Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
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Preferred name
Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
Official Name
Mohammad Firdaus , Abu Hashim
Alternative Name
Abu Hashim, M. F.
Hashim, M. F.A.
Firdaus Abu Hashim, Mohammad
Hashim, Mohammad Firdaus Abu
Main Affiliation
Geopolymer Research Group (CEGeoGTech)
Scopus Author ID
57210989376
Researcher ID
M-4852-2019

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  • Publication
    Comparison of hook and straight steel fibers addition on malaysian fly ash-based geopolymer concrete on the slump, density, water absorption and mechanical properties
    ( 2021)
    Meor Ahmad Faris bin Meor Ahmad Tajudin
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Ratnasamy Muniandy
    ;
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Katarzyna Błoch
    ;
    Bartłomiej Jeż
    ;
    Sebastian Garus
    ;
    Paweł Palutkiewicz
    ;
    Nurul Aida Mohd Mortar
    ;
    Mohd Fathullah Ghazli@Ghazali
    Geopolymer concrete has the potential to replace ordinary Portland cement which can reduce carbon dioxide emission to the environment. The addition of different amounts of steel fibers, as well as different types of end-shape fibers, could alter the performance of geopolymer concrete. The source of aluminosilicate (fly ash) used in the production of geopolymer concrete may lead to a different result. This study focuses on the comparison between Malaysian fly ash geopolymer concrete with the addition of hooked steel fibers and geopolymer concrete with the addition of straight-end steel fibers to the physical and mechanical properties. Malaysian fly ash was first characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to identify the chemical composition. The sample of steel fiber reinforced geopolymer concrete was produced by mixing fly ash, alkali activators, aggregates, and specific amounts of hook or straight steel fibers. The steel fibers addition for both types of fibers are 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% by volume percentage. The samples were cured at room temperature. The physical properties (slump, density, and water absorption) of reinforced geopolymer concrete were studied. Meanwhile, a mechanical performance which is compressive, as well as the flexural strength was studied. The results show that the pattern in physical properties of geopolymer concrete for both types of fibers addition is almost similar where the slump is decreased with density and water absorption is increased with the increasing amount of fibers addition. However, the addition of hook steel fiber to the geopolymer concrete produced a lower slump than the addition of straight steel fibers. Meanwhile, the addition of hook steel fiber to the geopolymer concrete shows a higher density and water absorption compared to the sample with the addition of straight steel fibers. However, the difference is not significant. Besides, samples with the addition of hook steel fibers give better performance for compressive and flexural strength compared to the samples with the addition of straight steel fibers where the highest is at 1.0% of fibers addition.
  • Publication
    Effect of Glass Reinforced Epoxy (GRE) pipe filled with geopolymer materials for piping application: compression properties
    ( 2016)
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    ;
    Mohammed Binhussain
    ;
    Mohd Firdaus Omar
    The aim of this paper is to achieve the highest compressive strength of glass reinforced epoxy pipe with the geopolymer filler content of weight percentage that were used in glass reinforced epoxy pipe. The samples were prepared by using the filament winding method. The effect of weight percentage of geopolymer materials in epoxy hardener was studied under mechanical testing, which is using the compression test. A series of glass reinforced epoxy pipe and glass reinforced epoxy pipe filled with 10 – 40 weight percentage geopolymer filler which is white clay were prepared. The compression strength of the glass reinforced epoxy pipe filled geopolymer materials is determined using Instron Universal Testing under compression mode. It was found that compressive strength for samples with white clay geopolymer filler are much higher compare to glass reinforced epoxy pipe without geopolymer filler. Moreover, the compressive strength of glass reinforced epoxy pipe filled with white clay geopolymer filler was increased from 10 wt% to 30 wt% of geopolymer content. However, the compressive strength of glass reinforced epoxy pipe with white clay geopolymer filler suddenly decreased when added to 40 wt%. The results indicated that the blending of geopolymer materials in epoxy system can be obtained in this study.
  • Publication
    Effect of Alkaline Treatment on Tensile Properties of Low Density Polyethylene/Bean Sprout Skin Composites
    (Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 2025-06-10)
    Tan Soo Jin
    ;
    Foo Kai Loong
    ;
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    This study the effect of alkaline treatment on the tensile properties of LDPE/BSS and LDPE/BSSNaOH composites at various loadings (5–25 phr). The composites were fabricated through a Z-blade mixer and compressed at the temperature of 160oC. The tensile strength increased with filler loading up to 15 phr but decreased at 20 phr due to filler agglomeration. Alkali treatment enhanced filler-matrix adhesion, resulting in higher tensile strength and Young’s modulus for LDPE/BSSNaOH composites. Elongation at break decreased with filler content, indicating improved stiffness but reduced ductility. The findings highlight the role of filler loading and surface treatment in optimizing mechanical performance, offering insights for developing high-performance, sustainable polymer composites.
  • Publication
    Tensile Properties of Polyethylene Composites Based Kaolin Geo-Filler
    ( 2020-11-24)
    Lun Loh Zhen
    ;
    Yusrina Mat Daud
    ;
    Farah Farhana Zainal
    ;
    Farah Farhana Zainal
    ;
    Hartati
    ;
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Shern Tan Wei
    The current work studies the tensile properties of polyethylene composites-based kaolin geo-filler. Polyethylene composites was prepared based on kaolin geo-filler at different loading content varies from 0,2,4,6,8 and 10 wt%. The optimum results were compared with polyethylene composites based on raw kaolin to study the effect both filler on tensile properties. Tensile test was conducted according to ASTM D638. Based on these research studies, the use of kaolin geo-filler is effectively improved the tensile properties of polyethylene as compared to the raw kaolin filler. As the result, 8% of kaolin geo-filler content demonstrate the optimum formulation to enhance the tensile properties of polyethylene composites.
      5  30
  • Publication
    Flexural properties of polyethylene composites based kaolin geo-filler
    ( 2020-11-02)
    Yusrina Mat Daud
    ;
    Shern Tan Wei
    ;
    Farah Farhana Zainal
    ;
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Lun Loh Zhen
    ;
    Hasri
    ;
    Hartati
    Polyethylene has wide applications as a single matrix, however it has a weakness such as low mechanical properties. Kaolin is based mineral filler that offered mechanical performance, it has been used as a cost-effective reinforcing filler for many thermoplastic materials. However, the incorporation of kaolin into thermoplastic often requires the use of compatibilizer or surface treatment to increase the mechanical performance of the composites. In this study, kaolin has been utilized as geo-filler through geopolymerization process by alkaline solution to increase the interfacial adhesion of materials in the composite. Kaolin geo-filler was found having compact structure and to improve the mechanical properties at lower filler loading. Flexural test according to ASTM D790 was performed whereas Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to observe the fracture surface. The testing and micrography are compared with the properties of raw kaolin filler on polyethylene composite. The results found that 8 % of kaolin geo-filler content is optimal for polyethylene composite and show better flexural properties.
      13  3
  • Publication
    EFFECT OF COMPOSITION ON MELT FLOW AND DENSITY OF POLYPROPYLENE COPOLYMER/KAOLIN GEO-FILLER COMPOSITES
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Zulkifli Z.
    ;
    Yusrina Mat Daud
    ;
    Farah Farhana Zainal
    ;
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Aygörmez Y.
    This study examined the effects rheological properties of different composition kaolin and kaolin geo-filler in polypropylene composites. Polypropylene composites with varying composition of kaolin geo-filler 0 wt%, 2 wt%, 4 wt%, 6 wt%, 8 wt%, and 10 wt% was prepared and compared with polypropylene composite with raw kaolin. Kaolin is an aluminosilicate based mineral filler was used to prepare geopolymer paste by combining with alkaline activator solution. The polypropylene composite was compounded using a twin-screw extruder and the melt flow index was determined by a constant weight pressure of 2.16 kg at 230°C in 10 min. Knowing the melt flow index is necessary to predict and control the process, the study has demonstrated that the composition of kaolin filler and kaolin geo-filler affects the melt flow, melt density and surface morphology at varies composition. Composites with kaolin geo-filler have demonstrated high melt flow index process and having better distribution and flow.
      2  19
  • Publication
    Corrosion Control by Using Aluminium as Sacrificial Anode Cathodic Protection (SACP) in Geopolymer Reinforced Concrete
    ( 2020-07-09)
    Farah Farhana Zainal
    ;
    Hawani Hanisah Ismail N.
    ;
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Yusrina Mat Daud
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Hasri
    ;
    Hartati
    This paper presents corrosion control by using Aluminium as Sacrificial Anode Cathodic Protection (SACP) in geopolymer reinforced concrete. Geopolymer concrete for this research are the combination and reaction between kaolin, which is acting as a binder, fine aggregates such as river sand, coarse aggregates and an alkaline activator which contain 12 M of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solution with the ratio of NaOH/Na2SiO3 is 0.8. There are two types of sample preparation in this experiment which are the control sample without attaching with Aluminium and SACP sample that attach to Aluminium. Three testing were conducted in this research such as compressive strength, open circuit potential and gravimetric weight loss method and these results were observed after days 7 and 14. Compressive strength testing for this geopolymer concrete shows that the highest compressive strength was at sample 14 days which is 7.04 MPa while sample 7 days is 3.96 MPa. The result shows the potential values of SACP samples were lower than the control sample for both 7 and 14 days. The potential values for the SACP sample for 7 and 14 days are 0.0152 V and -0.037 V while for control sample was 0.048 V and 0.051 V respectively. From the Pourbaix diagram, the control sample was located in the passivity region while SACP sample was located in the immunity region. The corrosion rate of the reinforcement bar in concrete has been performed by the gravimetric weight loss method. Analysis of the resulting proved that the corrosion rate of SACP sample was lower than the control sample for both 7 and 14 days, which were 3.60 x 10-5 mm/yr and 1.427 x 10-5 mm/yr respectively. This is due to the presence of Aluminium which act as the sacrificial anode that protects reinforcement bar in geopolymer concrete from the corrosive agent.
      3  23
  • Publication
    Mechanical Effect on Different Geopolymer Filler in Glass Reinforced Epoxy Composite
    ( 2024-04-19)
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
    ;
    Yusrina Mat Daud
    ;
    Meor Ahmad Faris Meor Ahmad Tajudin
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Farah Farhana Zainal
    ;
    Saloma
    ;
    Sulaiman I.S.
    Glass reinforced epoxy are widely known in oil and gas industry as glass reinforced epoxy pipe. However, glass reinforced epoxy has limitation such as demanding careful handling due fabrication, installation and transportation because of brittle nature itself and low compressive strength. The aim of this research is to characterize and study the effect of different geopolymer filler in the glass reinforced epoxy pipe composites. Filament winding method will be used in producing glass reinforced epoxy composite. Samples will be prepared with different weight percentage of geopolymer filler loading and different types of geopolymer filler which is fly ash-based geopolymer and kaolin-based geopolymer with 10wt% - 40wt% of geopolymer filler loading. Microstructure was obtained by using Scanning Electron Microscopy showed spherical shaped of fly ash raw material and plate-like structure for kaolin raw material. After undergoes the mechanical testing involved compressive test, pipe sample of glass reinforced epoxy filled with 20 wt% of fly ash-based geopolymer filler showed the best performances above them all. The compressive strength value was 43.05 MPa. Glass reinforced epoxy composite pipe filled with different geopolymer are not widely used in this research area. Therefore, by using geopolymer as a filler can improve the properties of glass reinforced epoxy composite pipe. Hence, a waste material like geopolymer can reduce the cost of material and improve the environment.
      1
  • Publication
    The Effect of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Solution Concentration on Properties of Geopolymer Paste
    ( 2020-11-24)
    Farah Farhana Zainal
    ;
    Sulotoha Nurqistina
    ;
    Yusrina Mat Daud
    ;
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Hasri
    ;
    Hartati
    This research analyzes the effect of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution concentration ranging from 8M to 12M as alkaline activator on the properties of geopolymer paste. Alkaline activator is essentially a mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solution. In this research, the main component used was raw kaolin. In order to produce kaolin based geopolymer paste, the alkaline activator solution was prepared with 0.24:1.00 ratio of Na2SiO3/NaOH and this alkaline activator solution was prepared for 24 hours prior before used in another process. The solid-to-liquid ratio which is kaolin-to alkaline activator solution ratio was 0.80:1.00. The mixture of kaolin based geopolymer paste were placed in cube moulds with a size of 50x50x50 mm, and left for 24 hours until it hardened. Then, the samples were cured at 80? in the oven for 24 hours. The samples of kaolin based geopolymer paste were tested based on compressive strength, morphology analysis, water absorption and porosity after 28 days. In this project, 8M concentration of NaOH solution was the best concentration in order to study the synthesis of kaolin based geopolymer paste as the sample had the highest amount of compressive strength with 0.992 MPa and had the lowest water absorption and porosity with 1.246% and 24.08% respectively. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to observe the morphological structure of the kaolin based geopolymer paste. The sample with 8M concentration of NaOH solution shows that least amount of unreacted particles. The structure of kaolin based geopolymer paste was more dense at 8M concentration as the size of pore decreases. The kaolin based geopolymer paste is suitable for use in the construction building industry as a finishing product such as coating.
      11  30
  • Publication
    Interaction of Geopolymer Filler and Alkali Molarity Concentration towards the Fire Properties of Glass-Reinforced Epoxy Composites Fabricated Using Filament Winding Technique
    ( 2022-09-01)
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Meor Ahmad Faris Meor Ahmad Tajudin
    ;
    Mydin M.A.O.
    ;
    Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
    ;
    Yusrina Mat Daud
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Farah Farhana Zainal
    ;
    Saloma
    ;
    Muhammad Faheem Mohd. Tahir
    ;
    Heah Cheng Yong
    ;
    Khorami M.
    This paper aims to find out the effect of different weight percentages of geopolymer filler in glass-reinforced epoxy pipe, and which can achieve the best mechanical properties and adhesion between high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer matrices. Different weight percentages and molarities of epoxy hardener resin and high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer were injected into the glass fiber. By manually winding filaments, composite samples were produced, and they were then allowed to cure at room temperature. To determine how well the geopolymer matrices adhere to the fiber reinforcement, the microstructure of the composites’ surfaces and perpendicular sections were examined. Maximum values of compressive strength and compressive modulus were 94.64 MPa and 2373.58 MPa, respectively, for the sample with a weight percentage of filler loading of 30 wt% for an alkali concentration of 12 M. This is a relatively wide range of geopolymer weight percentage of filler loading from 10 wt% to 40 wt%, at which we can obtain high compressive properties. By referring to microstructural analysis, adhesion, and interaction of the geopolymer matrix to glass fiber, it shows that the filler is well-dispersed and embedded at the fiber glass, and it was difficult to determine the differences within the range of optimal geopolymer filler content. By determining the optimum weight percent of 30 wt% of geopolymer filler and microstructural analysis, the maximum parameter has been achieved via analysis of high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer filler. Fire or elevated temperature represents one of the extreme ambient conditions that any structure may be exposed to during its service life. The heat resistance or thermal analysis between glass-reinforced epoxy (GRE) pipe and glass-reinforced epoxy pipe filled with high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer filler was studied by investigating burning tests on the samples, which shows that the addition of high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer filler results in a significant reduction of the melted epoxy.
      1