Now showing 1 - 10 of 12
  • Publication
    Thermal properties and mass spectra of heavy mesons in the presence of a Point-Like defect
    ( 2024)
    Etido P. Inyang
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    ; ; ; ;
    N.R. Ali
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    Muhammad Muhammad Asjad
    In this research, the radial Schr¨odinger equation is solved analytically using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method with the Cornell potential. The energy spectrum and the corresponding wave function are obtained in close form. The effect of Topological Defect on the thermal properties and mass spectra of heavy mesons such as charmonium and bottomonium are studied with the obtained energy spectrum. It is found that the presence of the Topological Defect increases the mass spectra and moves the values close to the experimental data. Our results agreed with the experimental data and are seen to be improved when compared with other works.
  • Publication
    Development of green-Naghdi level I equation
    ( 2024)
    Siti Maryam Hafiza Mohd Kanafiah
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    ;
    Mohd Ridza Mohd Haniffah
  • Publication
    Iteration Variational Method for Solving Two-Dimensional Partial Integro-Differential Equations
    ( 2020-08-13)
    Hussain A.K.
    ;
    Fadhel F.S.
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    ;
    The two-dimensional integro-differential partial equations is one of the so difficult problems to be solved analytically and/or approximately, and therefore, a method that is efficient for solving such type of problems seems to be necessary. Therefore, in this paper, the iteration methods, which is so called the variational iteration method have been used to provide a solution to such type of problems approximately, in which the obtained results are very accurate in comparison with the exact solution for certain well selected examples which are constructed so that the exact solution exist. Main results of this work is to derive first the variational iteration formula and then analyzing analytically the error term and prove its convergence to zero as the number of iteration increases.
  • Publication
    Corrosion behaviour of mild steel : insights from tafel extrapolation analysis in flowing 3.5% NaCl solutions and soil with diverse resistivity levels
    ( 2024-12)
    Mahalaksmi Gunasilan
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    ; ; ;
    Wan Mohd Haqqi Wan Ahmad
    The corrosion behaviour of AISI 1006 steel in diverse environmental conditions were comprehensively investigated to offer valuable insights into corrosion mitigation strategies for critical infrastructure protection. This study employed an optical emission spectrometer, pH measurements, soil resistivity assessment, and Tafel extrapolation conducted with a potentiostat. The study encompassed stagnant and flowing 3.5% NaCl solutions, with flow velocities ranging from 0 to 12 km/h, and considered soil corrosiveness based on soil resistivity. In stagnant 3.5% NaCl solutions, minimal corrosion was observed due to limited oxygen availability, resulting in a 6.634 x 10¯3 mm/year corrosion rate. A noteworthy trend was evident in flowing 3.5% NaCl solutions, with corrosion rates peaking at 9 km/h (11.918 x 10¯3 mm/year) and subsequently decreasing at 12 km/h (10.423 x 10¯3 mm/year). This intriguing pattern may be attributed to the potential formation of a protective oxide layer at higher flow velocities, likely due to increased dissolved oxygen and mass transport. The soil's corrosiveness significantly influenced corrosion rates, with lower-resistivity soils exhibiting heightened corrosion rates. In very mildly corrosive soil, AISI 1006 steel displayed a corrosion rate of 2.818 x 10¯4 mm/year. The corrosion rate increased as soil corrosiveness intensified, reaching its peak of 6.319 x 10¯4 mm/year in severely corrosive soil. Extremely corrosive soil led to a corrosion rate of 8.033 x 10¯4 mm/year, as improved soil conductivity accelerated ion transfer and electron flow, ultimately expediting corrosionrelated electrochemical reactions. This study enhances the understanding of AISI 1006 steel corrosion in varying conditions, providing critical data for corrosion control in structures and assets, emphasising the need for tailored prevention measures.
  • Publication
    Prediction of carbon concentration profile within carburised-carbon steel 1024 using Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) method
    Pack carburisation is recognised to improve the carbon surface content of carburised-carbon steel 1024 that enhance the surface hardness and further can be used in automobiles, form implements, machines, gears and springs. The transient two-dimensional diffusion equation that represents the carbon concentration profile within the carburised-carbon steel 1024 is discretised using Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) technique. A semi-analytical method is used to verify the ADI method and the numerical algorithm is developed in MATLAB software. To materialise the pack carburisation process, the boundary condition, initial condition and step time are encoded to signify the experiment conditions from the literature. The simulation results successfully predicted the carbon concentration profile within the carburised-carbon steel 1024 with variation of carburisation time (2 hours to 60 hours) and temperature (900°C - 1000°C). The effect of carburisation time and temperature are evaluated and the relation of both effects on the carbon development is explained. Simulation results show that carburisation extended to 60 hours only increases the carbon content at the core to 0.3wt % from 0.24 wt% of its original content. The small increment is satisfactory to maintain its ductility by hardening the surface.
  • Publication
    Numerical simulation of Burgers’ equation
    ( 2017-12)
    Intan Mastura Ramlee
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    An exponential finite difference technique is first presented by Bhattacharya for one‐dimensional unsteady state. In this study, the exponential finite difference technique was used to solve the Burgers’ equationin one‐dimensional with different value of h(stepsize). Burgers’ equation is considered in this study because the equation governing simple nonlinear diffusion process.Since the Burgers’ equation is nonlinear, the Hopf‐Coletrans for mation is applied to the linear heat equation which was converted from Burgers’ equation. Then, the exponential finite difference methods are used to obtain numerical solution. Three techniques have been implemented namely explicit exponential finite difference method, implicit exponential finite difference method and modified Burgers’ equation using explicit exponential finite difference method. In the solution process, the explicit exponential finite difference method used a direct to solve the Burgers’ equation while the implicit exponential finite difference method leads to a system of nonlinear equation. A teach time‐level, Newton’s method is used to solve the nonlinear system. The solution of the one‐dimensional modified Burgers’ equation is using the explicit exponential finite difference method. The solution process has discretized the time derivative and spatial derivative using exponential finite difference technique. Numerical solutions for each method are compared with exact solution and the results obtained using the three methods are precise and reliable. The percent errors are computed and found to be sufficiently small.
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  • Publication
    Numerical study of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforced Normal Strength Concrete (FRPNSC) under hydrocarbon fire
    (IOP Publishing, 2020)
    N I M Shukeri
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    Main safety requirements in concrete structural are the fire resistance requirements. One of the structural components is Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforced Normal Strength Concrete (FRPNSC). FRP reinforcement has been used as the replacement for conventional steel due to anti-corrosion and lightweight characteristics. Severe degradation on chemical bond properties for FRP will be effected when the temperature is rises. It is important to understand the minimum concrete cover thickness and concrete aggregates types to achieve fire resistance requirements. Standard fire equations are commonly used for fire simulations study. However, studies with hydrocarbon (HC) fire equations which fire ignited from petrochemical are limited. Therefore, in order to study the fire resistance of FRPNSC under hydrocarbon fire, temperature at the reinforcement needs to be predicted. In this study, explicit finite difference method (EFDM) used to solve the heat transfer model. The numerical algorithm of EFDM heat transfer model was constructed and used to analyse the concrete thickness and aggregates to achieve fire resistance requirement. The temperature result obtained by the EFDM model successfully validated with test data. FRPNSC under HC for carbonate aggregates give significant effect on the fire resistance compared to standard fire. The carbonate aggregates types also shows better fire performances compared to lightweight aggregates.
      4  1
  • Publication
    A mini-review of coupled convection-diffusion equations in a fixed-bed adsorption
    (IOP Publishing, 2020)
    Nurhusnina Mohd Supian
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    Environmental contamination triggered by dyes has gained global attention. Industrial effluent of dye in high concentration into the rivers must be reduced to minimise the harmful effect on the quality of water that threatens human health. The removal of dye from wastewater is a significant step in addressing the problem of dye emission which can be achieved through adsorption separation technologies. In the most adsorption process, the adsorbent is in contact with fluid in a fixed bed. The performance of adsorptive separation of dye can be predicted through a fixed bed mathematical model which consists of coupled partial differential equations for optimizing the design and operating conditions. This paper presents a mini-review of mathematical modelling of fixed-bed adsorption of dye. The discussions are limited to the used of single component-dye separation in, convection-diffusion equations coupled with Langmuir isotherm. Besides, the numerical methods used for solving the convection-diffusion equations are also discussed in this paper.
      1  3
  • Publication
    Effects of applied magnetic field on the optical properties and binding energies spherical GaAs quantum dot with donor impurity
    ( 2022)
    Collins Okon Edet
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    Emre Bahadir Al
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    Fatih Ungan
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    ; ; ; ;
    Muhammad Asjad
    The screened modified Kratzer potential (SMKP) model is utilized to scrutinize the impacts of an applied magnetic field (MF) on the binding energies and linear and nonlinear optical properties spherical GaAs quantum dot with donor impurity (DI). To accomplish this goal, we have used the diagonalization method to numerically solve the Schrödinger equation under the effective mass approximation for obtaining the electron energy levels and related electronic wave functions. The expressions used for evaluating linear, third-order nonlinear, and total optical absorption coefficients and relative refractive index changes were previously derived within the compact density matrix method. It has been shown here that the MF and DI impacts the characteristics of the absorption coefficients and the refractive index changes. This study’s results will find application in optoelectronics and related areas.
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