UniMAP RIS :: Browsing Journal of Engineering Research and Education (JERE) by Department "Universiti Malaysia Perlis"

Publication

A framework design of web-based knowledge management system with NoSQL database

( 2023)

Rhui Jaan Ong

;

Rafikha Aliana A Raof

;

Suhizaz Sudin

;

Kar Yan Choong

In today's dynamic and information-rich environment, effective knowledge management has emerged as a critical determinant for organizations seeking to take advantage of intellectual resources. Nevertheless, it is unrealistic to expect experts who lack a background in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) to possess an advanced level of technological proficiency or linguistic analytical skills. This study provides a comprehensive framework targeted at developing a Web-based Knowledge Management System (WKMS) coupled with chatbot application that is precisely tuned to meet the complex challenges of organizing, disseminating, and utilizing knowledge related to agriculture sector. This paper elaborates on a framework from both functional and technical perspectives, including the identification of knowledge origins, the establishment of mechanisms for capturing and sharing knowledge, and the facilitation of collaborative knowledge generation. This study employing a methodological approach and adopts a three-tier architecture for framework construction, coupled with text processing for data preparation. The findings emphasize that a successful WKMS should prioritize not only technology infrastructure but also strategies for building a culture favorable to information exchange. This paradigm lays the groundwork for enhanced discovery, innovation, and decision-making in a variety of professional fields by fusing theoretical insights and pragmatic considerations.

Publication

A novel mosquitoes repellent soap based on Azadirachta indica and Eucalyptus citriodora oil

( 2005)

Khairul Farihan Kasim

;

Harbant, S.

;

Hunter, M.

;

Mohd Noor Ahmad

The use of Azadirachta indica and Eucalyptus citriodora oil is a two stage repellent system for the soap, where E. citriodora offers short term repellency and the A. indica component offers longer term efficacy effects. Both materials (A. indica and E. citriodora) are from natural sources and locally available. This is the first time the two natural agents have been combined into a single product, thus providing synergy and longer term residual efficacy than present herbs and E. citriodora oil used in similar types of products in the market. This is cost effective product to combat mosquitoes as well as personal soap for everyday use.

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Publication

A study and investigation of small antenna efficiency measurement using reverberation chamber

( 2006)

Azremi Abdullah Al-Hadi

;

Soh Ping Jack

;

Anuar Mat Safar

Numbers of small antennas were designed and various kind of antennas were tested for measurement. Amplitude fluctuations in signals received over mobile radio channels are typically modeled by Rayleigh distribution. The field statistics in the volume of the enclosure are shown to correspond to the Rayleigh statistics found in properly functioning reverbration chambers when a sufficiently large number of modes are excited. The purpose of this paper is to show that the antenna efficiency can be measured accurately in much faster, easier and cost effectively reverberation chamber using three different antennas (two monopole antennas with attenuator and surface mount resistor, and modified folded monopole patch antenna). It also gives an investigation of the statistical characteristics in Rayleigh communications channels by using reverberation chamber. Scattering parameters taken from the measurement of the antenna radiation efficiency using reverberation chamber is implemented into Rayleigh Probability Density Function (PDF) model and it really shows that they are in good agreement with those of theoritically predicted Rayleigh model.

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Publication

A study of embedded fuzzy logic to determine artificial stingless bee hive condition and honey volume

( 2024)

Bukhari Ilias

;

Norasmadi Abdul Rahim

;

Shazmin Aniza Abdul Shukor

;

Abdul Hamid Adom

;

Muhammad Ammar Asyraf Che Ali

;

Mohd Al-Haffiz Saad

;

Mohd Fauzi Abu Hassan

Stingless Bee is particularly nutrient-dense in his honey. Therefore, numerous beekeepers for the Stingless Bee have begun this agricultural enterprise, particularly in Malaysia. However, beekeepers encounter challenges when caring for an excessively large stingless bee colony. Due to the risk of causing colony disruption, the beekeeper cannot always access the hives to monitor honey volume and hive condition. Consequently, the purpose of this paper is to aid beekeepers and prevent disruption to bee colonies by determining the condition of the hive and the quantity of honey using an embedded fuzzy logic system. Artificial hives have been created in order to easily measure the weight of a hive of stingless bees and to divide the honey compartment from the brood compartment in order to calculate the honey volume. Since the stingless bee designs its colony with honey on top and larvae on the bottom, honey volume can be determined by weighing the honey compartment using load cell and internal humidity using dht22. DHT22 is used for measuring the internal temperature and humidity, as previous papers have stated that the hive condition can be determined using the internal temperature and humidity. Morever, FLDa (Fuzzy Logic Designer app) by MATLAB was subsequently utilised to construct membership function, rules, fuzzification, and defuzzification. Then, the same input, membership function, and rules that used in FLDa will be implemented on the Nodemcu ESP8266 using eFLL (Embedded Fuzzy Logic Library). A comparison between the crisp output from FLDa and the crisp output from eFLL was conducted to determine whether eFLL is suitable for use in the NodeMCU ESP8266. As a consequence, the standard deviationand averaged percentage error of differences for hive condition, which is 0.22 and 0.17%, isless than the honey volume, which is 0.49 and 0.66%, because hive condition has a strict correlation with temperature. The hive condition will be rated bad (0% when the temperature is cold or hot state), but it will be rated good (100% when the temperature is normal state). As for honey volume, the majority of results correspond to the percentage of honey compartment weight, unless the humidity is dry state, which will cause the value to be cut in half. Finally, the fuzzy logic system is effectively implemented into an embedded system, making it easier for the beekeeper to monitor the hive condition and honey volume without interfering with the activity of stingless bees.

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Publication

A study of heat insulation methods for enhancing the internal temperature on artificial stingless bee hive

( 2024)

Muhammad Ammar Asyraf Che Ali

;

Bukhari Ilias

;

Norasmadi Abdul Rahim

;

Shazmin Aniza Abdul Shukor

;

Abdul Hamid Adom

;

Mohd Fauzi Abu Hassan

The stingless bees have gained a large popularity among the beekeepers, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions such as the Americas, Africa, and Southeast Asia. This is because the honey of stingless bees has a distinct flavour and is highly valued for its medicinal qualities. Traditionally, stingless bee colonies constructed from wood logs are fragile and vulnerable to outside attacks. These predator or parasite attacks can cause Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) if not eliminated. Thus, a PVC, 3D-printed PET-G, and acrylic artificial hive has been created to replace the old one. According to earlier research, stingless bees are especially susceptible to temperatures above 38°C. This paper's main goal is to discuss the results of studies on the best artificial hive insulation method. Over a month and a half, clay, wood powder, polystyrene, bubble aluminium foil, and a water- cooling system were tested as insulators. Results shows that artificial hives with bubble aluminium foil have the biggest average difference between internal and external temperatures (6.4°C) and are closest to traditional hives (8.6°C). The average temperature difference between the artificial hive's exterior and inside was 2.9°C without heat insulation. Clay-insulated artificial hives have the lowest standard deviation value for humidity at 0.46. Since temperature is vital to stingless bee survival, bubble aluminium foil container is the best insulation solution since it increases heat resistance more than other materials.

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Publication

An Undergraduate Micro Fabrication Course at the Northern Malaysia University College of Engineering

( 2004)

Uda Hashim

;

Zul Azhar Zahid Jamal

This paper presents the development of a new course conducted by the School of Microelectronic Engineering at the Northern Malaysia University College of Engineering or Kolej Universiti Kejuruteraan Utara Malaysia (KUKUM) in the area of microfabrication. Two related courses offered by the School are namely, semiconductor process technology and microelectronic fabrication. The course consists of a lecture and laboratory component. It is a new approach, as compared to the conventional undergraduate program, which is designed with 60% of the students' contact time, is dedicated to laboratory and workshop work, while the other 40% is for lectures. Therefore, a new 115m2 c/eanroom was developed and equipped with all basic tools that is necessary to fabricate and test microelectronic devices. The setup is mainly to expose the student with actual c/eanroom operation environment. The course content and the format of the courses are presented. The detailof the synopsis and the list of custom designed experiment for both courses are a/so provided. Such curriculum developed and offered by KUKUM is geared towards promoting the National Industrial Master Plan, especially in the semiconductor industry

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Publication

Analysis of the effect of solar temperature and radiation on characteristics I-V on 170 WP photovoltaic module based on matlab simulink

( 2021)

Muzamir Isa

;

Nik Muhammad Azhar Nik Daud

;

Arnawan Hasibuan

;

Hendra Marjuli

The need for greater energy use and the depletion of conventional fuels makes scientists start researching renewable energy that can be used as a substitute for energy in the future. One of them is through the potential generated by solar energy. Solar Power Plant (PLTS) is an alternative power plant that utilizes solar radiation to then be converted through a photovoltaic process to produce direct current electrical energy. In its utilization, when coupled with other components such as a solar charge controller, battery, and inverter it can be converted into alternating electric current that can be used for daily needs, both on a small and large scale. In this paper, the author will discuss the current and voltage characteristics of a 170 WP photovoltaic module with variations in temperature and intensity of sunlight. This study aims to describe the characteristics of solar cells and describe the graph of current against voltage and graph of power against voltage for various temperatures and solar radiation. This research method was carried out using the Matlab-Simulink software to simulate the photovoltaic module. Based on the results and discussion, the current, voltage and power values are obtained which are then made a graph of the current and voltage relationship and a graph of the power and voltage relationship.

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Publication

Concrete Ceramic Waste Slab (CCWS)

( 2006)

Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah

;

Kamarudin Hussin

;

Che Mohd Ruzaidi

;

Shamsul Baharin

;

Rozaimah Ramly

;

Nur Khairiatun Nisa

The main focus of this research is to study the strength of concrete with ceramic waste as coarse aggregate. The sources of ceramic waste are obtained from the industrial in Malaysia. Presently, in ceramics industries the production goes as waste, which is not under going the recycle process yet. In this study an attempt has been made to find the suitability of the ceramic industrial wastes as a possible replacement for conventional crushed stone coarse. Experiment were carried out to determine the strength of concrete with ceramic waste coarse aggregate to compare them with the conventional concrete made (with crushed stone coarse af}gregate). The properties of the aggregate were also compared. The results show, compressive strength of concrete with ceramic waste coarse aggregate was 85%-100% which indicates that the result is comparable to conventional concrete.

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Publication

Cost effective negative Plenum Cleanroom for Microelectronic Engineering undergraduate

( 2005)

Uda Hashim

;

Zul Azhar Zahid Jamal

;

Mohammad Nuzaihan Md Nor

;

Nur Hamidah Abdul Halim

he Negative Plenum Cleanroom which is design and built by KUKUM is primarily used for the teaching of the undergraduate microelectronic course. The cleanroom is approximately 115m² in size. The level of cleanliness in the cleanroom ranges from ISO Class 5 (Yellow Room) to ISO Class 8 (Grey Area/Utility Chase). The cleanroom is constructed with a negative plenum to house the fan filter units, which make it different from other commercially available cleanrooms. With negative plenum, maintenance work cost will be reduced and make the cleanroom life longer. The main intention of this project is to expose and teach students to appreciate the stringent cleanroom protocols, health and safety requirement in addition to the formal course works.

Publication

Cost of energy losses analysis using a hybrid evolutionary programming-firefly algorithm for distributed generation installation

( 2022)

Noor Najwa Husnaini Mohammad Husni

;

Siti Rafidah Abdul Rahim

;

Mohd Rafi Adzman

;

Muhammad Hatta Hussain

;

Ismail Musirin

This paper presents the Hybrid Evolutionary Programming-Firefly Algorithm (EPFA) technique for the cost of energy losses analysis of distributed generation (DG). In this study, EPFA is developed to determine the optimal size of DG while considering the system’s energy losses. EPFA is developed based on embedded Firefly Algorithm (FA) properties into the classical EP technique. The objective of this study was to reduce the cost of energy losses while increasing the voltage profile and minimizing distribution system losses between the different operational strategies and types of DG. In this study, the analysis was done by considering DG type 1 and DG type 2. The proposed technique was tested using the IEEE 69-bus test system. In terms of economic concerns, power system planners can use the information acquired for utility planning to determine the right location and capacity of DG. Finally, the proposed method can determine the appropriate DG sizing while reducing the cost of energy losses and total losses in the system, based on the simulation results.

3 3

Publication

Design and development of green trash compactor for recyclable waste management

( 2024)

Nurul Amira Mohd Ramli

;

Mohd Hafiz Fazalul Rahiman

;

Law Heng Yi Henry

A trash compactor is a mechanical device invented to reduce the volume of trash, making it suitable for use in various scenes such as domestic, public, and industries. Utilizing this kind of machine provides significant benefits in the waste accumulation system, as it allows for more efficient waste management by compacting the trash, enabling larger quantities to be collected at once. In this study, a Green Trash Compactor is designed and developed as an innovative semi-automated machine to efficiently reduce the size and volume of recyclable materials such as plastics, paper cups, and PET bottles. The project focuses on optimizing the sensor layout to minimize the impact during the compaction process, thereby reducing the requirement for heavy load cells or weight sensors. The working output is achieved by recording different input commands through buttons, where the system employs load cells to identify the detected force, and the microcontroller makes corresponding decisions. The results indicated that the Green Trash Compactor successfully operated with its mechanical and programmed codes, demonstrating impressive volume reduction during the compaction process. This substantial reduction in volume contributes to lowering transportation costs for the trash, making the compactor a highly efficient waste management solution.

2

Publication

Design of remote warning system for Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) power shortage via Internet of Things (IoT)

( 2022)

Lim Hong Quan

;

Mohd Zamri Hasan

;

Nurul Syahirah Khalid

In this modern era, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology is a new profound technology which leads to a better and easy lifestyle world. With this technology, office workers will not require to present in a company and industrial workers will no longer needed in a factory to monitor manufacture process. With this new and promising technology, most of the work can be done at home by using mobile phone or a computer and even a machine can run itself with a single button. As the title of the project presented, the project proposed an application of the Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) using the technology of the IoT. This project is a warning system when a black out occurs, it will send a message to the user to inform about the trips through a mobile phone. Sometimes, workers overlook the short circuit of the machine which results in a loss to the company and delay of the product. In this project, a prototype of the MCB system with the IoT technology will be developed and created to achieve the objective of project. Furthermore, the prototype will be tested to show that the prototype is functional and efficient as it is a remote warning system via Wi-Fi.

Publication

Detection of landfill odour using Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM)

( 2006)

Saiful Azhar Saad

;

Mohd Noor Ahmad

;

Suhardy Daud

;

Farizul Hafiz Kasim

;

Mohd Nazry Salleh

Odour is considered as the main environmental pollution agent in Malaysia. Even though the standard permissible level for odour in Malaysia has not been set yet as for air and water, malodour is considered as one of the main polluting agents, since the people has started to be concerned about the malodour. Conventionally, the odour was detected by the olfactometer, which used human as its panel for smell. But the human panels are unable to produce a consistance result, especially for the continous monitoring. In this study, the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) was used as an odour detector. The QCM is basically a mass sensitive device with the ability to measure a very small change on a quartz crystal resonator in real time. This system basically comprises of an array of sensors as well as data acquisition and components analysis. A Principle Component Analysis (PCA) is used to define three distinct regions, according to the time of the samples being taken and hence allow the landfill odour differentiation.

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Publication

Diagnostics of oil filled cable terminations

( 2006)

Mohd Rafi Adzman

;

Muzamir Isa

;

Baharuddin Ismail

;

Matti Lehtonen

;

Petri Hyvonen

Cable termination is one of the important components in the electrical power system. A failure of it can cause a long interruption, costly repair and loss of revenue. An existing oil filled cable termination such as rubber tube and porcelain type of cable termination require an observation and preventive maintenance in order to prevent an enormous electrical system failure in future. One of the defects ot this type of oil filled cable termination is lack of insulation oil inside it. The worst case if it becomes totally empty and at the same time there is no approach taht can help detect it. This paper presents the work carried out to find any possible method that can be used to detect a drying out of oil impregnated paper tape cable terminations. Futhermore, the diagnosis has to be used without destroying the terminations. Two diagnosis methods, infrared (IR) thermography and X-ray imaging are reviewed and the diagnosis result is presented. By comparison of two diagnosis method in this work, the X-ray imaging method is the best approach to observe and detect a drying out of paper tape oil impregnated cable terminations.

5 36

Publication

Digital Signal Processing Solutions for Motor Control using the TMS320F240 DSP-Controller

( 2004)

Jimirafizi Jamil

;

Ismail Daut

;

Tunku Muhammad Nizar Tunku Mansur

;

Shuib Taib

This paper presents a Digital Signal Processing (DSP)solutions in digital motor control applications. Digital Signal Processing (DSP) technology is enabling cost effective and energy efficient control system design. The performance of a DSP architecture allows an intelligent approach to reduce the complete system costs of digital motion control applications using cheaper electrical motors, fewer sensors and smaller size of EM/ filters.

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Publication

Effect of alignment mark depth on alignment signal behavior in advanced lithography

( 2008)

Normah Ahmad

;

Uda Hashim

;

Mohd Jeffery Manaf

;

Kader Ibrahim Abdul Wahab

Finding a robust alignment strategy is one of the key evaluations in defining photolithography process. Alignment is a process to determine how the current pattern is placed on the wafer. Alignment is done by an optical system, which means that it is dependable on the quality of the alignment signal to determine the correct orientation. Alignment signal is generated by alignment mark, a diffraction grating structure (trench and line structure) printed on wafer. Hence, the processing steps can possibly affect the properties of alignment mark. The alignment mark depth (trench depth) can be varied due to the nature of processing. According optics, a light optical path variation may lead to a destructive interference, which is not good.

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Publication

Effects of Appliances to Voltage, Current, Power Factor and Harmonic Distortion

( 2004)

Mohd Fayzul Mohammed

;

Baharuddin Ismail

;

Ismail Daut

;

Soib Taib

;

Shuhaimi Zakaria

;

Kamsani Abdul Majid

Power utility always get blame if there are power interruption occurred in residential areas. Many of the residential customers are unaware, that is electrical appliance itself one of the reason that contribute to power quality problem. Effects of appliances a/so can harm other sensitive equipment as we/las electrical distribution system. This paper studies the effects of the appliances to power quality. Appliances that are used in the study are personal computer, fluorescent light, iron, LCD monitor, motor & driver, television, hand drill, laptop and jig saw. Waveform of the phase voltage and current, power components, and distortion of voltage and current for all appliances have been recorded and analyzed using Reliable Power Meter. In this paper concepts of power factor and effects of harmonics are reviewed. Subsequently voltage and current waveform, voltage total harmonic distortion, current total harmonic distortion and power factor are analyzed and discussed.

4 13

Publication

Elemental characterization of Airborne Particulate Matter (APM) in Parit Buntar and Nibong Tebal

( 2006)

Abdul Haqi Ibrahim

;

Nor Azam Ramli

;

Mohd Talib Latif

Study had being conducted to investigate the chemical properties of Airborne Particulate Matter (APM) which present in the ambient air of Parit Buntar Town and Nibong Tebal Town. These towns are located in Northen Perak and in southern part of Seberai Perai, Penang respectively. Non-reactive carbon tape was attached onto an aluminium stub to collect APM. The stub was exposed to the air for 24 hours to collect APM which will be deposited naturally due to the gravity action. Stub containing APM was analyzed by Energy Dispersive X-ray (EOX) to obtain elemental components. Results obtained from the analysis have shown that carbon (organic carbon or! and elemental carbon), 0 , AI, Si and other species such as Ca, K, Fe and Mg are the common elements present in the A PM.

7 27

Publication

Enhancing vegetable price forecasting accuracy: a hybrid SARIMADWT-GANN approach

( 2023)

Kar Yan Choong

;

Suhizaz Sudin

;

Rafikha Aliana A Raof

;

Rhui Jaan Ong

In the context of Malaysia's agricultural sector, the development of a robust vegetable price forecasting model holds paramount importance. The pricing dynamics of vegetables can significantly affect various stakeholders, including farmers, distributors, and consumers. The agricultural sector in Malaysia encounters persistent challenges such as supply-demand imbalances, seasonal variations, and market uncertainties, which can lead to income disparities for farmers and disruption in supply chains. Addressing these issues requires accurate and timely predictions of vegetable prices to enhance planning, resource allocation, and decision-making. This study introduces an innovative SARIMA-DWT-GANN hybrid model for vegetable price forecasting. By fusing the strengths of traditional time series modeling with the capabilities of neural networks, the proposed model offers a comprehensive solution to capture both linear and non-linear price patterns. The results demonstrate the superiority of the SARIMA-DWT-GANN model over the individual SARIMA model, as evident from correlation coefficients that closely approach unity and p-values confirming statistical significance. The model's ability to predict price changes has significant implications for making informed decisions throughout the agricultural supply chain. This research provides a robust forecasting tool that not only enhances market efficiency and profitability but also offers a promising solution to address the challenges in Malaysia's agricultural sector.

1 7

Publication

Feature extraction for underground object reconstruction from Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) data

( 2022)

Shazmin Aniza Abdul Shukor

;

Havenderpal Singh

;

Nurush Syamimie Mahmud

;

H. Ali

;

Ahmad Firdaus Ahmad Zaidi

;

Mohd Shuhanaz Zanar Azalan

;

T.S. Tengku Amran

;

M.R. Ahmad

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is very beneficial for underground object scanning and detection. It utilises radar pulses as the signal, hence it able to penetrate surfaces in obtaining the underneath information without disturbing and destructing the ground. However, its radargram output in hyperbolic signal are very challenging to be analysed. Thus, suitable algorithm has to be designed and developed to interpret the data. This work highlights on the usage of drop-flow algorithm in detecting important features of the hyperbolic signal. Previous study has shown that these features is promising in understanding and further, reconstructing the GPR data. Results show that the features extracted from the hyperbolic signal able to be identified for further processing, which is necessary for visualization purpose.

3 4

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