Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
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Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
Official Name
Che Mohd Ruzaidi, Ghazali
Alternative Name
Ruzaidi, C. M.
Ruzaidi, Ghazali Che Mohd
Mohd Ruzaidi, Che
Ruzaidi, Ghazali
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Scopus Author ID
15760587000

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  • Publication
    Interaction of geopolymer filler and alkali molarity concentration towards the fire properties of glass-reinforced epoxy composites fabricated using filament winding technique
    ( 2022)
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Meor Ahmad Faris bin Meor Ahmad Tajudin
    ;
    Md Azree Othuman Mydin
    ;
    Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
    ;
    Yusrina Mat Daud
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Farah Farhana Zainal
    ;
    Muhammad Faheem Saloma
    ;
    Heah Cheng Mohd Tahir
    ;
    Morteza Yong
    This paper aims to find out the effect of different weight percentages of geopolymer filler in glass-reinforced epoxy pipe, and which can achieve the best mechanical properties and adhesion between high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer matrices. Different weight percentages and molarities of epoxy hardener resin and high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer were injected into the glass fiber. By manually winding filaments, composite samples were produced, and they were then allowed to cure at room temperature. To determine how well the geopolymer matrices adhere to the fiber reinforcement, the microstructure of the composites’ surfaces and perpendicular sections were examined. Maximum values of compressive strength and compressive modulus were 94.64 MPa and 2373.58 MPa, respectively, for the sample with a weight percentage of filler loading of 30 wt% for an alkali concentration of 12 M. This is a relatively wide range of geopolymer weight percentage of filler loading from 10 wt% to 40 wt%, at which we can obtain high compressive properties. By referring to microstructural analysis, adhesion, and interaction of the geopolymer matrix to glass fiber, it shows that the filler is well-dispersed and embedded at the fiber glass, and it was difficult to determine the differences within the range of optimal geopolymer filler content. By determining the optimum weight percent of 30 wt% of geopolymer filler and microstructural analysis, the maximum parameter has been achieved via analysis of high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer filler. Fire or elevated temperature represents one of the extreme ambient conditions that any structure may be exposed to during its service life. The heat resistance or thermal analysis between glass-reinforced epoxy (GRE) pipe and glass-reinforced epoxy pipe filled with high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer filler was studied by investigating burning tests on the samples, which shows that the addition of high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer filler results in a significant reduction of the melted epoxy.
  • Publication
    Mechanical effects on different solid to liquid ratio of geopolymer filler in epoxy resin
    ( 2021)
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
    ;
    Yusrina Mat Daud
    ;
    Meor Ahmad Faris bin Meor Ahmad Tajudin
    ;
    Saloma Hasyim
    ;
    Muhammad Taqiyuddin Lokman
    ;
    Farah Farhana Zainal
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    Geopolymer is formed from the alkali activation of materials rich in Si and Al content with the addition of a silicate solution to enhance the properties of the materials. This paper presents research on the mechanical properties of fly ash-based geopolymer filler in epoxy resin by varying different solid to liquid ratios using sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate as the alkaline activator. However, the common problem observed from the solid to liquid ratio is the influence of curing time and compressive strength of geopolymer to have the best mechanical property. The mix design for geopolymers of solid to liquid ratio is essential in developing the geopolymer’s mechanical strength. A series of epoxy filled with fly ash-based geopolymer materials with different solid to liquid ratio, which is prepared from 0.5 to 2.5 solid to liquid ratio of alkaline activator. The tensile strength and flexural strength of the epoxy filled with fly ash-based geopolymer materials is determined using Universal Testing Machine under tensile and flexural mode. It was found that the optimum solid to liquid ratio is 2.0, with the optimum tensile and flexural strength value. However, both the tensile and flexural properties of epoxy filled with fly ash-based geopolymer suddenly decrease at a 2.5 solid to liquid ratio. The strength is increasing with the increasing solid to liquid ratio sample of geopolymer filler content.
  • Publication
    Fly ash porous material using geopolymerization process for high temperature exposure
    ( 2012)
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Liyana Jamaludin
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    ;
    Mohamed Bnhussain
    ;
    Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
    ;
    Mohd Izzat Ahmad
    This paper presents the results of a study on the effect of temperature on geopolymers manufactured using pozzolanic materials (fly ash). In this paper, we report on our investigation of the performance of porous geopolymers made with fly ash after exposure to temperatures from 600 °C up to 1000 °C. The research methodology consisted of pozzolanic materials (fly ash) synthesized with a mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solution as an alkaline activator. Foaming agent solution was added to geopolymer paste. The geopolymer paste samples were cured at 60 °C for one day and the geopolymers samples were sintered from 600 °C to 1000 °C to evaluate strength loss due to thermal damage. We also studied their phase formation and microstructure. The heated geopolymers samples were tested by compressive strength after three days. The results showed that the porous geopolymers exhibited strength increases after temperature exposure.
  • Publication
    Diverse material based geopolymer towards heavy metals removal: a review
    ( 2023)
    Pilomeena Arokiasamy
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim
    ;
    Monower Sadique
    ;
    Liew Yun Ming
    ;
    Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Mohd Remy Rozainy Mohd Arif Zainol
    ;
    Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
    Metakaolin is a commonly used aluminosilicate material for the synthesis of geopolymer based adsorbent. However, it presents characteristics that restrict its uses such as weak rheological properties brought on by the plate-like structure, processing challenges, high water demand and quick hydration reaction. Industrial waste, on the other hand, contains a variety of components and is a potential source of aluminosilicate material. Geopolymer adsorbent synthesized by utilizing industrial waste contains a wide range of elements that offer better ion-exchangeability and increase active sites on the surface of geopolymer. However, limited studies focused on the synthesized of geopolymer based adsorbent by utilizing industrial waste for heavy metal adsorption in wastewater treatment. Therefore, this paper reviews on the raw materials used in the synthesis of geopolymer for wastewater treatment. This would help in the development of low cost geopolymer based adsorbent that has a great potential for heavy metal adsorption, which could deliver double benefit in both waste management and wastewater treatment.
  • Publication
    Study of a palm slag-filled friction composite for brake pad
    ( 2014)
    Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
    Since the use of asbestos was banned in all types of products and applications due to its carcinogenic nature, researchers worldwide has conducted extensive research and development activities with the goal of identifying alternative and safe materials. This research work was conducted with the main objective of determining the potential and capability of using palm slag, an industrial solid waste that is abundant in Malaysia, as an alternative filler material in friction composites for brake pad applications. The other main ingredient that were used to develop friction composites in this research were, phenolic resin as a binder, graphite as a lubricant, alumina as an abrasive and steel fibers to provide reinforcement. The mixture was hand press compacted to have the 10 mm diameter cylindrical green body before being further compacted and cured in a hot press at the 160 oC for five (5) minutes. Then the samples were post-cured in the oven at 160 oC for four (4) hours before being tested for hardness, density, compressive strength and resistance to wear. Characterization of the raw material, especially the thermal behaviour of the palm slag, showed that it was thermally stable and suitable for use as the filler material in brake pads. The processing parameters with higher molding pressures had significant effects on the brake pad’s end properties, such as density, hardness and compressive strength of the friction composite. The result of this study also indicated that the mechanical properties of the composite material were inversely related to the size of the palm slag particles that comprise the composite. The wear rate of the friction composite was influenced by the type of filler, moulding pressures and particle size of the filler. As a conclusion, this study was determined that, palm slag could be one of the alternative fillers used in brake pad with a comparable © This item is protected by original copyright xix wear properties to the commercial brake pad products in the market. It was also found that, after a certain initial period of use, the trend of wear rate for various sliding distances was essentially constant and linear. Lastly, on road brake test was recommended to be performed for further study in the future to validate the formulation or a real application in the vehicle.
  • Publication
    Interaction of Geopolymer Filler and Alkali Molarity Concentration towards the Fire Properties of Glass-Reinforced Epoxy Composites Fabricated Using Filament Winding Technique
    ( 2022-09-01)
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Meor Ahmad Faris Meor Ahmad Tajudin
    ;
    Mydin M.A.O.
    ;
    Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
    ;
    Yusrina Mat Daud
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Farah Farhana Zainal
    ;
    Saloma
    ;
    Muhammad Faheem Mohd. Tahir
    ;
    Heah Cheng Yong
    ;
    Khorami M.
    This paper aims to find out the effect of different weight percentages of geopolymer filler in glass-reinforced epoxy pipe, and which can achieve the best mechanical properties and adhesion between high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer matrices. Different weight percentages and molarities of epoxy hardener resin and high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer were injected into the glass fiber. By manually winding filaments, composite samples were produced, and they were then allowed to cure at room temperature. To determine how well the geopolymer matrices adhere to the fiber reinforcement, the microstructure of the composites’ surfaces and perpendicular sections were examined. Maximum values of compressive strength and compressive modulus were 94.64 MPa and 2373.58 MPa, respectively, for the sample with a weight percentage of filler loading of 30 wt% for an alkali concentration of 12 M. This is a relatively wide range of geopolymer weight percentage of filler loading from 10 wt% to 40 wt%, at which we can obtain high compressive properties. By referring to microstructural analysis, adhesion, and interaction of the geopolymer matrix to glass fiber, it shows that the filler is well-dispersed and embedded at the fiber glass, and it was difficult to determine the differences within the range of optimal geopolymer filler content. By determining the optimum weight percent of 30 wt% of geopolymer filler and microstructural analysis, the maximum parameter has been achieved via analysis of high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer filler. Fire or elevated temperature represents one of the extreme ambient conditions that any structure may be exposed to during its service life. The heat resistance or thermal analysis between glass-reinforced epoxy (GRE) pipe and glass-reinforced epoxy pipe filled with high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer filler was studied by investigating burning tests on the samples, which shows that the addition of high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer filler results in a significant reduction of the melted epoxy.
      1
  • Publication
    Crumb rubber geopolymer mortar at elevated temperature exposure
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Ahmad Azrem Azmi
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
    ;
    Ahmad R.
    ;
    Jaya R.P.
    ;
    Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim
    ;
    Almadani M.A.
    ;
    Wysłocki J.J.
    ;
    Åšliwa A.
    ;
    Sandu A.V.
    Low calcium fly ash is used as the main material in the mixture and the crumb rubber was used in replacing fine aggregates in geopolymer mortar. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) which were high alkaline solution were incorporated as the alkaline solution. The fly ash reacted with the alkaline solution forming alumino-silicate gel that binds the aggregate to produce a geopolymer mortar. The loading of crumb rubber in the fly ash based geopolymer mortar was set at 0% (CRGM-0), 5% (CRGM-5), 10% (CRGM-10), 15% (CRGM-15), and 20% (CRGM-20), respectively. NaOH solution (12M) and Na2SiO3 solution ratio is set constant at 2.5 for all geopolymer mixture and the fly ash to alkali activator ratio was kept at 2.0. The CRGM at 28 days of curing time was exposed to elevated temperature at 200â—¦C, 400â—¦C, 600â—¦C and 800â—¦C. The weight loss of the CRGM increases with increasing temperature at all elevated temperatures. However, the density and compressive strength of CRGM decrease with an increase of crumb rubber loading for all elevated temperature exposure. The compressive strength of CRGM reduced due to the fact that rubber decomposes between 200â—¦C and 600â—¦C thereby creating voids. CRGM-15 and CRGM-20 showed cracks developed with rough surface at 800â—¦C. Image obtained from scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that, the CRGM changed significantly due to the decomposition of crumb rubber and evaporation of the free water at 400â—¦C, 600â—¦C and 800â—¦C.
      2
  • Publication
    Mechanical Effect on Different Geopolymer Filler in Glass Reinforced Epoxy Composite
    ( 2024-04-19)
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
    ;
    Yusrina Mat Daud
    ;
    Meor Ahmad Faris Meor Ahmad Tajudin
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Farah Farhana Zainal
    ;
    Saloma
    ;
    Sulaiman I.S.
    Glass reinforced epoxy are widely known in oil and gas industry as glass reinforced epoxy pipe. However, glass reinforced epoxy has limitation such as demanding careful handling due fabrication, installation and transportation because of brittle nature itself and low compressive strength. The aim of this research is to characterize and study the effect of different geopolymer filler in the glass reinforced epoxy pipe composites. Filament winding method will be used in producing glass reinforced epoxy composite. Samples will be prepared with different weight percentage of geopolymer filler loading and different types of geopolymer filler which is fly ash-based geopolymer and kaolin-based geopolymer with 10wt% - 40wt% of geopolymer filler loading. Microstructure was obtained by using Scanning Electron Microscopy showed spherical shaped of fly ash raw material and plate-like structure for kaolin raw material. After undergoes the mechanical testing involved compressive test, pipe sample of glass reinforced epoxy filled with 20 wt% of fly ash-based geopolymer filler showed the best performances above them all. The compressive strength value was 43.05 MPa. Glass reinforced epoxy composite pipe filled with different geopolymer are not widely used in this research area. Therefore, by using geopolymer as a filler can improve the properties of glass reinforced epoxy composite pipe. Hence, a waste material like geopolymer can reduce the cost of material and improve the environment.
      1
  • Publication
    Effects of Different Fiber Sizes in PLA/Carbon Fiber Composites on Mechanical Properties
    ( 2024-01-01)
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Yusrina Mat Daud
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Meor Ahmad Faris Meor Ahmad Tajudin
    ;
    Rasidi M.S.M.
    ;
    Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
    ;
    Farah Farhana Zainal
    ;
    Hasyim S.
    ;
    Nazri N.N.M.
    ;
    Garus S.
    This study assessed the morphology and chemical composition of coir coconut husk carbon fiber, as well as the impact of fiber diameters on the physical and mechanical properties of polylactic acid composites. Researchers are studying polylactide acid, a biodegradable material. This eco-friendly material’s excellent features, generated from sustainable and renewable sources, have drawn many people. Malaysia’s high coconut fiber output made coir husk a popular commodity. Coconut fibers are lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. Alkaline treatment eliminates hemicellulose, oil, wax, and other contaminants from coir fibers and removes lignin. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy were used to examine the treated coconut fibers’ chemical modification analysis and morphology. Coconut coir husk was carbonized to produce carbon fiber using a furnace operated at 300°C for 2 hours. Fiber and polylactic acid were mixed in different fiber sizes (0, 53 µm, 75 µm, and 212 µm) via extrusion and injection processing techniques. The results showed that the alkali treatment reduced the hydroxyl (-OH) group and separated the area from the carbonyl (C=O) group of coconut coir husk, which changed the filler’s hydrophilicity. The fiber size of 212 µm was discovered to have the highest tensile and flexural strength values. According to testing, the modified material structure had a better surface fill-matrix bond. Thus, generalized fiber sizing and characterization methods were developed. Regardless of the matrix, this method can characterize natural fiber strength and interfacial shear strength of varied diameters and solid contents.
      1
  • Publication
    Effect of winding speed in epoxy glass composites for new fabricated filament winding machin
    ( 2020-11-02)
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
    ;
    Yusrina Mat Daud
    ;
    Farah Farhana Zainal
    ;
    Meor Ahmad Faris Meor Ahmad Tajudin
    ;
    Si H.M.
    ;
    Si H.S.
    ;
    Razani, Mohamad Syazwan Mohamad
    The production of the glass fiber reinforced epoxy pipes is produced by filament winding process due to of its low costs, convenient and easy to install. The main objectives of this research is to optimize new fabricated filament winding machine and investigate the effect of winding speed. The problems for a new fabricated filament winding machine that must be optimized at first and lack of data for parameter in winding speed. The production by using filament winding process can be produce varieties of products such as tanks, pipes and vessels. The production of glass reinforced epoxy pipes of filament winding process was used different of winding speed levels. The new fabricated filament winding machine have 6 different winding speed that must be tested to get the optimum mechanical strength results. The process was stopped when the thickness of the samples is about 5.5mm wall thickness. The samples were tested with density for physical test and compressive strength for mechanical testing. The optimum winding speed to produce high mechanical strength for this new fabricated filament winding machine is winding speed two and the angle of the winding for speed 2 is 55°. This study, helps to determine winding speed for calibrate new filament winding.
      1