Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
  • Publication
    Review-Three Dimensional Zinc Oxide Nanostructures as an Active Site Platform for Biosensor: Recent Trend in Healthcare Diagnosis
    ( 2020-01-10)
    Napi M.L.M.
    ;
    Ahmad Noorden A.F.
    ;
    Loong Peng Tan M.
    ;
    Jamaluddin H.
    ;
    Hamid F.A.
    ;
    Ahmad M.K.
    ;
    ;
    Ahmad M.R.
    ;
    Sultan S.M.
    Morphology effect is one of the essential factors that influence the performance of electrochemical biosensors based on ZnO nanostructures. These nanostructures are characterized by anisotropic growth with different dimensionalities such as zero-dimensional, one-dimensional, and two-dimensional. More interestingly, when combining each dimension into another advanced dimensionality, i.e. the three-dimensional (3-D), exceptional properties can be generated that are not otherwise found in low dimensionalities. The outstanding popularity of 3-D ZnO stems from many factors, with one of the most important being its synergic advantages from its low dimensional sub-unit and the additional surface area of the 3-D structure due to an increased geometric volume. This review briefly describes the principles and growth mechanism factors of 3-D ZnO via solution-based approaches and additional advanced methods. The paper further expands on the latest advancement of research into the 3-D ZnO nanostructure-based electrochemical biosensors to detect biomolecules that harm humankind. We also discussed the analytical performance of these biosensors using different nanocomposite materials. Additionally, limitations and suggestions on particular sensing works are proposed. Lastly, the five-year progress in research into 3-D ZnO-based electrochemical biosensors' performance in healthcare diagnosis is compared and future challenges presented.
  • Publication
    Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles via cellar spider extract for enhanced functional properties in antimicrobial activities
    This study explores the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using cellar spider extracts as a sustainable alternative to traditional methods involving hazardous chemicals and radiation. The spider extracts effectively reduced zinc acetate dihydrate, yielding white precipitates indicative of ZnO NPs. Characterization through SEM revealed diverse morphologies, including spherical, rod-like, hexagonal, and uneven particles forming platelet-like aggregates. Further analyses, such as HPM, 3D nanoprofiler, and EDS, provided insights into size, shape, morphology, surface chemistry, thermal stability, and optical characteristics, quantifying the intended properties of the synthesized ZnO NPs. Antibacterial assays against E. coli and B. subtilis demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, affirming the nanoparticles' potential for antimicrobial applications. This green synthesis approach, validated through comprehensive characterization and quantitative measurements, offers a promising and environmentally friendly route for producing functional ZnO NPs.
  • Publication
    Modular architecture of a non-contact pinch actuation micropump
    ( 2012)
    Pei Song Chee
    ;
    Rashidah Arsat
    ;
    ; ;
    Ruzairi Abdul Rahim
    ;
    Pei Ling Leow
    This paper demonstrates a modular architecture of a non-contact actuation micropump setup. Rapid hot embossing prototyping was employed in micropump fabrication by using printed circuit board (PCB) as a mold material in polymer casting. Actuator-membrane gap separation was studied, with experimental investigation of three separation distances: 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm and 3.5 mm. To enhance the micropump performance, interaction surface area between plunger and membrane was modeled via finite element analysis (FEA). The micropump was evaluated against two frequency ranges, which comprised a low driving frequency range (0–5 Hz, with 0.5 Hz step increments) and a nominal frequency range (0–80 Hz, with 10 Hz per step increments). The low range frequency features a linear relationship of flow rate with the operating frequency function, while two magnitude peaks were captured in the flow rate and back pressure characteristic in the nominal frequency range. Repeatability and reliability tests conducted suggest the pump performed at a maximum flow rate of 5.78 mL/min at 65 Hz and a backpressure of 1.35 kPa at 60 Hz.
  • Publication
    Application of synopsys' taurus TCAD in developing CMOS fabrication process modules
    ( 2009-01) ;
    Chin Seng Fatt
    ;
    S. Sakrani
    Technology CAD (TCAD) refers to the use of computer simulation to model semiconductor processing and devics operation. TCAD has two major functions namely process simulation and device simulation. It performs the semiconductor process simulation and the device simulation by taking the description of the transistor layout input to stimulate the fabrication process and device behavior before the actual silicon is made. this paper illustrates the use of Synopsys' Taurus TCAD to develop and stimulate the fabrication and electrical behavior of NMOS and PMOS transistors in the complete CMOS process flow. Illustration also include how mask information extracted from a layout by Taurus Layout is used by TSUPREM-4 to produce an output file containing complete structure, mesh and doping information that can be read into MEDICI device simulator to extract electrical characteristics. The specified process includes, not only steps required to stimulate a MOSFET device, but also all steps of the hypothetical CMOS process.
      10  99
  • Publication
    Aluminium interdigitated electrode with 5.0 μm gap for electrolytic scooting
    ( 2024-06) ; ; ; ;
    Ismail Saad
    ;
    ; ; ;
    G. Yashni
    ;
    Nur Hulwani Ibrahim
    ;
    N. Parimon
    ;
    M. F. H. Rani
    The goal of the research project is to design, fabricate, and characterize an extremely sensitive biosensor for use in healthcare. Using AutoCAD software, a novel IDE pattern with a 5 μm finger gap was created. Conventional photolithography and regular CMOS technology were used in the fabrication process. A 3D nano profiler, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-power microscopy (HPM), and low-power microscopy (LPM) were used to physically characterize the manufactured IDE. Chemical testing was done using several pH buffer solutions, and electrical validation was performed using I-V measurements. The Al IDE was produced, with a tolerance of 0.1 μm between the fabricated IDEs and the design mask. Electrical measurements verified the flawless fabrication of the IDE, and the device's repeatability was validated by the outcomes of comparable IDE samples. For each pH buffer solution, a modest additional volume of 2 μl was used to quantitatively detect slight current fluctuations in the microampere range. Through pH calibration for advanced applications in the realm of chemical sensors using an amperometric method, this research study has verified the chemical behavior of the IDE.
  • Publication
    SOI based nanowire single-electron transistors: design, simulation and process development
    ( 2008-01) ;
    A. Rasmi
    ;
    Samsudi Sakrani
    One of the great problems in current large-scale integrated circuits is increasing power dissipation in a small silicon chip. Single-electron transistors which operate by means of oneby-one electron transfer, is relatively small and consume very low power and suitable for achieving higher levels of integration. In this research, the four masks step are involved namely source and drain mask, Polysilicon gate mask, contact mask, and metal mask. The masks were designed using ELPHY Quantum GDS II Editor with a nanowire length and nanowire width of approximately 0.10µm and 0.010 µm respectively. In addition, the process flow development of SET and the process and device simulation of SET are also explained in this paper. The Synopsys TCAD simulation tools are utilized for process and device simulation. The results from the device simulation showed that the final SET was operating at room temperature (300K) with a capacitance estimated around 0.4297 aF.
      3  9