were present to ensure the proposed study is ready to execute.

Publication

Design and analysis of solar car chassis

(IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020)

Radhwan Hussin

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Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim

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Mohd. Nasir Mat Saad

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Abdellah el-hadj Abdellah

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Irfan Abd Rahim

A solar car is a lightweight, low power vehicle designed and built with a single purpose in mind–racing with and only drive during the day. It has limited seating (one or two peoples) and usually has very little cargo capacity. However, it offers an excellent opportunity to develop future technologies that can be applied to practical applications. This study will focus on design and analysis solar car chassis part. The primary challenge in developing an effective solar car chassis is to maximize strength and safety while minimizing the weight. Every extra pound requires more energy to move down the road. However, safety is a primary concern and the chassis must meet stringent strength and safety requirements. The purpose of the study is to understand the concept design of solar car chassis in terms of calculation, material selection, chassis style selection and virtual analysis for chassis using CATIA software.

Publication

Distributor optimization: analysis via design of experiment (DOE) on perforated plate distributor in fluidized bed

(AIP Publishing, 2020)

Ku Mohammad Yazid Ku Ibrahim

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Nurul Fatin Najihah Abd Samat

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Hazizul Hussein

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Generally in industry, the fluidization process involves with plate distributor and used a type of perforated plate distributor as their fluidization process. In terms of observation, this type of distributor has used a large amount of energy consumption. Currently, the new design of perforated plate that involved; (i) number of slotted, (ii) slotted width, (iii) slotted length and (iv) thickness distributor has been produced and tested via Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Then, the results from the simulation in each perforated plate are been extracted and analyze by using a Design of Experiment (DOE) method through full factorial design (FFD). Results from the statistical analysis have shown a significant parameter on performance of the fluidization that was assessed by pressure drop values and velocity distributions values. The results from this statistical analysis showed a significant parameter on mean tangential velocity and pressure drop. In conclusion, by using the optimization method the new design of distributor would propose less energy consumption in future fluidization application.

Publication

Modification of the design of circular thin-walled tubes to enhance dynamic energy absorption characteristics: experimental and finite element analysis

(IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020)

Masniezam Ahmad

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Khairul Azwan Ismail

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Fauziah Che Mat

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A M Roslan

A thin-walled tube is an energy absorber device that functions to dissipate kinetic energy into another form of energy during impact. The design of thin-walled tubes is a significant factor which affects to the energy absorption characteristics. This paper provides a comparative study between the original thin-walled tube designs and several modified tube designs that have been proposed. The main objective is to improve the energy absorption characteristics, such as energy absorption capacity, initial peak load, specific energy absorption (SEA) and crush force efficiency (CFE). Throughout this research, aluminium alloy AA6061-T6 has been used as the material for all tubes. For comparison, all of the tubes are developed with a circular shape with the same diameter, thickness and length. In addition, they are also impacted at the same kinetic energy under dynamic axial loading. Validated LS-DYNA finite element (FE) models have been used to simulate the impact of the thin-walled tubes. Compared to the original tube design, the modified tubes have improved energy absorption characteristics. A conical tube with a flat end cap was identified as the best performing tube among the modified tubes because it had the lowest initial peak load, a moderate energy absorption capacity and an excellent CFE and SEA. The findings from this study can be used as a guidance in designing thin-walled structure.

Publication

Surface treatment of recycled carbon fibre for interfacial enhancement in reinforced polypropylene product

(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2020)

A Salleh

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Norshah Aizat Shuaib

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N W Y Omar

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Azwan Iskandar Azmi

Recycled carbon fibre (rCF) is used in various applications as measures to reduce the carbon fibre waste in landfill. This study focuses on using rCF in powder form in injection moulded polypropylene (PP) products. The rCF was treated with 0.5 mol/L and 1.0 mol/L nitric acid. The tensile and flexural properties were evaluated and morphological surface of the samples was characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As the result, higher concentration of nitric acid increased the tensile strength but leads to lower flexural strength. Apart from that, the environmental assessment using OpenLCA software shows that the addition of RCF filler loading leads to reduction of climate change and acidification potential.

Publication

The effect of torrefaction reaction temperature on the Elaeis Guineensis Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) pellet durability and calorific value

( 2020)

Ras Izzati Ismail

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Lee Yit Leng

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Nur Lailina Makhtar

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A A A Rahman

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J A A Dali

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A R Shaari

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Khor Chu Yee

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A R Mohamed

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Mohd Riduan Jamalludin

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Norawanis Abdul Razak

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Wan Nur A'tiqah Wan Draman

Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) are not being fully utilized for energy production due to its high moisture content, low density, having bulky characteristics and low calorific value. In order to improve characteristic of Elaeis Guineensis empty fruit bunch as fuel, pre-treatment process is necessary to overcome these shortcomings. Therefore, the aim of this research is to examine the effect of torrefaction reaction temperature on the Elaeis Guineensis pellet energy characteristics. The observed pellet qualities include the pellet durability and calorific value of the pellet. The torrefaction of empty fruit bunch was conducted in a fixed-bed reactor at 200°C, 220°C, 240°C and 260°C. The torrefied sample was pelletized, analysed and tested to examine the characteristics of empty fruit bunch biomass as fuel. The pelletization process was carried out by using the cold single press pelletizer and using cassava starch as binder. At higher torrefaction temperature, the decomposition of cellulose and lignin become more prominent. At the torrefaction temperature 260°C, the gross calorific value is the highest due to the removal of moisture, release of volatile matter and the decomposition of biomass components such as hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin which resulted in energy densification. By comparing the torrefied empty fruit bunch at 260°C with the untorrefied empty fruit bunch, it was found that the torrefaction increased the energy densification and pellet qualities of empty fruit bunch that can be utilized as biomass energy sources in renewable energy.

Publication

Development of posture estimation monitoring system for back pain diseases

(AIP Publishing, 2020)

N. A. S. Z. Abidin

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S. Mohamad

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Amarul Talip

The common problems occured among the people who need to sit in a long time are the affected postural position that lead to the back pain diseases. The sitting position of a person determine the health condition of the backbone. Many cases of back pain diseases because of the bad routine are reported for both gender. By maintaining the good posture and actively move signifanctly improved the health condition. Nowadays, people all use internet in their daily life including for the healthcare management. Wearable electronic device that improve the quality of life became the main focus of this century from simple hearing aid to the full health monitoring smartwatches with different functions and specifications. The project starts with the design stage, software modification and hardware construction with using an IMU sensor, a flex sensor and a microprocessor-WeMos ESP8266 D1 R2 with Wi-Fi built in. This report devote the design, development and experimental process of this wearable posture estimation monitoring system that uses multiple sensors to measure the back posture of a user in real time and alert them with the notification from their smartphone.

Publication

Mechanical properties and environmental assessment of recycled carbon fibre reinforced polypropylene and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene products

( 2020)

A N Allawi

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Norshah Aizat Shuaib

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N W Y Omar

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Azwan Iskandar Azmi

In this study, the main objective is to determine effect of recycled carbon fibre (RCF) on the mechanical properties of thermoplastics composites and associated environmental impacts. Such study is important to improve the strength of the composites as previous studies are limited on RCF composites, particularly in environmental aspects. In the compounding stage, extrusion process was carried out by using two different thermoplastics i.e. polypropylene (PP) and acrylonitrile butadience styrene (ABS) mixing with RCF. Particle size and weight loading of RCF were chosen as parameters to be studied. Bonding strength between the RCF and thermoplastics matrix was investigated through tensile and flexural properties. Lastly, the assessment of the products was carried out to determine the environmental impacts. Generally, the incorporation of RCF into PP and ABS plastic increases the tensile and flexural properties of the samples. It can be seen that the addition of rCF significantly improves tensile modulus and flexural strength up to 10 wt% filler loading. From the environmental impact assessment, the ABS products have greater impact in all categories. The usage of rCF reduce the amount of plastic hence leads to lower environmental impacts. The product has a potential to be used in mechanical demanding application particularly those require high flexural strength and tensile modulus properties.

Publication

Basic study converting of sound pressure to electricity with arrangement of sound speaker using thermoacoustic technology

(IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020)

Irfan Abd Rahim

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C M N Faiz

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M Z M Zarhamdy

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Norshah Afizi Shuaib

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A Azlida

This paper describes the suitability of a loudspeaker to be used as a linear alternator. The present study is intended to clarify experimentally that the ability of loudspeaker to detect a frequency of sound wave by applying the sound into a resonator with the different of length. The result of the experiment will determine the suitable length of resonator that give the best reading. The linear alternator is a linear motor which commonly used as an electrical generator. It is a type of alternating current electrical generator. The function of an alternator is to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy. The linear alternator operate under the principle of electromagnetic induction. Unlike linear alternator, other alternator work in rotary motion while the linear alternator work in linear motion. Electromagnetic induction is a result of an electromotive force across an electrical conductor cause by the dynamic interaction with magnetic field. The data of the experiment was conducted based on the three length of resonator. Based on the experiment, all three resonator give the best reading when the operating frequency of 200 Hz was used. The peak to peak voltage recorded for 100 mm length was 776 mV while the peak to peak voltage recorded for 150 mm length was 824 mV. The last resonator give the reading of 776 mV. For the decibel reading, the 100 mm resonator give the reading of 100.2 dB. The resonator of 150 mm give reading of 98.5 dB and the 200 mm give decibel reading of 99.8 dB. For the experiment with heat engine, the highest peak to peak reading is 40.7 mV and the decibel reading is 110.9 dB.

Publication

Optimization analysis on spiral blade distributor via design of experiment (DOE) in fluidization system

(AIP Publishing, 2020)

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Mohd Razman Amin

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Ku Mohammad Yazid Ku Ibrahim

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Hazizul Hussein

Nowadays, research using optimization method has gained a place in the research world. Applying in fluidization process due to determine the appropriate processing parameter setting was very lack on fluidization publication. By using Design of Experiment (DOE), it was able to analyze the data from simulation result to propose a new optimum design of spiral blade distributor. In order to determine the appropriate parameter setting, the application of optimization via full factorial design (FFD) method work to improve the parameter such as; (i) pitch length and (ii) inclination angle towards on uniform velocity distribution especially on tangential velocity and low pressure drop. Based on the statistical analysis results, the mean tangential velocity does not show a performance contribution via those parameter. However, the pressure drop results shows a significant correlation by increasing the performance of fluidization systems.

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Publication

Low temperature synthetic graphite from oil palm trunk waste via pyrolisis process

( 2020)

Norizah Abd Karim

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Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli

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Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali

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C A I Nadia

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G Denesh

Synthetic graphite was produced from oil palm trunk chip in lower heating temperature via pyrolysis process. The heating rate (10 °/min and 20 °/min) were varied whilst the heating temperature at 500 °C was fixed. All of the samples produced after heat treatment process were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and the diffraction pattern obtained analyzed using X’Pert Highscore Plus software to affirm the phase analysis. To ensure the graphitic nature of synthetic graphite produced, RAMAN analysis was conducted. Morphological study of the synthetic graphite produced involved scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. From the investigation, the results show, confirmation that synthetic graphite was successfully synthesized at the heat treatment of 500 °C (20 °/min heating rate) with fixed soaking hours. Synthetic graphite produced matched with XRD reference code of 00-041-1487. Analysis of RAMAN confirm the formation of D, G and 2D peaks at the respective wavenumber of 1250 cm-1, 1625 cm-1 and 2700cm-1.

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Publication

Effects of aging to the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete with addition of hooked steel fibers cured at ambient temperature

( 2020)

Meor Ahmad Faris Meor Ahmad Tajudin

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Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah

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Samad, Abdullah Abdul

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Ramasamy, Shamala

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The development of compressive and flexural strength versus aging time for steel fiber reinforced geopolymer concrete (SFRGC) cured at ambient temperature was studied. SFRGC is produced by mixing of Malaysian fly ash, alkali activator, aggragates, and hooked steel fibers. At the first stage, the addition of steel fibers in geopolymer concrete are by volume fraction which are 0 %, 0.5 %, 1.0 %, 1.5 %, and 2.0 % and cured at room temperature for 28 days. The optimum addition of steel fibers will be selected for further investigation related to the mechanical properties versus aging days. Chemical composition of Malaysia fly ash shows this fly ash is classified as class F. Result indicates 1.0 % of steel fibers addition exhibit the best performance for both compressive and flexural strength. Aging days show an improvement to mechanical properties where the compressive and flexural strength increases as the aging day increased. These mechanical properties improvement is almost similar to the mechanical growth exhibited by OPC concrete.

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Publication

Effect of plenum chamber design on discharge coefficient in swirling fluidized bed

(AIP Publishing, 2020)

Hazizul Hussein

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M. H. M. Hazwan

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Darius Lee Jian Feng

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Ku Mohammad Yazid Ku Ibrahim

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