Baharuddin Ismail
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Baharuddin Ismail
Official Name
Baharuddin, Ismail
Alternative Name
Ismail, Baharuddin Bin
Ismail, Baharudidn
Ismailf, B.
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Scopus Author ID
24447820000
Researcher ID
GEW-9377-2022

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  • Publication
    Comparison of Image Restoration using Median, Wiener, and Gaussian Filtering Techniques based on Electrical Tree
    ( 2021-01-01)
    Abdulah C.S.K.
    ;
    Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Isa M.A.M.
    ;
    Afifah Shuhada Rosmi
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    Electrical treeing lead to a major cause of a breakdown in solid insulation. Thus reduced solid insulation performance by degrading the insulation. Hence, it is important to study the electrical treeing and learn the root cause of the treeing formation. In this paper, the performances of median, wiener, and gaussian filters in restoring noisy images are studied based on electrical tree images. The electrical tree colour images is being transform into grayscale images, noisy images using impulse noise (salt and pepper), and finally motion blur are applied. Even though, there are several number of filters available, this paper focus on median, wiener, gaussian, and combination of the filters. In the end, comparison between these filters is made to study the efficiency using PSNR, SNR, and MSE in graph form.
  • Publication
    Protection Relay Setting based on Overcurrent Phenomena in Commercial Building
    ( 2024-03-01)
    Isyraq Faizzi Mohammad
    ;
    Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani
    ;
    Afifah Shuhada Rosmi
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Muhamad Hatta Hussain
    ;
    Abdullahi Abubakar Mas’ud
    ;
    Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki
    Nowadays, every single distribution system needs to install an appropriate relay to keep the system safe. The operational and commonly recommended relay for distribution systems is the overcurrent (OC) relay. Throughout the distribution system, the protective relay is one of the methods that can detect and protect the location according to its observation from any fault from abnormal activity. Note that time coordination between the protective equipment relay needs to be a minimum of time interruption to prevent faults occurs. The ideal setting for all coordination protection relays is necessary to protect the device against electrical failure and interference. This paper analyzes the real results data collected for the selected commercial building of an OC relay implemented in a distribution board for high voltage and low voltage downward at a commercial building. All the parameters need to be clarified first before testing has been made and measurement is carried out using the MICROTEST 860 set. Based on the analysis, it proves that according to the IEC Standard of 0.10-time multiplier Setting (TMS) is practical to be used to obtain the operation time in seconds for the current curve set. Other than that, the results show that the normal inverse curve from manual calculation results is more accurate compared to the service setting (SS) made based on the incoming setting in a real commercial building. The case study for OC relay setting is related between current injection and time-tripping, which complies with the IEC 60255-3 standard using its formula. This method was applied to determine the characteristics of the curve. Hence, this research successfully determined the proper methods for the OC relay setting for the power distribution system. Besides, the feasibility and efficiency of OC relay data transmission are tested and checked successfully to implement the measurement method in the relay coordination study.
  • Publication
    Potential of roselle and blue pea in the dye-sensitized solar cell
    ( 2017-09-26)
    Dayang Suriani
    ;
    Muhammad Irwanto Misrun
    ;
    Gomesh Nair
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    This paper discovers the use of natural dyes from Roselle flower and Blue Pea flower which act as a sensitizer in DSSC and in addition has a potential in absorbing visible light spectrum. The dyes were extracted using distilled water (DI) and ethanol (E) extract solvent in an ultrasonic cleaner for 30 minutes with a frequency of 37 Hz by using 'degas' mode at the temperature of 30°C. Absorption spectra of roselle dye and blue pea dye with different extract solvent were tested using Evolution 201 UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. It was found that Roselle dye absorbs at a range of 400 nm - 620 nm and Blue Pea absorbs at the range of wavelength 500 nm - 680 nm. Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) was used to identify the functional active group in extract dye. The concept of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) similar to photosynthesis process has attracted much attention since it demonstrates a great potential due to the use of low-cost materials and environmentally friendly sources of technology.
  • Publication
    Microgrid synchronization using power offset through a central controller
    ( 2020-01-07)
    Muhammad Syahril Bahari
    ;
    Mohd Azrik Roslan
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    A high penetration of renewable energy in power systems gives rise to the inverter based distributed generators (DG) in the current microgrid system. With the ability of microgrid to operate in both islanded and grid connected mode, a robust and reliable coordination and synchronization between the DGs and the utility grid is crucial to provide a seamless transition between operation modes. Droop based technique is the most popular method in microgrid system, however, voltage or current transient are present during mode transition. A power offset synchronization technique is proposed to provide a seamless transition between modes of operation. The results show that the mode transition is smooth and seamless without any voltage or current transients.
  • Publication
    Analysis on the Effect of DC Current Changes on the Magnetic Field of Wireless Power Transfer
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Muhammad Irwanto Misrun
    ;
    Ali M.B.
    ;
    Nugraha Y.T.
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Nisja I.
    ;
    Leow Wai Zhe
    The generation of electromagnetic radiation in a solenoid, driven by alternating current (AC) voltage, is directly influenced by the voltage and current flowing through the solenoid. Exploiting this concept, wireless power transfer (WPT) systems can be developed. These systems consist of a sending coil and a receiving coil, both equipped with solenoids. The sending coil is connected to a half bridge circuit to generate AC voltage, which is then transmitted to the receiver coil. In this study, the effects of various factors on the performance of the wireless power transfer system were investigated, with a particular focus on the impact of DC voltage and input DC current. To examine these effects, an experimental setup was employed where the transmitter and receiver coils were powered by a DC voltage source. By varying the voltage and current parameters, the study aimed to analyze their influence on the wireless power transfer process. The simulation results show that 100 V and 150 V of DC current will produce 36.54 A and 54.8 A of input DC current respectively with constant resistor 7.54×10-2 Ω. The result shows that the input DC current is directly proportional with the magnetic field, AC current at sending and receiving coil, voltage at sending and receiving coil and AC power at receiving coil. Increasing the input DC current will increase the magnetic field, AC current at sending coil and receiver coil, voltage at transmitter coil and receiving coil and AC power at receiving coil and vice versa.
  • Publication
    Simulation of differential relay for transformer protection
    ( 2020-03-20)
    Azizan N.S.
    ;
    Wooi Chin Leong
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Syahrun Nizam Md Arshad @ Hashim
    ;
    Isa M.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Rohani MNK
    In electric power system, transformers are an important element and their protection are critical. As the transformer might be damaged during a fault, faster and more selective protection was required. For this purpose, the design of differential protection was utilized. In this study, the differential relay simulation has been successfully done using MATLAB/Simulink. The essential approach is to protect the power transformer against internal faults and avoid interference in the power system. The evaluation has been accomplished at different fault conditions. Several types of faults including double line-to-ground, single line-to-ground and line-to-line faults are studied. Simulation studies were performed and the relays performance with different system parameters and conditions were investigated. The obtained results illustrated for the differential relay represents an appropriate action.
  • Publication
    Review of Edge-based Image Segmentation on Electrical Tree Classification in Cross-linked Polyethylene (XLPE) Insulation
    ( 2021-06-11)
    Mohd Annuar Mohd Isa
    ;
    Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Afifah Shuhada Rosmi
    ;
    Isa M.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Kamarol M.
    ;
    Mansor N.S.
    ;
    Nazar N.S.M.
    Electrical trees are the degradation events most linked with partial discharge (PD) activity in cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation of high voltage (HV) cables. To investigate tree structures and forms, study of electrical tree structures for morphological analysis often carried out using optical microscopy. However, since the noise induced by the occlusion and illumination, as well as by non-uniform intensity either from optical device's setting or the non-standard readout procedure, causes the deterioration of the original microscopy images, resulting in critically loses of information pertaining the tree structures making it difficult to obtained accurate measurement. Image segmentation is one of the potential solutions as it is well-suited for extracting information or certain features from microscopy images. This paper provides review of several segmentation techniques applied on the classification of electrical tree image acquired through lab environment. The works can be separated into three stages. The first step includes the preparation of samples and collection of treeing images by means of real-time microscopy observations. The captured data would then be pre-processed to achieve image binarization. In the next step, image segmentation process is conducted using existing edge-based segmentation methods including Prewitt, Roberts, Canny and Kirsch's templates. Later, comparative analysis will be performed using IQA (image quality assessment) metrics of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, false-positive-rate and the Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) as the final step. Performance-wise indicates that Kirsch's template able to segment most of the treeing pixels with accuracy of 97.63%, 63% sensitivity, 98.18% specificity and 0.46 MCC while showing low pixels misclassification. This result provides better justification for the integration of the edge-based technique in developing image segmentation algorithm well-matched for the electrical tree analysis in the future.
  • Publication
    A Review: Partial Discharge Detection using UHF sensor on High Voltage Equipment
    ( 2020-01-07)
    Roslizan N.D.
    ;
    Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani
    ;
    Wooi Chin Leong
    ;
    Isa M.
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Afifah Shuhada Rosmi
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    Partial discharge (PD) is one of the most popular failure or breakdown that can happen at high voltage (HV) equipment. PD is the fault that causes the insulation breakdown occurred between two electrodes. It happened or occurred because of the improper insulation, ageing, environment effect and manufacturing defects. The loss of the power will affect consumer and system operation. One of the technique that can measure or detect the PD is by using ultra high frequency (UHF) method for HV equipment insulation condition monitoring and assessment. In this paper, the application of UHF method have been reviewed as the best method to detect PD in transformer, GIS and cable. The UHF method for every electrical equipment is described in order to detect the PD and the laboratory result shows that this method can be considered as suitable technique. Based on this review, the new design in UHF sensor is required in order to improve the sensitivity and bandwidth for PD detection in HV equipment. The valuable parameter such as size and PD frequency range can be used for early stage of designing new the UHF sensor.
  • Publication
    Selective harmonic elimination pulse width modulation for five-phase cascaded multilevel inverter using non-notch and notch switching technique
    ( 2020-01-01)
    Walter M.S.M.A.
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Muhammad Zaid Aihsan
    ;
    Siti Khodijah Mazalan
    ;
    Bimazlim M.A.S.
    ;
    Muzamir Isa
    ;
    Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani
    ;
    Sengodan T.
    As in this era, the conversion of DC power to AC power is a necessity in the power system in order to make useful of renewable energy. The most commonly used switching mechanism is known as inverter or multilevel inverter. However, this switching may cause harmonics. Harmonics usually occur in a power system due to distortion, which can cause a lot of unwanted problems. It could appear either in voltage or in current waveforms. Minimization of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is necessary in order to maintain a good power system. This paper introduces selective harmonic elimination pulse width modulation for five-phase cascaded multilevel inverter. The proposed switching technique for five-phase cascaded multilevel inverter used in this research is non-notch and notch switching technique. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm was used as an optimization technique to find switching angles for non-notch and notch switching techniques. In addition, the simulation of a seven-level five-phase cascaded multilevel inverter for both switching operations is carried out in the PSIM environment. The results show that the non-notch switching was able to eliminate lower order harmonics up to the 7th harmonic. In addition, the notch switching technique managed to eliminate lower order harmonics up to the 21st harmonic for 3/3/3 switching distribution.
  • Publication
    Influence of Electrical Tree Characterization Change Based on Tree Inception Voltage in HV Solid Insulation
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Abdulah C.S.K.
    ;
    Rosmi A.S.
    ;
    Isa M.A.M.
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Kamarol M.
    ;
    Yii C.C.
    ;
    Al-Attabi K.
    ;
    Almoussawi Z.A.
    To improve accuracy of degradation diagnosis for HV solid insulation, it is important to clarify the mechanism of inception and characterization of electrical-tree. In this paper, the study of influence between TIV and electrical tree characterization was done in a laboratory experiment by monitoring the TIV values and electrical tree propagation. This experiment involve using charged couple device camera (CCD) to capture and record the electrical tree thorough the experiment, a microscope to enlarge the needle tip that was inserted into the XLPE sample, and finally a personal computer to display the whole treeing growth process. Then, the voltage was injected into sample of XPLE constantly until the electrical tree start to initiate at the needle tip. As a result, the electrical tree take form based on the TIV, small number of TIV produce a less dense electrical tree compare to higher value of TIV. Additionally, denser electrical tree propagates faster and may lead to early breakdown.