Journal of Engineering Research and Education (JERE)
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Journal of Engineering Research and Education (JERE) is an annually engineering journal, scholarly open access and published by the publication of Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP). JERE is focusing on theories, methods, and applications in Engineering Research and Education. JERE covers all areas of Engineering Research and Education, publishing refereed original research articles. Articles preferably should focus on new methods, report or research, review or research, latest research findings and innovative practices in the engineering field.
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PublicationThe Characterization and Development of Kenaf and Graphene Nanoplatelets in Polylactic Acid Composites(Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 2024)Kenaf fiber is in high demand due to the need for lightweight composites, particularly in the automobile industry and occasionally for interior building materials. Its remarkable strength and low density are the main causes of this. The use of natural fiber as a bio-composite material is limited because it is less heat resistant compared to synthetic fiber. To bolster the mechanical robustness of kenaf composites, graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) are incorporated as a supplementary reinforcing agent. Numerous studies have explored the mechanical properties of composites made from natural fibers and polymer matrices, with the recent market introduction of polylactic acid (PLA) polymers as biodegradable matrix options for biocomposites. The objective of this study is to determine the effects of incorporating graphene fillers on the tensile and flexural properties of PLA, kenaf, GnP composites. Hot pressing compression moulding is employed to fabricate the composite samples consisting of varying compositions, ranging from 95% PLA, 5% kenaf, and 0% GnP to 80% PLA, 15% kenaf, and 5% GnP. The result shows that adding 5% Graphene Nanoplatelets as a reinforcing filler will enhance the tensile strength and tensile modulus up to 18.2% and 53.2% respectively. While the flexural strength and flexural modulus enhanced up to 46.1% and 53.2% respectively. Besides that, DSC analysis shows that adding GnT does not alter the thermal properties of the composite with a melting point of 161.5 ℃. Overall, the results confirm that the addition of graphene improves the mechanical properties of the composites. It is suggested that further research should investigate the optimal ratio of GnP, kenaf, and PLA composition in order to achieve the optimum mechanical properties so that this composite has the potential to be used in various applications.
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PublicationAlternative assessment for enhancing complex problem-solving skills in mechanical system design course(Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 2024)Traditional assessment methods in engineering education, such as exam-based evaluations, often fail to adequately measure complex problem-solving skills and practical application of knowledge, necessitating the exploration of innovative assessment approaches. This paper introduces the Constructive-Teamwork-Experiential-Presentation (CTEP), an alternative assessment approach applied in the Mechanical System Design course (ENT348) for undergraduate mechanical engineering students. The CTEP model is tailored to enhance complex problem-solving (CPS) abilities and engage students in complex engineering activities (CEA). It aligns with the 2020 standards of the Engineering Accreditation Council (EAC) and the Malaysian Qualifications Framework (MQF) 2.0, specifically addressing Programme Outcomes (PO) 3 (Design) and PO10 (Communication). Over four academic terms, this model incorporated interactive design tasks, collaborative teamwork, simulation exercises, and student presentations. The findings indicate notable improvements in achieving PO3 and PO10, with average attainment rates rising to 80% and 78%, respectively. Beyond academic achievements, the model also supported the development of essential skills such as creativity, collaboration, and effective communication. Challenges related to time management and limited resources were mitigated through guided supervision and institutional backing. Future studies aim to evaluate the potential of extending the CTEP model to other engineering disciplines.
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PublicationBreaking boundaries in biodegradable packaging : a comprehensive review on magnetic alignment of iron-cellulose in PLA(Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 2025)This review paper explores the transformative potential of incorporating iron-coated cellulose into polylactic acid (PLA) composite films, presenting a comprehensive analysis of the advancements, implications, and challenges associated with this innovative approach. The introduction establishes the context, emphasizing the growing significance of sustainable packaging and the unique properties offered by biopolymers. The subsequent sections delve into the synthesis and fabrication methods, emphasizing the pivotal role of iron-coated cellulose in enhancing the mechanical, magnetic, and barrier properties of PLA nanocomposites. The review discusses in detail the magnetic alignment techniques employed, elucidating their impact on particle distribution and alignment within the PLA matrix. The exploration of magnetic field application reveals intricate relationships with curing times, emphasizing the dynamic interplay between magnetic alignment, curing processes, and particle distribution. The mechanical properties section further underscores the positive influence of magnetic alignment on tensile strength, stiffness, and dimensional stability, offering promising avenues for oriented structures in structural and functional materials. Expanding the scope to water barrier properties, the review investigates the effects of iron-coated cellulose on moisture absorption, revealing nuanced interactions that enhance the water barrier characteristics of the nanocomposites. Contact angle measurements provide insights into the surface properties, with the study uncovering how magnetic alignment contributes to improved hydrophobicity, thereby resisting water absorption and enhancing the effectiveness of these materials in packaging applications. The implications for sustainable packaging constitute a critical aspect of the review, shedding light on the environmental benefits and challenges associated with implementing magnetic alignment on a larger scale. The optimized material usage, renewable nature of iron-coated cellulose, and potential reduction in waste align with sustainability goals. However, challenges such as specialized equipment requirements and disposal considerations are also discussed, providing a balanced perspective. The paper concludes by summarizing the key advancements achieved through the incorporation of iron-coated cellulose into PLA composite films. It highlights the potential of these nanocomposites for future sustainable packaging, emphasizing their robust mechanical properties, magnetic functionalities, and enhanced water barrier characteristics. The conclusions underscore the collaborative effects of cellulose and iron coating, envisioning a future where sustainable packaging not only meets but surpasses industry standards. In essence, this review paper serves as a comprehensive guide, consolidating knowledge and insights to pave the way for future research and industry practices in the realm of sustainable and enhanced biopolymer packaging.
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PublicationSelf-assessing psychomotor skills using thinking-aloud technique via smartphone( 2022)This research aims to design and develop an automated device for self-assessing psychomotor skills without an instructor’s observation. The lab assessment usually needs an instructor to observe, measure, and analyze the student's skills. It consumed much time to monitor each student. The problem of assessing psychomotor skills in the laboratory can be solved using the latest technology. Thus, the design of an Automated Psychomotor Testing Kit will be used to measure student psychomotor skills via a smartphone. The result can be transmitted to the instructor's smartphone via the Blynk application using the Arduino Mega and Bluetooth module. For this research, 17 students of Robotic and Automation Technology (Treatment Group) and 19 volunteered students from other engineering technology programs (Control Group) participated. The detailed methodology is described in this paper. The results show that there is a significant difference in mean scores between the treatment and control groups. Thus, the researcher can conclude that changes in students' Psychomotor Skills (P.S.) resulting from laboratory classes are statistically significant and be measured.
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PublicationFeature extraction for underground object reconstruction from Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) data( 2022)Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is very beneficial for underground object scanning and detection. It utilises radar pulses as the signal, hence it able to penetrate surfaces in obtaining the underneath information without disturbing and destructing the ground. However, its radargram output in hyperbolic signal are very challenging to be analysed. Thus, suitable algorithm has to be designed and developed to interpret the data. This work highlights on the usage of drop-flow algorithm in detecting important features of the hyperbolic signal. Previous study has shown that these features is promising in understanding and further, reconstructing the GPR data. Results show that the features extracted from the hyperbolic signal able to be identified for further processing, which is necessary for visualization purpose.
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