Muhammad Syamil Zakaria
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Muhammad Syamil Zakaria
Official Name
Muhammad Syamil, Zakaria
Alternative Name
Zakaria, Muhammad Syamil
Zakaria, M. S.
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Scopus Author ID
57204783753

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  • Publication
    Chip morphology and surface integrity in turning AZ31 magnesium alloy under dry machining and submerged convective cooling
    ( 2023)
    Muhammad Syamil Zakaria
    ;
    Mazli Mustapha
    ;
    Azwan Iskandar bin Azmi
    ;
    Khor Chu Yee
    Magnesium alloys have broad applications, including medical implants and the aerospace sector owing to their great density and high strength-to-weight ratio. Dry cutting is a frequent technique for machining this material. However, it always leads to an excessive rise in temperature due to the absence of cooling at the cutting zone, which affects the machined surface integrity and chip morphology. In this study, chip morphology and surface integrity of the AZ31 magnesium alloy were investigated in the turning process using an internal cooling method called submerged convective cooling (SCC) to overcome the absence of cooling in dry cutting. This method can exploit the advantage of the high specific heat capacity of water as a cooling fluid without any reaction between water and magnesium to create a cooling element in the cutting zone. The chip morphologies and surface integrity were analyzed experimentally with varying cutting speeds under SCC and dry cutting. The experimental results revealed that SCC and dry cutting produced saw-tooth or serrated chip formation. The chips produced in dry cutting were continuous, while SCC was short and discontinuous as a result of a severe crack on the back surface of the chip. It was discovered that the grain refinement layer on the machined samples was thinner under SCC turning. SCC machining increased the microhardness of the AZ31 magnesium alloy by 60.5% from 55 HV to 88.3 HV, while dry turning exhibited a 49% increase in microhardness. The result revealed that surface roughness improved by 10.8%, 9.4% and 4.7% for cutting speeds (V) of 120, 180, and 240 m/min, respectively, under the SCC internal cooling. Based on the result obtained, SCC cutting outperformed dry cutting in terms of chip breakability, grain refinement, microhardness, and surface roughness.
  • Publication
    Turning experiment of Ti-6Al-4V by using uncoated carbide insert
    ( 2020)
    Muhamad Fitri Mahazer
    ;
    Muhammad Syamil Zakaria
    ;
    Masniezam Ahmad
    ;
    Akmal Faris Shahbani
    Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V is widely being used in the blades, discs, rings, airframes, fasteners, components, vessels, cases, hubs, forgings and biomedical implants. Nevertheless, the properties of titanium alloys which are low thermal conductivity, low modulus of elasticity and high chemical activity cause it very difficult to machine. Excessive elevated temperature due to low thermal conductivity of these alloys make it favorable for tool wear. In this paper, an experiment using orthogonal array L4 is conducted to explore the effect of cutting parameters e.g. cutting speed, depth of cut and feed rate in terms of surface roughness and tool wear. The cutting tool uncoated carbide is used in performing orthogonal cutting of Ti-6Al-4V in this study. It is found low cutting speed, feed rate and high depth of cut is favourable in producing good Ra and minimum flank wear.
  • Publication
    Engineering a Better Slice : Development of an Efficient Watermelon Slicing Tool
    (Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 2025-06)
    Mohd Uzair Mohd Rosli
    ;
    Muhammad Syamil Zakaria
    ;
    Masniezam Ahmad
    ;
    Lim Jit Chao
    ;
    Ng Chung Kit
    ;
    Phong Jun Yuan
    The Watermelon Slicer project focuses on the design and development of a mechanical tool to efficiently and safely slice watermelons. The objective is to address the challenges associated with manually cutting large and irregularly shaped fruits, which often pose difficulties in terms of safety, consistency, and time consumption. The proposed device integrates ergonomic design with sharp cutting mechanisms to achieve uniform slices with minimal physical effort. Key factors considered in the design include user safety, ease of use, material durability, and cutting precision. Prototypes were tested under various operational conditions to assess performance in terms of cutting efficiency, slice uniformity, and user comfort. Results demonstrate that the slicer significantly reduces preparation time while enhancing safety compared to conventional methods. The study concludes that the watermelon slicer presents an effective, time-saving solution for both domestic and commercial applications. Future work will involve further refinements to improve the product’s versatility for cutting a wider range of fruits and vegetables.
  • Publication
    Chip morphology and surface integrity in turning AZ31 Magnesium alloy under dry machining and submerged convective cooling
    (MDPI, 2023)
    Muhammad Syamil Zakaria
    ;
    Mazli Mustapha
    ;
    Azwan Iskandar Azmi
    ;
    Khor Chu Yee
    Magnesium alloys have broad applications, including medical implants and the aerospace sector owing to their great density and high strength-to-weight ratio. Dry cutting is a frequent technique for machining this material. However, it always leads to an excessive rise in temperature due to the absence of cooling at the cutting zone, which affects the machined surface integrity and chip morphology. In this study, chip morphology and surface integrity of the AZ31 magnesium alloy were investigated in the turning process using an internal cooling method called submerged convective cooling (SCC) to overcome the absence of cooling in dry cutting. This method can exploit the advantage of the high specific heat capacity of water as a cooling fluid without any reaction between water and magnesium to create a cooling element in the cutting zone. The chip morphologies and surface integrity were analyzed experimentally with varying cutting speeds under SCC and dry cutting. The experimental results revealed that SCC and dry cutting produced saw-tooth or serrated chip formation. The chips produced in dry cutting were continuous, while SCC was short and discontinuous as a result of a severe crack on the back surface of the chip. It was discovered that the grain refinement layer on the machined samples was thinner under SCC turning. SCC machining increased the microhardness of the AZ31 magnesium alloy by 60.5% from 55 HV to 88.3 HV, while dry turning exhibited a 49% increase in microhardness. The result revealed that surface roughness improved by 10.8%, 9.4% and 4.7% for cutting speeds (V) of 120, 180, and 240 m/min, respectively, under the SCC internal cooling. Based on the result obtained, SCC cutting outperformed dry cutting in terms of chip breakability, grain refinement, microhardness, and surface roughness.
  • Publication
    Multi-stage swirling fluidized bed: part 2 - the velocity distribution
    (Semarak Ilmu Publishing, 2023)
    Muhamad Silmie Mohamad Shabri
    ;
    Mohd Al-Hafiz Mohd Nawi
    ;
    Mohd Shahir Kasim
    ;
    Muhammad Syamil Zakaria
    ;
    Masniezam Ahmad
    ;
    Mohammad Azrul Rizal Alias
    ;
    Raja Muhammad Zulkifli Raja Ibrahim
    This task involved numerical analysis study to investigate the air flow distribution affected by blade distributor arrangement of Multi-Stage Swirling Fluidized Bed (SFB). The current systems is in difference with conventional fluidization systems where the current systems will impart swirling motion to the particle. This study focused on the velocity distribution on blade distributor whereby the influence of blades number (30, 45, and 60) via horizontal inclination angle (10°, 12°, and 15) through multi-stage distributor arrangements, therefore a separate velocity component would be obtained. The numerical simulation, was utilised to compute and analyse the performance outcomes of three velocity components: tangential, axial and radial velocity in an Multi-Stage SFB. From the results of the study, the fluidization systems with high blades number of 60 and blades angle of 15° has shown a significant air flow distribution at both stages. Thus, the major velocity component such as velocity magnitude and tangential velocity in the Multi-Stage SFB have shown a retention uniformity along the radius blade distributor and the air flow inside the system rise more than 40 m/s.
  • Publication
    A study of energy consumption in turning process using lubrication of nanoparticles enhanced coconut oil (NECO)
    ( 2017-10-29)
    Ahmad Fairuz Mansor
    ;
    Muhammad Syamil Zakaria
    ;
    Azwan Iskandar Azmi
    ;
    Ahmad Nabil Mohd Khalil
    ;
    Musa N.A.
    Cutting fluids play very important role in machining application in order to increase tool life, surface finish and reduce energy consumption. Instead of using petrochemical and synthetic based cutting fluids, vegetable oil based lubricants is safety for operators, environmental friendly and become more popular in the industrial applications. This research paper aims to find the advantage of using vegetable oils (coconut oil) with additional of nano particles (CuO) as lubricant to the energy consumption during machining process. The energy was measured for each run from 2 level factorial experimental layout. Obtained results illustrate that lubricant with enhancement of nanoparticles has capability to improve the energy consumption during the machining process.
      30  1
  • Publication
    Effect of zinc addition on the performance of aluminium alloy sacrificial anode for marine application
    ( 2017-09-26)
    Khan B.
    ;
    Rosli M.U.
    ;
    Hazrin Jahidi Jaafar
    ;
    Muhammad Ikman Ishak
    ;
    Muhammad Syamil Zakaria
    ;
    Mohd Riduan Jamalludin
    ;
    Khor Chu Yee
    ;
    Wan Mohd Faizal Wan Ab Rahim
    ;
    Rahim W.M.
    ;
    Mohd Al-Hafiz Mohd Nawi
    In this work, the effect of zinc addition on the performance of aluminum-based sacrificial anode in seawater was investigated. The parameters used in assessing the performance of the cast anodes are anodic efficiency, protection efficiency and polarized potential. The content of zinc in the anodes was varied after die casting. The alloys produced were tested as sacrificial anode for the protection of mild steel for marine application at room temperature. Factors such as reactivity of zinc particles in the seawater, corrosion activity during the period of experiment, pH of seawater and the electronegativity potential of zinc were collected for analysis. Overall findings shows addition of zinc increases rate of corrosion to the sacrificial anode and the protection offered by the sacrificial anodes measured and collected in PIT shows the seawater react to sacrificial anode and no porosity reaction between the anodes. The microstructure showed the intermetallic structures of β-phase which breakdown the alumina passive film, thus enhancing the anode efficiency.
      29  2
  • Publication
    Design and Development of a Spring-Type Fixture for Manufacturing Efficiency
    (Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 2025-06-10)
    Mohd Uzair Mohd Rosli
    ;
    Muhammad Syamil Zakaria
    ;
    Masniezam Ahmad
    ;
    Muhammad Syafiq Bin Bahanuddin
    The development and design of a spring-type fixture play a critical role in enhancing the precision and efficiency of manufacturing processes that require repetitive assembly or testing. This research focuses on the design, and fabrication of a spring-loaded fixture aimed at improving workpiece positioning, alignment, and clamping accuracy in various industrial applications. By integrating a spring mechanism, the fixture provides adaptive flexibility, enabling consistent pressure and secure holding, thereby minimizing operator-induced errors and increasing production throughput. The study presents a detailed analysis of the fixture's mechanical design, including the selection of materials, and dimensions while maintaining cost-effectiveness. Cutting simulations are conducted using MasterCAM software to assess toolpath accuracy and detect potential collisions, optimizing the fixture’s functionality. The results demonstrate that the spring-type fixture achieves significant improvements in repeatability and precision, particularly in industries such as automotive, aerospace, and electronics. This design contributes to the advancement of fixture technology by offering a solution that enhances both operational consistency and efficiency in high-precision manufacturing environments.
      1  9
  • Publication
    CFD Simulation of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer of Internal Cooling Channels for Turning Tool
    (Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 2024-12-02)
    Nazmin Ikbar Mohd Piterah
    ;
    Muhammad Syamil Zakaria
    The internal-cooling approach emerged as an alternative in sustainable machining practices due to its multiple benefits. Cooling channels have been applied to cutting inserts to remove heat concentrated in a small area during machining. As a result, these cooling channels are critical in lowering tool temperatures and wear rates. The design of the cooling channel influences the effectiveness of heat management. In the present study, three types of cooling channel designs have been developed to investigate the cooling effect on the insert from the variety of cooling channel profiles. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is utilized to simulate the cooling effect for all profiles. A temperature reduction has been observed for the internally cooled cutting insert compared to the conventional tool without a cooling channel. The temperature difference is observed when the profile of the channel is varied. In addition, the coolant profile has been observed to be more effective in heat removal when the inlet pressure of the cutting fluid is increased. Through the velocity vector results, it has been determined that the heat transfer rate increases as the flow velocity of coolant within the channel increases. The Turbulence Kinetic Energy (TKE) simulation's value shows that a heat transfer rate enhancement is attained by elevating the TKE value, which depends on the configuration of the coolant flow channel.
      13  2