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Publication

A Monte Carlo simulation for a variable-value stream mapping (V-VSM) and risk assessment - failure mode and effect analysis (RA-FMEA); a case study

(AIP Pubishing, 2023)

Mohd Shihabudin Ismail

;

Mohamad Shaiful Ashrul Ishak

;

Muhammad Iqbal Muhammad Hussain

Value Stream Mapping (VSM) is one of the most used lean manufacturing methods for determining cycle time (CT) and lead time (LT) in the process flow from customer order to shipment. Value-added (VAA) and non-value added (NVAA) events in the flow must be defined and noted in the VSM. However, there are only a few studies that take risk management into account when calculating lead times. Variable VSM (V-VSM) will be used in this report, with (minimum, most-likely(mean), maximum) values for each CT/LT and Risk Assessment-Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (RA-FMEA) for all risks reported. For a more accurate result, the model will be simulated using Monte Carlo simulation with@Risk software. Prior to the simulation, each process must be described by the best-fit probability distribution. The (minimum, most-likely(mean), maximum) time values of total CT/LT and Risk that the management should consider when preparing the raw material order, VAA/NVAA activities in the production line, Work in Progress (WIP), process layout and shipment schedule are the results of this analysis. For management, the current and future VSMs could be finalized, displaying all relevant variables. This model will be tested in a small and medium food manufacturing facility that produces mixed powder drinks. However, the emphasis of this paper will be on the Monte Carlo simulation using@Risk software based on V-VSM and RA-FMEA model created.

Publication

Abnormality Detection Approach in Smart Homes using Case-based Reasoning

( 2020-06-01)

Abdul Syafiq Abdull Sukor

;

Rossi Setchi

;

Ze Ji

Today, the population of elderly people is dramatically increasing. To help with the problem, smart homes provide technologies and services that can help elderly people to live independently and comfortably in their own homes. One such service in smart homes is the detection of abnormal situations based on individuals' daily routine. This is important as some situations can lead to serious health issues if they have not been detected in the early stage. This paper presents a conceptual model for abnormality detection using case-based reasoning. It utilizes previous cases, which are built from a publicly available smart home dataset. To evaluate the performance, the cases are divided into two case-based sizes which contain seven and fourteen days of monitoring task. To avoid bias, the performance is also measured against two voluntary individuals who have no knowledge of the dataset. The results show that the system is able to detect abnormal situations with the best accuracy of 81.3%.

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Publication

Analysis about implementation of pico-hydro circulation system as renewable energy with low head

(AIP Publishing, 2023)

Eswanto

;

Hanapi Hasan

;

Zuradzman Mohamad Razlan

The implementation of the utilization of pico-hydro energy generators with circulation systems using water as the working fluid currently exists, but needs to be further developed so that it is more widely applied by the community. In the current situation, where we know that countries in the world are trying to have an environmentally friendly energy source. This research that has been completed aims to analyze how the implementation of the performance of using pico hydro if it is applied with a low head. In this study, the method was carried out experimentally on a laboratory experimental scale, this was done in order to obtain data to be able to proceed with the implementation of pico hydro at low head flow. In this section of the results we can present that with a low head the implementation of pico hydro can be applied, various blade angles provide information on an increase in performance if the angle is greater it can be seen that from point 0 to 90 there is an increasing tangential force that works, this is due to the increasing the magnitude of the applied force. As for losses, the greater the flow capacity, the greater the losses. The biggest losses are at the angle of the turbine shaft slope of 60° and blade 90, which is 0.28 m.

Publication

Analysis hairdryer using design for manufacturing and assemble (DFMA)

( 2021-07-21)

Nasir S.M.

;

Muhamad Farizuan Rosli

;

Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim

;

Shafeeq Ahmad Shamim Ahmad

;

Mohd Effendi Muhammad Suandi

;

Muhammad Azam Asri

;

Nur Syahirah Mohd Tamizi

;

Nur Adila Mohd Haris

;

Siti Aminah Zawawi

For this project, analysis of the redesign of original product hair dryer, the project is focused on the Hair dryers design, size, color, material and cost. Hair dryer are electromechanical device designed to dry the hair. This project is not only intended to analyze its body, but is also recognized as the part, element and component with a systematic function to analyze in detail the innovation method of product system design, which is taken as its concept to carry out the analysis on the component elements of hairdryers and the overall analysis and review of the system design process of hair dryers. Most people are familiar with the daily routine of washing, drying, and styling their hair. Although hair will eventually dry on its own if given enough time, most people reach for a hair dryer to speed up the process. Hair dryer are commonly used and can cause hair damage such as roughness, dryness and loss of hair color. The design of hairdryer is using CAD software and then transfer to Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to analyses the capabilities of part design. At the end of this project, this research will give understanding about design using CAD software and do analysis that improved the hairdryer equipment.

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Publication

Analysis of an assembly process and environmental impact for a new design of food grater

( 2021-05-03)

Mohd Effendi Muhammad Suandi

;

Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim

;

Radhwan Hussin

;

Zuhanis Mansor

;

Shafeeq Ahmad Shamim Ahmad

;

Hidayatul Husna Al Rashid

;

Nurin Syuhada Noorazman

;

Muhammad Iqbal Talib

;

Muhammad Adam Al-Modthaqim Muhammad Basri

This research analyses and evaluate food grater components in order to reduce the required quantity and to consider the improvement of possible sustainable design based on various material selection, particularly to specific parts. This study will use integration methodology to achieving sustainability which is Design for Manufacturing Assembly (DFMA), and Life Cycle Analysis (LCA). The analysis result will show the reduction of the part numbers from 20 parts to only four parts respectively to the significant alteration for specific components. Furthermore, the Life Cycle Analysis (LCA), the weight is reduced by 12.46 gram after changing the material from PPE to ABS. Also, the carbon footprint effect reduced by 40% while air acidification effect is reduced by 21.9%. Besides the material changes also reduced the total energy consumed by 36.4%. This study found that both methods are capable of reducing production costs assembly time, and consequently can enhance the environmental impact of a product.

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Publication

ARx modeling of flexible beam system using bat algorithm

( 2021-05-03)

Mohd Sazli Saad

;

Noor Fadhilah Mat Ros

;

Mohd Zakimi Zakaria

;

Mohamad Ezral Baharudin

;

Azuwir Mohd Nor

This paper describes the development of dynamic model of flexible beam system using system identification method based on nature inspired algorithm i.e. bat algorithm. At first, input-output data from the experimental rig of flexible beam were collected such that input signal is taken from piezo actuator and output signal from the laser displacement sensor. Then, linear parametric model structure is accomplished using auto regressive with exogenous inputs (ARX). The optimal parameters of the ARX model are identified using bat algorithm. The best parameter setting estimation is selected based on the best fit criterion i.e mean square error (MSE). The identified model is compared with the model from conventional estimation approach. Simulation results show that bat algorithm can outperform the least square algorithm in parametric modelling of the flexible beam.

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Publication

Basic study converting of sound pressure to electricity with arrangement of sound speaker using thermoacoustic technology

(IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020)

Irfan Abd Rahim

;

C M N Faiz

;

M Z M Zarhamdy

;

Norshah Afizi Shuaib

;

A Azlida

This paper describes the suitability of a loudspeaker to be used as a linear alternator. The present study is intended to clarify experimentally that the ability of loudspeaker to detect a frequency of sound wave by applying the sound into a resonator with the different of length. The result of the experiment will determine the suitable length of resonator that give the best reading. The linear alternator is a linear motor which commonly used as an electrical generator. It is a type of alternating current electrical generator. The function of an alternator is to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy. The linear alternator operate under the principle of electromagnetic induction. Unlike linear alternator, other alternator work in rotary motion while the linear alternator work in linear motion. Electromagnetic induction is a result of an electromotive force across an electrical conductor cause by the dynamic interaction with magnetic field. The data of the experiment was conducted based on the three length of resonator. Based on the experiment, all three resonator give the best reading when the operating frequency of 200 Hz was used. The peak to peak voltage recorded for 100 mm length was 776 mV while the peak to peak voltage recorded for 150 mm length was 824 mV. The last resonator give the reading of 776 mV. For the decibel reading, the 100 mm resonator give the reading of 100.2 dB. The resonator of 150 mm give reading of 98.5 dB and the 200 mm give decibel reading of 99.8 dB. For the experiment with heat engine, the highest peak to peak reading is 40.7 mV and the decibel reading is 110.9 dB.

Publication

Bibliometric and visualisation analysis of global research trends on HYDRUS using Scopus search

(AIP Publishing, 2023)

Mohd Fauzie Jusoh

;

Muhammad Firdaus Abdul Muttalib

;

Syed M. Al-Amsyar

;

Mohamad Najmi Masri

;

Ayob Katimon

HYDRUS is one of the popular software packages used for water, heat and solute transport simulation. Although numerous studies on bibliometric analysis were conducted, the bibliometric research and systematic searching strategy on the HYDRUS are rarely explored by scholars. Therefore, the main focus of this study is to explore existing literature on the global research trends of HYDRUS according to bibliometric methods. The data was filtered and extracted from the Scopus database. Bibliometric analysis was performed in different aspects such as yearly publications trends, countries productivity, leading journals and subject areas. Visualisation analysis was deployed using VOSviewer software for collaboration patterns and content analysis to explore networking and emerging topics in HYDRUS. In total, 1903 literature related to HYDRUS publications from the year 1993 until 2020 were retrieved. The quantity of HYDRUS publications has substantially increased for almost three decades. HYDRUS mainly used in the field of Environmental Science (n=1120, 34.1%), Agricultural and Biological Science (n=871, 26.5%) and Earth and Planetary Sciences (n=424, 12.9%). In addition, Agricultural Water Management Journal (Elsevier, Netherlands) is the leading journal in HYDRUS publications. The top three prolific scholars on subject matters are Šimůnek Jirka (H-Index 71, University of California, United States), Martinus Th. van Genuchten (H-Index 82, Utrecht University, Netherlands) and Harry Vereecken (H-Index 65, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Germany). The United States, China and Germany, among the most productive country published papers related to HYDRUS. The HYDRUS study is applied in three clusters; media properties cluster, irrigation cluster and groundwater study cluster, with a primary focus on water flow and solute transport modelling. The keywords analysis revealed that the most active research topics were "model", "water", and "parameter" throughout the study period. This bibliometric technique helps researchers identify and understand the specific knowledge domain on the past, current, and emerging research topics.

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Publication

Business model transformation in the manufacturing company – how custom project governance framework enhances the chances of success

( 2020)

Chin Hoong Teoh

;

Zuraidah Mohd Zain

;

Lee Chang Chuan

The demand for complete solution providers is trending, and as a result, manufacturing companies, more than ever, are being challenged to transform their approach from hardware-centric to solutions-centric. Failure to do so could be catastrophic. Many companies have started the transformation in order to stay in business and also for enhancement of growth prospects. They work on increasing their chances of success through project governance that applies across a range of solutions. This paper shows that transformation success is enhanced through the use of a custom project governance framework that allows for the selection of the appropriate custom project governance for any solution category. The nature and relationship between the development work and customization of personalization has led the authors to opt for personalization theory as the theoretical lens. This study started with the formulation of the research process, followed by literature review, development work, and finally a qualitative longitudinal study in an advanced analytical equipment company. The positive outcomes from the development work that has been customized for custom solution businesses will allow researchers and practitioners to develop intangible customization of personalization for a project governance framework of their own to aid business model transformation in the manufacturing company.

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Publication

Characteristics on air flow distribution via spiral blade distributor in a swirling fluidized bed

(AIP Publishing, 2020)

Muhammad Lutfi Abd. Latif

;

Mohd Al-Hafiz Mohd Nawi

;

Mohd. Hazwan Mohd. Hanid

;

Mohd Razman Amin

;

Ku Mohammad Yazid Ku Ibrahim

;

Hazizul Hussein

Swirling Fluidized Bed (SFB) is a new method which is very useful in drying process especially in mineral processing. By designing the annular blade distributor inclined, the gas will pass through the distributor, then certainly achieve suitable performance in term of fluidization. Numerical simulation such as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been widely used to investigate the parameters that influence the system itself. The current study focused on the spiral blade distributor with various pitch length (60mm, 80mm, and 100mm), and various horizontal inclination angle (0°, 12° and 15°). The CFD is used to compute and btain the velocity distribution data, as well as tangential velocity. The uniformity of tangential velocity distribution are the crucial investigation as this will be used to determine the optimum SFB systems. Effect of low blades inclination angle (0°) and low pitch length (60mm) has showed the most significant finding in this study.

Publication

Design and analysis of solar car chassis

(IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020)

Radhwan Hussin

;

Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim

;

Mohd. Nasir Mat Saad

;

Abdellah el-hadj Abdellah

;

Irfan Abd Rahim

A solar car is a lightweight, low power vehicle designed and built with a single purpose in mind–racing with and only drive during the day. It has limited seating (one or two peoples) and usually has very little cargo capacity. However, it offers an excellent opportunity to develop future technologies that can be applied to practical applications. This study will focus on design and analysis solar car chassis part. The primary challenge in developing an effective solar car chassis is to maximize strength and safety while minimizing the weight. Every extra pound requires more energy to move down the road. However, safety is a primary concern and the chassis must meet stringent strength and safety requirements. The purpose of the study is to understand the concept design of solar car chassis in terms of calculation, material selection, chassis style selection and virtual analysis for chassis using CATIA software.

Publication

Design and development of fire escape window grille keyless locking system

( 2021-07-21)

Mohd Shuhidan Saleh

;

Ng Kuan Yee

;

Noorhafiza Muhammad

;

Muhamad Farizuan Rosli

;

Mohd Fathullah Ghazli@Ghazali

;

Norshah Afizi Shuaib

The most fire-related fatalities are due to the smoke inhalation of the toxic gases. It is related to the victims being trapped in the building when the building was on fire. It was also reported that major deaths from fire related are from the toxic gases inhalation produced by the fire while the deaths due to fire flames and burning was about one third of the total deaths. The access to the exit door was blocked and they could not exit through the window due to the permanent grille installation. It was well aware that most Malaysian homeowners installed grilles on their house windows or doors for security reason since there are lots of break-ins incidences. To overcome the issue, this work introduces a window grille with keyless locking system. The design incorporated keyless system that can be operated or opened without a key. Several designs for implementing this solution have been described. These designs are divided into three sections, which is a grille design, expansion designs which use to accommodate a wide range of window-sized and keyless locking systems. The size and type of grille suitable for Malaysian residents as well as the more efficient keyless locking system has been studied in detail using the method of case study and survey method. Step of patent research, market analysis and benchmarking are used as methods for collecting reference data. The most effective fire escape window grille keyless locking system has been studied and designed from this project. An important factor in designing a fire window grille is the design that can be opened and does not require a key operation. The results of the design and analysis tested are presented such that they can be used as an aid to the design of fire escape features.

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Publication

Design of experiment (DOE) analysis in optimizing of annular blade distributor depth in fluidization system

(AIP Publishing, 2020)

Hazizul Hussein

;

Mohd Al-Hafiz Mohd Nawi

;

M. H. M. Hazwan

;

Muhammad Lutfi Abd. Latif

;

Ku Mohammad Yazid Ku Ibrahim

Currently, there are numerous methods that involved in optimization. The aim on their researchers is to determine the appropriate processing parameters setting in the systems and process. Studies on fluidization system by using an optimisation method are very scanty. Apart from quality, the consumption energy in the fluidization systems also plays an important role. Therefore, in this study the researchers have using a Design of Experiment (DOE) method that will discrete possible values based on the data extracted from simulation analyzed. By selecting the range of distributor blade and cyclone area (0mm, 100mm and 200mm) via cone height (150mm, 200mm and 250mm) through 60 number of blades and 15° horizontal inclination angle, design of experiment (DOE) has been constructed by using the Full Factorial Design (FFD) approach. Based on the simulation results, data from mean of tangential velocity and pressure drop has been selected to analyze the performance of plenum chamber design in fluidization process. The results from this analysis has shown a beneficial scientific knowledge and alternative solution to the type of plenum chamber to enhance the uniformity of velocity distribution and discharge coefficient produced using optimisation technique in fluidization system.

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Publication

Development of In-situ Sensing System and Classification of Water Quality using Machine Learning Approach

( 2022-01-01)

Abdul Syafiq Abdull Sukor

;

Mohamad Naim Muhamad

;

Ab Wahab M.N.

Quality of water applied to the agriculture sector is one of the factors for agriculture farming to be successful. The use of bad quality irrigation water can cause soil problems. In general, determining water quality model is one of the many interests as it can be used to classify the conditions of water. This project focuses on developing the in-situ sensing system of water quality sensors that can detect parameters of water quality such as pH level, electric conductivity, temperature and total dissolved solid. To validate the approach, there are three types of water samples in a dataset that was collected which include water pipes, soap water and drain water. The types of machine learning models used for classification process are Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Decision Tree. The performance showed that SVM model was the highest, ANN was intermediate, and Decision Tree was the lowest. This shows that the SVM model of machine learning approach is the most suitable to be used as the classification model to classify the status of water quality.

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Publication

Development of posture estimation monitoring system for back pain diseases

(AIP Publishing, 2020)

N. A. S. Z. Abidin

;

S. Mohamad

;

Amarul Talip

The common problems occured among the people who need to sit in a long time are the affected postural position that lead to the back pain diseases. The sitting position of a person determine the health condition of the backbone. Many cases of back pain diseases because of the bad routine are reported for both gender. By maintaining the good posture and actively move signifanctly improved the health condition. Nowadays, people all use internet in their daily life including for the healthcare management. Wearable electronic device that improve the quality of life became the main focus of this century from simple hearing aid to the full health monitoring smartwatches with different functions and specifications. The project starts with the design stage, software modification and hardware construction with using an IMU sensor, a flex sensor and a microprocessor-WeMos ESP8266 D1 R2 with Wi-Fi built in. This report devote the design, development and experimental process of this wearable posture estimation monitoring system that uses multiple sensors to measure the back posture of a user in real time and alert them with the notification from their smartphone.

Publication

Development of safety and health culture of construction project through academic institution and industry linkages on TVET platform: a proposed study

(IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020)

Nazamuddin Ahmad Razali

;

A.M. Leman

;

K.A. Rahman

;

Norshah Afizi Shuaib

The increasing trend of occupational accident due to unsafe behavior and unsafe act especially in construction site suggests the need for more effective assessment model or framework towards a more proactive measure. The objective of this study is to development of safety and health culture of construction project through academic institution and industry linkages through Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) platform. The cooperation of employers and employees, together with the government agencies, Academic institution, public –private networking and the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) of Malaysia towards excellence safety culture and sustainable development. The review on construction industry and related issues, Institutional perspectives on safety climate, a systems approach to workforce development and Malaysia’s TVET developments is the key element of study and it is combination of several approaches. The framework of the study and flowchart were present to ensure the proposed study is ready to execute.

Publication

Development of sustainable lightweight heat insulation panel from elastomeric and polymeric waste

(AIP Publishing, 2023)

Wan Abdul Rahman Assyahid Wan Ibrahim

;

Irfan Abd Rahim

;

Nurul Shakira Abd Rahma

;

Mohd Effendi Muhammad Suandi

;

Noorhafiza Muhammad

The project present about development lightweight sustainable heat insulation panel from waste material. Scrap tyres and plastic waste was used for this purpose. The fabrication process started with scrap tyres is being cut and blends into smaller pieces. Then, the pieces of the material of rubber from scrap tyres are mixed together with the plastic waste material polyethylene at different composition. The mixture of the materials is pressed together using hydraulic press machine and heat are applied to melt the material in order to create the panel by using the mould. There are few tests that are conducted to the panel to find out its weight, volume and density. In order to determine the most suitable sample among the sample, a test is carried out to each sample. This test involved the black box or wooden box and the container by using the thermocouple and probes to measure the temperature. From the both test using black box and the container, the most suitable sample that excellent in insulating the heat is the sample with the bigger composition of rubber which are sample with 95% of rubber and 5% of polyethylene polymer.

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Publication

Dimensional accuracy, surface roughness and morphology of desktop stereolithography 3D printing materials

(AIP Publishing, 2023)

Aznizam Ahmad

;

Md Saidin Wahab

;

Khairu Kamarudin

;

Ridwan Basirun

;

Haffidzudin Hehsan

;

Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim

;

Farahiyah Mustafa

;

Salwa Mahmood

Stereolithography (SLA) is a type of additive manufacturing (AM) technology used to create 3D printed objects. This process uses an ultraviolet (UV) laser to cure a photosensitive resin into a solid object. Information on material characteristics is an important aspect for designers especially in relation to critical engineering applications. In this study, high temp (HT) and clear (CL) resins were used to make the test specimens. HT is categorised as an engineering material while CL is categorised as a standard material based on the Formlabs materials library. Both materials were used to make specimens for dimensional accuracy, surface roughness and surface morphology using different layer thicknesses. Measurements for dimensional accuracy were performed using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) and analysis was performed on respective geometry shapes. Meanwhile, surface roughness and surface morphology measurements were performed using a surface roughness tester and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) respectively. Based on the results obtained, HT resin and CL resin show good dimensional accuracy where the published measurement dimensions were less than 5% deviation compared to the nominal dimensions except for certain cylindrical holes made of CL resin. From the surface roughness test results, it was found that the roughness value in the y-direction was better than the roughness value in the x-direction for both HT and CL resins. The surface roughness readings for HT resin in the y-direction were 1.0846 μm for 100 μm layer thickness (LT) and 1.1446 μm for 25 μm LT while for CL resins were 1.3870 μm for 100 μm LT and 1.5020 μm for 25 μm LT. Furthermore, the layer formation results for CL resins on SEM micrographs were found to be better than those of HT resins for layer thickness of 25 μm and 100 μm. Based on these findings, HT resins and CL resins can be considered for rapid tooling (RT) applications with further justification in terms of design and other requirements.

Publication

Distributor optimization: analysis via design of experiment (DOE) on perforated plate distributor in fluidized bed

(AIP Publishing, 2020)

Ku Mohammad Yazid Ku Ibrahim

;

Mohd Al-Hafiz Mohd Nawi

;

Mohd. Hazwan Mohd. Hanid

;

Nurul Fatin Najihah Abd Samat

;

Hazizul Hussein

;

Muhammad Lutfi Abd. Latif

Generally in industry, the fluidization process involves with plate distributor and used a type of perforated plate distributor as their fluidization process. In terms of observation, this type of distributor has used a large amount of energy consumption. Currently, the new design of perforated plate that involved; (i) number of slotted, (ii) slotted width, (iii) slotted length and (iv) thickness distributor has been produced and tested via Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Then, the results from the simulation in each perforated plate are been extracted and analyze by using a Design of Experiment (DOE) method through full factorial design (FFD). Results from the statistical analysis have shown a significant parameter on performance of the fluidization that was assessed by pressure drop values and velocity distributions values. The results from this statistical analysis showed a significant parameter on mean tangential velocity and pressure drop. In conclusion, by using the optimization method the new design of distributor would propose less energy consumption in future fluidization application.

Publication

Effect of heat sink design on the thermal characteristic in computational fluid dynamics analysis

( 2020)

Khor Chu Yee

;

Mohd Al-Hafiz Mohd Nawi

;

Muhammad Ikman Ishak

;

Kee Wei Chin

;

Mohd Uzair Mohd Rosli

;

Mohd Riduan Jamalludin

;

Siti Nor Azreen Ahmad Termizi

The thermal management in the electronic device or system using the heat sink is important to ensure the device or system operating under the allowable temperature. The present study aims to investigate the thermal characteristic (i.e., temperature distribution) of the various heat sink designs via computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. The electronic cooling process of the heat sink is carried out via CFD software. The temperature distribution of the various heat sink designs (i.e., plate fin, circular pin fin and rectangular fin) was analyzed and compared. The CFD analysis revealed the plate fin heat sink has lowest temperature distribution on the fin region. High temperature distribution was observed on the pin fin heat sink. The non-uniform temperature distribution was attributed by the direction of inlet airflow, whereas the low temperature was found in the region that close to the inlet airflow. Thus, the research findings indicated the design of heat sink significantly affects the temperature distribution during the electronic cooling process.

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