Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
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Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
Official Name
Wan Azani, Wan Mustafa
Alternative Name
Mustafa, W.
Azani Mustafa, Wan
Mustaffa, Wan Azani
Wan Mustafa, Wan Azani
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
57219421621
Researcher ID
J-4603-2014

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  • Publication
    Design and Simulation of 2×1 and 2×2 Array Antenna at 5.8 GHz for Gain and Axial Ratio Enhancement
    ( 2021-01-01)
    Muhammad Zaid Aihsan
    ;
    Hariz M.F.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Syed Zulkarnain Syed Idrus
    ;
    Hasliza A Rahim @ Samsuddin
    ;
    Alkhayyat A.
    A low gain and narrow bandwidth of single microstrip antenna element will not accomplish a good performance in wide applications. In this paper, the design and simulation of microstrip antenna with an arrays for gain enhancement were made. The suggested design is made up of four elements of microstrip antenna in rectangle shape which associated with an array pattern. The antenna is operating at 5.8 GHz. Each element is created with truncated-edge of rectangular shape which had an inclined slot on each patch which realize circular polarized capability. The design of the 2×1 and 2×2 of rectangular microstrip array antenna was implemented from the designed of single rectangular element of patch antenna as the basic building element. The designed 2×1 and 2×2 array were fed by microstrip transimmision line which applied a technique of quater wave impedance matching. The antenna design was etched on Rogers RT 5880 substrate which have dielectric constant of 2.2 and have a thickness of 1.53. All the designed structure were simulated in CST software. The proposed antenna finally will compared between both 2×1 and 2×2 design in terms of gain, axial ratio and reflection coefficient. The simulated antennas resonated exactly at the desired frequency of 5.8 GHz with reflection coefficient below than -10 dB which indicates good antenna designs. The 2×1 and 2×2 arrays obtained gain of 10.8 dB to 13.3 dB respectively. The results show that the proposed designed have an improved gain performance over the single patch antenna.
  • Publication
    Niblack algorithm modification using maximum-minimum (Max-min) intensity approaches on low contrast document images
    ( 2020-01-01)
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Wan Khairunizam Wan Ahmad
    ;
    Mat Yusoff A.S.
    ;
    Syed Zulkarnain Syed Idrus
    ;
    Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani
    In recent decades, detection or segmentation has been one of the major interesting research subjects due to the analysis of the information. However, most of the historical document has degraded and low contrast problem. Recently, many binarization methods were proposed in order to segment the text region from the background region in the low-quality image. In this paper, an improved binarization method was inspired by Niblack method was presented. The modification focuses to find the optimum threshold value by using the Maximum-Minimum intensity technique. The main target is to reduce the unwanted detection image and increase the resultant performance compared to the original Niblack method. The proposed method was applied to the document images from H-DIBCO 2012 and H-DIBCO 2014 dataset. The results of the numerical simulation indicate that the target was achieved by the F-Measure by F-measure (58.706), PSNR (10.778) and Accuracy (86.876). This finding will give a new benchmark to other researchers to propose an advance binarization method.
  • Publication
    Conductance property effect towards metamaterial performances for light application
    ( 2023-06-12)
    Marzuki M.K.
    ;
    Mohd Aminudin Jamlos
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Syed Zulkarnain Syed Idrus
    Unit cell is a meta-atom structured to form a metamaterial. The size of the unit cell is related to the frequency of waves. The structure size is smaller than the wavelength of the incident waves. Since light frequency used is Terahertz, the size of unit cell is in nanometer. Unit cell geometrical shape is design using copper and it placed on the Rogers substrate. It designed based on the desired of the researcher. There is no specific design assigned to specific application. The objective in this paper is to exhibit the negative refractive index or negative index material that is capable to bend the light wave. H Shape design has been used widely as a design to manipulate the electromagnetic waves but none of them used for higher frequency such as light frequency. The negative value of material properties obtained from the simulation of the metamaterial at three different part which are at phase=0, real value and imaginary value. CST Microwave Studio 2018 used as a simulation software. The results show all the negative value of material properties obtained at different frequency range. However, the negative value of material properties at phase=0 and imaginary part is obtained at same frequency range. While for real part, the negative value for all material properties occurred at different frequency range. This H-Shape design is suitable to manipulate the lights radiation waves.
  • Publication
    Contrast enhancement on pap smear cell images: A comparison
    ( 2023-06-12)
    Hameed M.S.S.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Syed Zulkarnain Syed Idrus
    ;
    Mohd Aminudin Jamlos
    ;
    Alquran H.
    Cervical cancer is a common disease that can be carried by women. It is the 3rd leading cause of female cancer in Malaysia and the 4th most common type of cancer for women globally. Referring to the HPV Information Centre in 2018, it is estimated that 1682 women are diagnosed and 944 die from having cervical cells. In 2018, 569, 847 of the 18,078,957 cases were categorised as cervical cancer, which is 3.2%. With the advancement in science and technology, cervical cancer can be detected at an early stage by conducting a Pap smear test. This test will filter abnormal cervical cells and detect precancerous changes in cervical cells based on the colour and shape properties of their nuclei and cytoplasm. The problem is that performing the procedure manually can be time-consuming and cause inconsistencies and errors even further because the cervical cell itself does not show an obvious difference in texture and colour from normal cells. This paper will focus on colour contrast enhancement of the cervical cell using a few methods such as Contrast Stretching (CS), CLAHE, Histogram Equalization (HE), Image Adjustment, and Multi Scale Retinex (MSR). From this research, the cervical cell colour contrast can be enhanced to a better level and the detection of cervical cells can happen faster and more accurately. Hence, the errors in detecting can be reduced again so they can be treated soon.
  • Publication
    Development of carbon monoxide detector for vehicles with auto window roll down and safety warning system
    ( 2023-06-12)
    Mohd Aminudin Jamlos
    ;
    Razali I.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Syed Zulkarnain Syed Idrus
    In the recent era, carbon monoxide (CO) gas leaks in vehicles are on the rise. As we know, the gas is so dangerous that it can affect our body by endangering the breathing and blood systems. The driver and the passenger due to lack of oxygen in the body. Therefore, gas leakage carries a high risk to all human beings. This project aims to solve this problem by detecting carbon monoxide gas. In addition, to make this project even more interesting, Raspberry Pi is used to control all the hardware used. Light-emitting diode (LEDs) and buzzers are used as alarm signals when the concentration of carbon monoxide gas reaches dangerous levels. Instead, a Global Positioning System (GPS) module is used to track location coordinates if carbon monoxide exceeds the danger threshold. When the gas concentration exceeds the threshold, a Blynk notification will be sent to the smartphone of the concerned person. In addition, the power window motor will roll the window down automatically when the CO gas concentration is higher than the threshold value. It will reduce the concentration of CO gas in the vehicle to prevent the toxicity of CO gas in the vehicle. This can prevent the endangered toxicity of CO gas the vehicle from being happened.
  • Publication
    Line Detection and Monitoring System on Woodball Sport
    ( 2021-06-15)
    Chandrasegaran J.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Umoruddin N.A.
    ;
    Mahyudin I.S.
    ;
    Mohd Aminudin Jamlos
    ;
    Syed Zulkarnain Syed Idrus
    ;
    Idris A.
    In most sports today, the decisions taken by referees are supported by the use of electronic technology. The detection and monitoring system of the woodball lines serves the same function, helping the referee to take decisions and modernise woodball sports. The modern sport of wood balls depends entirely on out decisions. The line detection technology helps inform the judge whether the ball is OB (out of Bounds), while the monitoring system notifies players, judges, and the crowd whether or not the gating is effective. But the referee's manual assistance is always necessary to start the game after a good gating, since the player cannot touch the wood ball the whole time. Finally, the percentage of precision and error was achieved.
  • Publication
    Overview of Segmentation X-Ray Medical Images Using Image Processing Technique
    ( 2020-06-17)
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Salleh N.M.
    ;
    Syed Zulkarnain Syed Idrus
    ;
    Mohd Aminudin Jamlos
    ;
    Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani
    Image processing techniques have been used in a wide variety of applications nowadays to enhance the quality of raw image data. Today, image segmentation or detection of x-tray medical imaging is very popular and challenges task in order to improve the diagnosis and analysis result. An x-ray image is one of the oldest photographic films that is mostly used in medical diagnosis and treatment. An x-ray image is a very useful modality for the physicians and doctors to determine and analyze the bone fracture, which is an important symptom used for diagnosis, but x-ray produces an only medium quality image, which will normally affect the information of the image. This article provides a review study of the medical image segmentation. Based on this study, the advantages and drawback each method clearly explained. This article presents an exhaustive review of these studies and suggests a direction for future developments in order to propose segmentation methods.
  • Publication
    A Review on Feature Extraction in Keystroke Dynamics
    ( 2020-06-17)
    Mohd Noorulfakhri Yaacob
    ;
    Syed Zulkarnain Syed Idrus
    ;
    Wan Nor Ashiqin Wan Ali
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Mohd Aminudin Jamlos
    ;
    Wahab M.H.A.
    Feature extraction is an important process before an analysis of a data is carry out. Different behaviour of a user while using the keyboard is a feature that need to be identified in the Keystroke Dynamics (KD) study. Example are the difference between typing time between letters, typing speed and the force of a person pressing the keyboard. Past studies related to feature extraction for KD have been described in this paper. Various features that have been used are listed and the results of the study are compared. The results of this writing are expected to help new researchers in the process of evaluating KD.
  • Publication
    A review of detection and classification cervical cell images
    ( 2023-06-12)
    Nahrawi N.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Syed Zulkarnain Syed Idrus
    ;
    Mohd Aminudin Jamlos
    ;
    Ismail S.
    ;
    Alquran H.
    ;
    Alqudah A.M.
    Cervical cancer is a very prevalent disease among women all over the world. Cervical cancer can form in the cervix cells found in the lower uterus. Women all over the world are at death risk as a result of this type of cancer. Cervical cancer has seven stages: normal intermediate, normal superficial, columnar, mild dysplasia, moderate dysplasia, severe dysplasia, and carcinoma in situ. Doctors in hospitals find it difficult to recognise cancer cells as it is challenging to view a nucleus through the naked eye. A normal cell's nucleus is smaller than an abnormal cell's nucleus. It is possible to calculate the size of the abnormal nucleus with the naked eye in order to assess the stages of cervical cancer. A tool for identifying and quantifying Pap smear cell images to detect cervical cancer has recently been suggested by several researchers. This method has the potential to increase detection and classification precision, resulting in improved results with balanced data and samples. A comprehensive study of nucleus detection cervical cancer classification techniques was conducted in this paper. As a result of the findings, the function database, detection and classification process, and device performance were all investigated for further evaluation.
  • Publication
    A Review: Pap Smear Analysis Based on Image Processing Approach
    ( 2020-06-17)
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Halim A.
    ;
    Mohd Aminudin Jamlos
    ;
    Syed Zulkarnain Syed Idrus
    Nowadays, in the hospital, cervical cancer is in the higher rank (number 2) of the most popular cancer among ladies in the world. This cancer develops in the woman's cervix which the womb is the entrance. Mostly, doctors in the hospital having trouble to identify the cancer cell because the nucleus of the cell is sometimes slightly hard to observe with eyes. The nucleus of the normal cell is in a smaller size compared to the abnormal nucleus. The abnormal nucleus has a bigger size, which sometimes, the size cannot be identified accurately by seeing with bare eyes to classify the stages of cervical cancer. This is because every doctor has different perspectives to observe the classification of the stages of cancer by observing the nucleus without accurate dimensionality reduction in the accuracy of the classifier. Recently, many researchers proposed a method to detect and classify the Pap smear cell images for cervical cancer diagnosis. This approach may improve the accuracy of the detection and the classification which to show better performance with the balance data and samples precisely. Some of the patients got the result that they are on stage 2, however after re-testing, they actually on stage 4 which the chance to heal is very low. This happens because the doctor can't find the accurate balance data and sample precisely. In this paper, a comprehensive review of cervical detection based on segmentation nucleus and classification was studied.