The microbial fuel cell (MFC) has emerged as an innovative and sustainable renewable energy technology, offering a potential alternative to address the global energy crisis. Operating through electrochemical processes, MFCs harness the power of electrogenic bacteria (EB) as biocatalysts to generate electricity. This chapter highlights the untapped potential of sewage sludge, derived from wastewater treatment, as a valuable fuel source within the MFC system. Extensive research has demonstrated the abundance of organic components present in sewage sludge, making it highly amenable to degradation through microbiological pathways within the MFC. Despite the lack of large-scale commercial utilization of MFC technology in wastewater treatment plants, the significant progress and promising findings indicate its effectiveness in addressing the challenges associated with sewage sludge management. The MFC system not only facilitates the simultaneous generation of energy but also contributes to bioremediation efforts. The redox potential inherent in MFCs enables this dual functionality, effectively integrating energy production with the treatment of sewage sludge. This chapter sheds light on the potential of MFC technology as an advanced approach for sewage sludge treatment. By harnessing the capabilities of electrogenic bacteria and capitalizing on the rich organic composition of sewage sludge, MFCs offer a sustainable solution that can simultaneously address energy needs and promote efficient waste management in wastewater treatment plants. The abundant and promising data accumulated thus far underscore the viability and potential of MFCs in mitigating the challenges associated with sewage sludge waste.