Browsing by Type "proceedings-article"
  • Publication
    A 3.5 GHz wearable antipodal vivaldi antenna for 5G applications
    (IEEE, 2024-01)
    Sadia Afroz
    ;
    Azremi Abdullah Al-Hadi
    ;
    Surentiran Padmanathan
    ;
    Saidatul Norlyana Azemi
    ;
    Wee Fwen Hoon
    ;
    Bikash Chandra Sahoo
    ;
    Yen San Loh
    ;
    Che Muhammad Nor Che Isa
    ;
    Lun Hao Tung
    ;
    Lai Ming Lim
    ;
    Zambri Samsudin
    ;
    Idris Mansor
    ;
    Soh Ping Jack
    This paper represents a wideband wearable antenna for 5G applications. In this proposed design, an antipodal vivaldi antenna structure is implemented on a polyimide and polyester combined substrate. The 120 × 95 × 0.82 mm3 sized antenna acquired a wide bandwidth of 910 MHz with a realized gain of 5.42 dBi and efficiency of 96 percent.
      7  1
  • Publication
    A five-level inverter using SEPIC converter for motor drive application
    (AIP Publishing Ltd., 2023)
    Muhamad Akmal Aazmi
    ;
    Muhammad Izuan Fahmi Romli
    ;
    A. Z. Iman
    The research in inverter is one of the fast-evolving technology in the present era and many researchers start to replace the conventional transformer with different types of circuits. A major problem with the conventional transformers resulting in entire system in expensive range and voluminous. This paper will demonstrate a new technique to replace the conventional transformer concept by using dual DC/DC SEPIC Converter and modified H-bridge inverter to form a five-level inverter with multirange voltage selection which depending on the duty-cycle employed for SEPIC converter. The input DC voltage of the proposed inverter can be stepped-down or stepped-up the five-level output voltage waveform which make it suitable to drive the AC motor drive. A simulation using PowerSim with various duty-cycle values, are used to evaluate the suggested inverter.
      7  1
  • Publication
    A Monte Carlo simulation for a variable-value stream mapping (V-VSM) and risk assessment - failure mode and effect analysis (RA-FMEA); a case study
    (AIP Pubishing, 2023)
    Mohd Shihabudin Ismail
    ;
    Mohamad Shaiful Ashrul Ishak
    ;
    Muhammad Iqbal Muhammad Hussain
    Value Stream Mapping (VSM) is one of the most used lean manufacturing methods for determining cycle time (CT) and lead time (LT) in the process flow from customer order to shipment. Value-added (VAA) and non-value added (NVAA) events in the flow must be defined and noted in the VSM. However, there are only a few studies that take risk management into account when calculating lead times. Variable VSM (V-VSM) will be used in this report, with (minimum, most-likely(mean), maximum) values for each CT/LT and Risk Assessment-Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (RA-FMEA) for all risks reported. For a more accurate result, the model will be simulated using Monte Carlo simulation with@Risk software. Prior to the simulation, each process must be described by the best-fit probability distribution. The (minimum, most-likely(mean), maximum) time values of total CT/LT and Risk that the management should consider when preparing the raw material order, VAA/NVAA activities in the production line, Work in Progress (WIP), process layout and shipment schedule are the results of this analysis. For management, the current and future VSMs could be finalized, displaying all relevant variables. This model will be tested in a small and medium food manufacturing facility that produces mixed powder drinks. However, the emphasis of this paper will be on the Monte Carlo simulation using@Risk software based on V-VSM and RA-FMEA model created.
  • Publication
    A review of implantable and ingestible antenna for wireless capsule endoscopy system
    (AIP Publishing, 2023)
    Wei Wen Tai
    ;
    Muhammad Solihin Zulkefli
    ;
    Ping Jack Soh
    Wireless medical devices are utilized to obtain physiological signals from the human body to an external monitoring device. The in-body antenna plays a crucial role in ensuring the transmission of physiological signals for implantable or ingestible wireless medical devices. One of the wireless medical devices that involve implantable and ingestible antennas is capsule endoscopy. The implantable one is to be implanted surgically into the human body while the ingestible one is swallowed like a multi-vitamin to perform a wide variety of diagnostic and therapeutic functions in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. A review of both antennas and their application is presented. Besides, the design of such in-body antenna in the wireless capsule endoscopy especially in current technologies (e.g Wi-Fi, WLAN, Bluetooth, IoT) is extremely challenging and intriguing owing to it deals with the challenges related to the selection of operating frequency band, type of antenna design, and antenna miniaturization technique. Most of the antenna is facing the issue with bandwidth, transmission rate, the robustness of the communication links, size constraint, components arrangement in capsule, and others that could directly affect the patient safety and performance of capsule endoscopy in the human body. Nevertheless, the application of such implantable and ingestible antenna in wireless capsule endoscopy is incessant and rapid growth along with the evolution of technology, thus eliminating any concerns related to the aforementioned challenges and their invasive nature. In this paper, comparative reviews on the design consideration of the in-body antennas are discussed.
      10  2
  • Publication
    A review of optimization algorithms in SVM parameters
    (AIP Publishing, 2023)
    Hussein Ibrahim Hussein
    ;
    Said Amirul Anwar Ab Hamid@Ab Majid
    The SVM is a widely known machine learning, which is very useful for regression applications and pattern classification. These machines have been used successfully in several domains to address numerous real-world challenges. In this context, parameter optimisation for an SVM is a widely researched topic, which has attracted attention from several research domains. Algorithms facilitating optimisation have been of greater interest compared to other algorithms. Algorithmic approaches allow the optimal parameters for an SVM to be determined, after which the model can be adapted for several other applications. During the last two decades, several enhancements have been brought about to facilitate better optimisation of SVM models to offer enhanced performance. This paper focuses on the several algorithms currently employed to optimise support vector machines in their basic and modified forms. This paper comprises a comprehensive analysis of algorithms and aims to ascertain the present challenges relating to algorithms used for SVM parameter optimisation. This study cannot evaluate all the details; however, the significant theoretical aspects are covered using references to existing literature.
      4  2
  • Publication
    A study on employees resistance to change in managing organization: a case study of public and private sector in Perlis
    (AIP Publishing, 2023)
    Nur Syuhadah Kamaruddin
    ;
    Norshahrizan Nordin
    ;
    Suraiya Ibrahim
    ;
    S. M. S. Izwaan
    ;
    M. Marniati
    This research study is implemented to identify the problems faced by employees that bring of resistance to change in private and public organizations. The objection made by employees is the main obstacles for organization to improve their performance and achieve the goals of company. This study involves number of factors that have been chosen from the previous studies as the components of resistance to change among employees. This study will touch on some factors that contributing to this problem such as employee behaviour, organization culture and employee perception. The research method used in this study is the quantitative research design by using questionnaire that will be distributed to 100 of respondent from the public and private sector in the state of Perlis. The analysis that conducted in this study includes correlation analysis, regression analysis and cross tabulation analysis to investigate the relationship between the selected variables to achieve the research objectives. From the study, the result showed the variables involved such as employees behaviour and organization culture are not having a strong influence to the causes of resistance to change but the employees perception has a strong influence to the causes of employee's resistance to change that would be run by the organization. This study is important and helpful to provide a guideline for the local organization to plan the change management in nowadays and for the future organization.
      19  13
  • Publication
    ABCS antenna for wireless body area network at 26 GHz
    (AIP Publishing Ltd., 2023)
    Muhammad Afifi
    ;
    Saidatul Norlyana Azemi
    ;
    Amiza Amir
    ;
    Soh Ping Jack
    The paper presents the design and investigation of a wearable textile antenna (receiver) and transmitter antenna operating in the wireless body area network (WBAN) of 26 GHz band for 5G mobile networks. The wearable antenna with an overall size of 30 mm x 40 mm x 1.26 mm achieves good impedance matching, high gain, and directive radiation pattern. Both antennas were designed using CST Microwave Studio to validate the simulation results. A rectangular radiating patch comprises a Shieldit electrotextile situated on one side of a non-conductive substrate panel with the ground plane. The bed sheet cotton fabric is used as the non-conductive substrate due to its widespread use in daily clothing with a dielectric constant is 3.2 and the loss tangent is 0.0027. In addition, the wearable antenna successfully achieved the high gain and efficiency of 12 dB and 90.83% respectively. Moreover, the antenna operating at 26 GHz with -40.48 dB return loss, which is less than the -10 dB in requirement. The simulated results show that this proposed wearable antenna is best suited for wireless body area network applications. Hence, the wearable antenna is simple, compact and easy to fabricate.
      1  12
  • Publication
    An Analysis of Interpolation Implementation for LNS Addition and Subtraction Function in Positive Region
    ( 2016)
    Siti Zarina Md Naziri
    ;
    Rizalafande Che Ismail
    ;
    Ali Yeon Md Shakaff
    Interpolation is among of the most popular approach used in approximating the values in logarithmic number system (LNS) arithmetic design. This method that often combines with lookup tables (LUTs) manages to produce efficient LNS design in area, latency and accuracy. Current research proves that the combination of interpolators with co-transformation in LNS subtraction had shown extreme improvements in terms of speed and area, which is comparable to floating point (FLP) performance. Taking the advantage, this research had been conducted to analyze the implementation of these three interpolators, which are Taylor, Lagrange and modified Lagrange, in a 32-bit environment of the LNS addition and subtraction procedures with the first-order co-transformation in positive region. The designs were analyzed in two categories, which are the accuracy towards FLP and the total memory consumption. The best interpolator was selected based on the most optimum area consumption design with manageable accuracy in FLP limit. The outcome of this analysis could benefit further improvements in LNS design.
  • Publication
    An internal and external factors affecting customer loyalty: a case study of fast food industry in Kulim, Kedah
    (AIP Publishing, 2023)
    Nur Syuhadah Kamaruddin
    ;
    Norshahrizan Nordin
    ;
    Suraiya Ibrahim
    ;
    S. M. S. Izwaan
    ;
    Marniati Marniati
    Malaysia is one of the countries which show the largest household budget spending in food. Fast food industries which operating in Malaysia, having a rapidly expanding and balanced growth for the past few years. It is very convenience to the busy lifestyles. McDonald is the highest leading fast food brand among the food and beverages. It is the most successful fast food chain in the world. McDonald's was originated in California, USA in 1954. It has been the most recognized brand in the world. McDonald's has successfully established more than 30,000 franchising in 119 countries. McDonald's also enhancing its brand image through the social activities and sponsorship of special events sports such as sponsorship for the Champions League Football. Based on the results, the highest mean is Satisfaction which has 3.6614 mean and 0.53362 for standard deviation. The lowest mean is Customer Loyalty whereby the mean is 3.1980 and for the standard deviation is 0.78547. It tells that each business should show the primary focus to the customers because they are the source of income for a company. Furthermore, the fast food business is necessary to create customer loyalty for long term endurance in the market. This research includes the factors that affect the customer loyalty towards the McDonald's. The respondents are among 100 customers' who dine in Kulim McDonald's. This study is aimed to examine the internal and external factors affect customer loyalty. This can craft loyalty customers to their business. Customer's loyalty is an important element for a company or business to generate profit and maintain sustainability in the market. Loyal customers are the customer who purchase the company's products and services and maintains the positive assertiveness towards the service provider. Loyalty is also considered as long term pledge which involves the repeated benefaction and favorable point of view.
  • Publication
    Analysis about implementation of pico-hydro circulation system as renewable energy with low head
    (AIP Publishing, 2023)
    Eswanto
    ;
    Hanapi Hasan
    ;
    Zuradzman Mohamad Razlan
    The implementation of the utilization of pico-hydro energy generators with circulation systems using water as the working fluid currently exists, but needs to be further developed so that it is more widely applied by the community. In the current situation, where we know that countries in the world are trying to have an environmentally friendly energy source. This research that has been completed aims to analyze how the implementation of the performance of using pico hydro if it is applied with a low head. In this study, the method was carried out experimentally on a laboratory experimental scale, this was done in order to obtain data to be able to proceed with the implementation of pico hydro at low head flow. In this section of the results we can present that with a low head the implementation of pico hydro can be applied, various blade angles provide information on an increase in performance if the angle is greater it can be seen that from point 0 to 90 there is an increasing tangential force that works, this is due to the increasing the magnitude of the applied force. As for losses, the greater the flow capacity, the greater the losses. The biggest losses are at the angle of the turbine shaft slope of 60° and blade 90, which is 0.28 m.
  • Publication
    Analysis of the performance of SLIC super-pixel toward pre-segmentation of soil-transmitted helminth
    (AIP Publishing, 2023)
    Loke Siew Wen
    ;
    Lim Chee Chin
    ;
    Aimi Salihah Abdul Nasir
    ;
    Norhanis Ayunie Ahmad Khairudin
    ;
    Chong Yen Fook
    ;
    Mohd Yusoff Mashor
    ;
    Zeehaida Mohamed
    Soil-Transmitted Helminth (STH) infections are one of the most severe health issues in the world including Malaysia and frequently happened in an unsanitary environment within the children group. The helminth infections are diagnosed by inspecting the faeces samples manually through light microscope. However, the manual inspection method to diagnose the helminth egg is a time-consuming and challenging process especially when are huge number of samples. To increase the efficiency and accuracy of the diagnosis, an analysis of super-pixel segmentation with different parameter adjustments on four different species was carried out. This work described a Simple Linear Iterative Clustering (SLIC) super-pixel algorithm that uses different parameter settings to explore more parasites image features for a better segmentation process in the future and to analyse the effect of different SLIC parameter settings towards the pre-segmentation process. There is total 80 images collected from the four helminth egg species which are Ascaris Lumbricoides Ova (ALO), Enterobius Vermicularis Ova (EVO), Hookworm Ova (HWO) and Trichuris Trichiura Ova (TTO). The proposed approach is divided into three steps. First, the images with various lighting conditions are enhanced by the partial contrast stretching (PCS) technique. The simple linear iterative clustering (SLIC) super-pixel algorithm was implemented to the enhanced images as a pre-segmentation algorithm to form super-pixel images. Lastly, image quality assessment will be performed on the SLIC images. The SLIC parameter compactness of super-pixel, m of 5 and number of super-pixels, k of 1000 was selected because they generate the greatest PSNR value, indicating that this combination of parameters could produce high-quality images. In future, a more in-depth analysis of the parameter k and m, which impacts the form of each super-pixel and the pre-segmentation process, might improve the recommended approach.
  • Publication
    Android-based timetable manager for university students using rule-based algorithm
    (AIP Publishing Ltd., 2023)
    Lim Yan Yi
    ;
    Norfadila Mahrom
    ;
    Calvin Lim
    Currently, there are several drawbacks in the existing university timetable system, including students do not know the class hour of subjects that they are going to register during the registration period. This situation has resulting in clashing in the class hour of the registered subjects. In addition, some students are not aware of this situation until it is too late from them to drop and register other subjects. This particularly happened to those who has more than two registered subjects clash and resulting in overlook at the rest of clashed subjects. Besides, students find it is inconvenient to view the timetable through the current timetable system. Thus, the development of an Android based mobile application that able to notify students if the class hour of the subjects they registered are overlapping is presented in this paper. The application also able to manage the student timetable by reporting details such as venue, day and the time of clashed subjects. Then, the application will suggest student to select elective subjects or subjects that students wish to retake to prevent clashing in class hour. The software development of the application is based on the Agile model and using rule-based algorithm. The application is developed in Android Studio by using Java as the programming language and all data is stored in Firebase Realtime Database. In conclusion, this paper presents results of the application that has successfully designed and developed.
      2  12
  • Publication
    Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of Azadirachta Indica (neem) and Clinacanthus Nutans (snake grass) leaves extract
    (AIP Publishing, 2023)
    Che Wan Sharifah Robiah Mohamad
    ;
    Siti Zulaika Zaini
    ;
    Nurul Jannah Jamaluddin
    ;
    Khairul Farihan Kasim
    ;
    Shaida Fariza Sulaiman
    Azadirachta indica (A. indica) and Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans) is a traditional medicinal plant with a great medical impact on bacteria inflammation. They are few studies for the phytochemical and antimicrobial were conducted for both types of plants. Phytochemical analysis was performed using classical colorimetric methods, which is the folin-Ciocalteu method and aluminum chloride precipitation were employed for quantitative of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). Meanwhile, antioxidant activity was estimated by DPPH scavenging value. Antimicrobial activity was determined by using the agar well diffusion method against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (Staphy. aureus). The methanol crude extract of A. indica and C. nutans showed low content of phenolic, 1.65 mg GAE/g, 0.18 mg GAE/g; flavonoid content is 43.56 mg QE/g and 26.07 mg QE/g respectively for both extracts. Meanwhile, the percentage of scavenging activity is 87.13% and 34.90% for A. indica and C. nutans. Regarding the antimicrobial activity, the A. indica extract inhibits the growth of target bacteria with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 31.25 mg/ml for both strains and almost no inhibitory concentration for C. nutans. Hence, aim this study is to determine two local plant varieties as a source of antimicrobial agents by used soxhlet extraction method.
      7  1
  • Publication
    Application of fuzzy failure mode, effect and criticality analysis (fuzzy FMECA) with extended rule of criticality ranking assessment: a case study in ghee and soap industry
    (AIP Publishing, 2023)
    Adel Ali Azawqari
    ;
    Rosmaini Ahmad
    ;
    Badiea Aswaidy M
    ;
    Shaliza Azreen Mustafa
    This paper presents the application of fuzzy FMECA for item criticality ranking assessment. A case study from Yemen's ghee and soap industry was used, which focuses on a critical production system of seaming process. The proposed fuzzy FMECA framework is divided into three main phases. The first phase is the FMECA procedure that is commonly applied with criticality analysis is performed based on risk priority number (RPN) calculation of severity (S), occurrence (O) and detection (D) parameters measures. The second phase is the estimation of RPN based on the fuzzy approach, which is carried out based on Gaussian membership function application. The third phase is the final criticality ranking assessment process to prioritize the production components under study. In this phase, an extended rule is introduced to avoid/minimize overlapping values in criticality ranking determination. A case study on a critical production system that consists of overall 32 components was used for framework validation. The MATLAB fuzzy logic toolbox was used to assist the fuzzification process towards RPN numbers estimation. The overall results of FMECA with comparison values of typical RPN and fuzzy RPN are presented. The discussion on the implications and benefits of the extended rule application towards final criticality ranking determination is then given.
      2  5
  • Publication
    Arithmetic addition and subtraction function of logarithmic number system in positive region: An investigation
    ( 2015)
    Siti Zarina Md Naziri
    ;
    Rizalafande Che Ismail
    ;
    Ali Yeon Md Shakaff
    Logarithmic number system or LNS has become an optimal choice in digital image processing instead of floating point (FP) system based on latest researches in LNS. Digital image processing which deals with a lot of complex operations such as multiplication and division, makes LNS as a great choice of implementation. However, the implementation had been restricted by the addition and subtraction function in LNS arithmetic as these functions entail complex procedures and circuitry. As its huge potential to be a substitution of FP, there is an urgent need for LNS to improve the performance of both operations. Hence, various studies had been conducted in this area, however most of the research concern the implementation of these operations in the negative region. Therefore, this study is conducted with the objective on the exploration of both LNS addition and subtraction operations in the positive region and highlights the potential areas for design modifications and improvements. Then, these enhancements will be combined with other arithmetic functions in creating an optimum LNS design to be utilized in any digital image processing system.
      15  20