Hafiza Shukor
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Preferred name
Hafiza Shukor
Official Name
Hafiza, Shukor
Alternative Name
Hafiza, S.
Shukor, H.
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
56248038900
Researcher ID
AAK-7519-2020

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  • Publication
    Green Renewable Energy: Microbial Fuel Cell Technology
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Tuesday M.
    ;
    Pusphanathan K.
    ;
    Sobri M.F.M.
    ;
    Makhtar M.M.Z.
    ;
    Shoparwe N.F.
    ;
    Hafiza Shukor
    Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a bio-electrochemical system designed to generate energy by using electrons obtained from biological processes catalyzed by microorganisms. In MFCs, electrons are transmitted from the anode compartment (the negative terminal) to the cathode compartment (the positive terminal) via a conductive substance. Electrons are mixed with oxygen at the cathode, while protons diffuse via a proton exchange membrane. MFCs need continuous electron release from the anode and electron consumption from the cathode. Using microorganisms for effective conversion, MFC technology promises to produce clean energy from waste products produced by civilization. This technology, in contrast to renewable energy sources, recycles trash and energy created by our civilization and returns them to us, therefore reducing the adverse side effects of environmental degradation. This article examines the historical pattern of energy usage in Malaysia. In conjunction with that, this paper will review the principles of MFCs. Several designs of microbial fuel cells are utilized in this study. There has been variation in power density outcomes. Single-chamber, double-chamber, tubular, and flat-plate MFCs are examples of MFCs. Nonetheless, double-chamber and single-chamber MFCs are the focus of this paper. The substrate utilized affects the performance of MFCs; thus, several widely used substrates are also examined.
  • Publication
    Biomass to biobutanol: Current trends and challenges
    ( 2024-08-23)
    Amin M.A.
    ;
    Hafiza Shukor
    ;
    Shoparwe N.F.
    ;
    Makhtar M.M.Z.
    ;
    Jalil R.
    The term "biofuel" refers to a liquid or gas fuel obtained mostly from biomass for use in transportation. Biobutanol is a potential replacement biofuel for fossil-based liquid fuels as they become depleted. Biobutanol is a transportation fuel that may be simply combined with either gas or petrol at any ratio. Clostridia are the most prevalent fermentative organisms used in biobutanol production. It might well be recognized for its ability to use the acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation route to convert various types of renewable biomass to biobutanol. Various aspects of biobutanol fermentation, including butanol toxicity and product titer, have also been addressed. The recent advancement in lignocellulosic biomass treatment technology, which is significantly greener and safer for the environment, has been clearly articulated. This chapter also covers several metabolic engineering and simple engineering laboratory approaches such as Adaptive Laboratory Evolution (ALE) for strain improvement to overcome butanol toxicity. These biobutanol difficulties could be solved to improve microorganism resistance to high solvent concentrations and hence increase biobutanol output. The final section of this chapter will discuss the future of biobutanol production as a new sustainable and renewable future transportation fuel. Overall, this chapter will provide a better grasp of current trends and issues in biomass-based biobutanol production.
  • Publication
    Formulation of selective hydrophobic deep eutectic oil-in-water nanoemulsion as green fungicides for mitigating anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
    ( 2023-12-01)
    Gidado M.J.
    ;
    Ahmad Anas Nagoor Gunny
    ;
    Wongs-Aree C.
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    ;
    Makhtar M.M.Z.
    ;
    Hafiza Shukor
    Hydrophobic deep eutectic nanoemulsions derived from fatty acids and terpenes (referred to as HyDEN) were introduced as potential nano-coating to effectively combat anthracnose during the postharvest preservation of fruits. Anthracnose primarily caused by the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species is known for causing substantial damage to fruits. Synthetic fungicides have proven to be effective but come with environmental, health, and safety concerns. In this study, hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs) were evaluated for their physical properties to identify the most suitable HDES for the formulation of HyDEN. Menthol-Thymol (MT) at 1:1 and 2:1 ratio met the criteria and was chosen for the formulation of HyDEN. HyDEN (MT-N 1:1) displayed a higher zeta potential value and smaller mean droplet diameter and then tested for its antifungal properties against C. gloeosporioides compared with selected antifungal agents. HyDEN (MT-N 1:1) exhibited strong antifungal activity against C. gloeosporioides and was attributed to its potent mode of action, binding affinity, and rapid onset compared to HDES and fungicide (Globus 5.5). This study also investigated how HyDEN (MT-N 1:1) affects mycelial growth, cell membrane permeability, and cellular leakage of C. gloeosporioides, highlighting its superior disruption of cell membranes compared to HDES and Globus 5.5. This research presents an eco-friendly alternative to the use of toxic chemicals and showcases an innovative and sustainable approach to controlling anthracnose in postharvest fruit preservation.
      22  1
  • Publication
    Bioconversion of Malaysia renewable energy resources to biobutanol
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022-01-01)
    Hafiza Shukor
    ;
    Jalil R.
    ;
    Shoparwe N.F.
    Production of biofuel from renewable resources has gained interest to the government’s, researchers and policymakers throughout the world due to the depletion of conventional fuels and environmental issues. As a country that is rich in various types of bioresources, Malaysia can be one of the top biofuel producers in Asia. Several types of biofuels can be produced from these resources, including biobutanol, four-carbon alcohol that has outstanding characteristics more similar to gasoline. Thus, this chapter will begin with an overview of biobutanol production and the possibility of Malaysia bioresources as a feedstock in biobutanol production. The role of the government in existing policies and action plans towards the development of Malaysia's renewable energy industry also has been analysed. Subsequently, several challenges and resolutions related to the development of biobutanol production were also addressed. The potential of biobutanol to replace gasoline and the economics of ABE fermentation in biobutanol production will be the last part of this chapter. Overall, this chapter will give a better understanding and view of the current situation on biobutanol production using Malaysia's renewable resources.
      2
  • Publication
    Mixed Matrix Membrane (MMMs) as Membrane Based Separation Technology: A Review
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Pusphanathan K.
    ;
    Hafiza Shukor
    ;
    Shoparwe N.F.
    ;
    Makhtar M.M.Z.
    ;
    Zainuddin N.I.
    ;
    Jullok N.
    Mixed matrix membrane (MMMs) is an innovative membrane based-separation technology that plays an essential role in liquid and gas separation and purification recently. This review emphasizes mainly on the current MMMs technology. The discussion begins with a background of the MMMs technologies, followed by a comparison between the MMMs technology porous and non-porous membranes. Following that, state-of-the-art MMMs are featured, which contain a variety of polymers and non-polymers, as well as inorganic fillers and materials. The binary filler approach is also explained, which combines two filler materials to achieve synergistic improvements in MMMs. The development of new robust, high-performance materials is one type of revolutionary membrane preparation approach for harsh and inconsiderate environments. In comparison to pristine polymeric membranes, blended mixed matrix membranes with polymer, solvent, and additives are believed for efficient performance. In addition, fabrication strategies for MMMs preparation are addressed. The fabrication technique can be used to improve membrane performance in a number of ways, including resilience to extremes in process conditions and higher mixture resolution when separating gases and liquids. After that, membrane characterization is performed to analyze the membrane's structural and morphological properties. Based on that, critical evaluation of the performances of the MMMs based on the characterization of the membrane is evaluated in context. Finally, the opportunities, as well as future prospects for the integration of MMMs units for process intensification in various sectors, are also significant of the review.
      14  3
  • Publication
    Biodiesel production in Malaysia: Current status and challenges
    (American Institute of Physics Inc., 2022-11-18)
    Mahayuddin N.E.M.M.
    ;
    Mustaffa S.N.A.S.
    ;
    Hafiza Shukor
    ;
    Tamayo J.P.
    ;
    Farizul Hafiz Kasim
    In Malaysia, biodiesel was firstly introduced as a policy in National Biofuel Policy 2006 with 5 short term targets, 4 medium terms targets and 2 long term targets. The specific objective of the policy was to increase the use of biodiesel in all sectors in three different phases, which were B5, B7 and B20. The B20 phase supposedly implemented by year 2020. Therefore, the focus of this review is to revisit the biodiesel issues and to delineate the status of biodiesel production and uses specifically in Malaysia based on the information gathered from different sources, namely the journals, the governmental databases as well as the communication with the personnel involved in the industry. Currently, there are 22 biodiesel plants existed in Malaysia, with the sum production capacity 2,762,000 tonnes/year capacity. However, only 19 plants are currently in operation with total annual production at 906,153 tonnes per year. A few factors contributed to this below-capacity output from the plants. The main factor is the delayed of the B20 mandate, which supposedly executed in 2020. The failure of supposedly increment of 13% blend of biodiesel, from 7% mandate in 2016, to 20% in 2020 effected the production, since the excess production will not be able to enter the market. The start of Coronavirus (COVID 19) pandemic in early 2020, make the situation worst, because the demand of the fuel plummeted, due to the lockdown strategy introduced by the Malaysia government to stop the spreading of the disease. At the same time, the bloc of palm oil derivatives from European Union (EU) also effected the biodiesel, as 80% of biodiesel is exported to EU. The combination of internal, external, and unexpected factors like has contributed to the growth of biodiesel industry in Malaysia, despite the available of abundance raw materials and mature technology. However, with the correct strategy, this industry has a potential to take a positive step in the future.
      6
  • Publication
    Cyclic voltammetry studies of bioanode microbial fuel fells from batch culture of Geobacter sulfurreducens
    ( 2021-05-24)
    Shoparwe N.F.
    ;
    Makhtar M.M.Z.
    ;
    Sata S.A.
    ;
    Kew W.S.
    ;
    Mohamad M.
    ;
    Hafiza Shukor
    The present study aims to investigate the performance of batch culture of Geobacter sulfurreducens (G. sulfurreducens) for electrical current generation via cyclic voltammetry (CV) method. The CV study was performed with an applied voltage in the range of -0.1 to 0.1 V against the standard calomel electrode (SCE) during the cell growth and attachment of G. sulfurreducens on graphite felt and initial acetate concentration of 20 mM. The kinetics of electrode reaction was investigated by conducting CV experiments at different scanning rates of 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 mVs-1. The diffusion coefficients (D) and heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (ko) of both anodic and cathodic process were 1.04 x10-5 cm2.s-1, 1.73x10-6 cm2.s-1, 0.0004 cm.s-1 and 0.0011 cm.s-1, respectively. The obtained results showed that the anode exhibits high bioeletrocatalytic activity due to the attachment of G. sulfurreducens on the anode surface.
      19  4
  • Publication
    Review on biobutanol as Malaysia potential biofuels
    (American Institute of Physics Inc., 2022-11-18)
    Kaundar P.
    ;
    Ken C.C.
    ;
    Farizul Hafiz Kasim
    ;
    Tamayo J.P.
    ;
    Hafiza Shukor
    This review is to investigate the potential of biobutanol as Malaysia biofuels by utilizing various types of wastes available in Malaysia. Palm oil mill industry waste like palm oil mill effluent that annually produced around 58 million tons every year has contribute as a major resource in a production of biobutanol in Malaysia with a production range from 2.75 to 14.4?g/L and a yield from 0.23 to 0.35?g/g, depends on types of biomasses used. Agricultural waste like rice straw, rice husk, sugarcane straw and sugarcane bagasse were found to be the second largest resources that has been used in biobutanol production with a production range from 6.34 to 26.5?g/L and yield from 0.12 to 0.46?g/g. Industrial waste that consist of valuable compositions also has been found to be as one of potential resources in Malaysia for biobutanol production and generally, 1.4 to 11.04?g/L biobutanol with a yield range from 0.24 to 0.40?g/g can be produced. Therefore, this paper intent to discuss in detail the characteristics of biomass generated from palm oil mill industry, agricultural activities and industrial effluent that make it as a potential resource for biobutanol production in Malaysia together with current technology and development to enhance the production. Government strategies and policies towards beneficial to the economics as well as for other stakeholders like industrial player also has been point off in this review for future biobutanol developments in Malaysia.
      3
  • Publication
    Mixture of Sludge and Chicken Manure in Membrane-Less Microbial Fuel Cell for Simultaneous Waste Treatment and Energy Recovery
    (MDPI, 2022-07-01)
    Malik N.N.A.
    ;
    Sabri M.N.I.M.
    ;
    Tajarudin H.A.
    ;
    Shoparwe N.F.
    ;
    Hafiza Shukor
    ;
    Makhtar M.M.Z.
    ;
    Abbas S.Z.
    ;
    Yong Y.C.
    ;
    Rafatullah M.
    In addition to disposal issues, the abundance of sludge and chicken manure has been a rising issue in Malaysia. Membrane-less microbial fuel cell (ML-MFC) technology can be considered as one of the potential solutions to the issues of disposal and electricity generation. However, there is still a lack of information on the performance of an ML-MFC powered by sludge and chicken manure. Hence, with this project, we studied the performance of an ML-MFC supplemented with sludge and chicken manure, and its operating parameters were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) through central composite design (CCD). The optimum operating parameters were determined to be 35 °C, 75% moisture content, and an electrode distance of 3 cm. Correspondingly, the highest power density, COD removal efficiency, and biomass acquired through this study were 47.2064 mW/m2, 98.0636%, and 19.6730 mg/L, respectively. The obtained COD values for dewatered sludge and chicken manure were 708 mg/L and 571 mg/L, respectively. COD values were utilized as a standard value for the substrate degradation by Bacillus subtilis in the ML-MFC. Through proximate analyses conducted by elemental analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), the composition of carbon and magnesium for sludge and chicken manure was23.75% and 34.20% and 78.1575 mg/L and 71.6098 mg/L, respectively. The proposed optimal RSM parameters were assessed and validated to determine the ML-MFC operating parameters to be optimized by RSM (CCD).
      2
  • Publication
    Bibliometric Analysis on Biobutanol Production Research Trends from 2010-2022 using Scopus Database
    ( 2024-03-01)
    Amin M.A.
    ;
    Hafiza Shukor
    ;
    Makhtar M.M.Z.
    ;
    Ismail M.I.
    ;
    Yaakop N.S.
    ;
    Shafiq M.D.
    ;
    Shoparwe N.F.
    The global demand for biofuels as an alternative energy source is on the rise due to the anticipated decline in fossil fuel (gasoline). Biobutanol, among various biofuels, has garnered significant attention for its advanced features and suitability as an alternative to fossil fuels. Recognizing the importance of understanding research issues and fostering collaborative networks, this bibliometric analysis focuses on synthesizing research trends in biobutanol production over the past 12 years. Examining 357 Scopus-indexed documents, the study shows that over 80% of relevant articles were published after 2010, indicating the recent emergence of literature in this field. Citation analysis identifies publishing trends dating back to 2010, highlighting leading scholars. In 2016, 47 publications in Chemical Engineering were attributed to the field, with Professor Sahaid authoring 12 publications, primarily affiliated with UKM. Chemical Engineering comprised the predominant subject area, with articles constituting 75.07% of total publications. Bioresource Technology was the primary source title, and the keyword Biobutanol was frequently associated with the research (92.16%). UKM led in institutional contributions with 12 publications, while India had the highest total publications at 17.65%, and Malaysia contributed 6.44%. The majority of publications (88.24%) originated from journal publications, and English was the predominant language, accounting for 96.64% of the publications. This paper underscores the recent surge in biobutanol research and the importance of collaborative efforts for further advancements.
      15  2