Conference Publications

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14170/7137

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  • Publication
    Ammonium adsorption-desorption by using rice straw biochar
    (AIP Publishing, 2023)
    Khairunissa Syairah Ahmad Sohaimi
    ;
    Norhidayah Abd Aziz
    ;
    Nor Aida Yusoff
    ;
    Noor Ainee Zainol
    ;
    Nor Munirah Rohaizad
    ;
    Siti Shilatul Najwa Sharuddin
    Rice straw was utilized into biochar by pyrolysis and used as adsorbent for ammonium removal. Rice straw biochar was found as one of the adsorbents for wastewater treatment. This study was conducted to analyses the capability of rice straw biochar on ammonium adsorption-desorption. Rice straw biochar was characterized by ash content, moisture content analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis and pH of Zero Point Charge. Ash content increased meanwhile moisture content decreased as pyrolysis temperature increased. pH of Zero Point Charge for rice straw biochar was at pH 7.5. The rice straw produced at 550 °C was selected as best adsorbent for the adsorption of ammonium. The effect of process parameters such as adsorbent dosage, adsorption contact time, initial concentration and pH of ammonium were studied on the performance of ammonium adsorption. The results showed that maximum ammonium adsorption capacity was occurred at pH 7.5 by using 0.05 g of rice straw biochar in 3.0 ppm of ammonium solution for 130 minutes of contact time. Kinetic adsorption showed pseudo-second order is the best kinetic adsorption because involving a chemical adsorption as the value of R2 which was 0.9163 closer to 1. The adsorption-desorption of ammonium shown that rice straw biochar can run up to 5 cycles.
  • Publication
    Recovery of nano-lignin from anaerobic treated palm oil mill effluent (AT-POME)
    ( 2020-06-10)
    Ismail H.S.
    ;
    Abdul Haqi Ibrahim
    ;
    Che Zulzikrami Azner Abidin
    ;
    Fahmi Muhammad Ridwan
    Lignin is the main polymers in woody biomass aside cellulose and hemicelluloses Recently, nano-lignin is gaining importance due to the increasing demand for bio-based and bio-active nanomaterial fillers for many applications such as in composite and textile industries. Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the main wastewater produce by palm oil mills. Anaerobically treated (AT-POME) contains high soluble lignin due to the anaerobic digestion of cellulosic material in POME. Nano-lignin was precipitated by adjusting the initial pH of AT-POME during the sonication process. Sulfuric acid (H2SO4), nitric acid (HNO3), hydrochloric acid (HCl) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4) were used to adjust the initial pH of AT-POME. Result shows that sulfuric acid was the most suitable acid to be used as it could recovered 96% of the soluble lignin in AT-POME. The presence of ultrasonic during the precipitation process had reduced the size to 383.4 nm. The optimum operating parameter for lignin recovery is at pH 4 using sulfuric acid and sonicated at 80 watts for 15 minutes. This study shows that sonication could reduce the size of precipitated lignin from AT-POME. In addition, removal of lignin from AT-POME also reduced the COD content of AT-POME.
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  • Publication
    Study on biohydrogen production using different type of carrier materials in attached growth system
    ( 2020-06-10)
    Ashah M.A.
    ;
    Nabilah Aminah Lutpi
    ;
    Wong Yee Shian
    ;
    Ong Soon An
    ;
    Malek M.A.
    Renewable energy is known as clean energy with free from greenhouse gas emissions and global warming effects. It is generated from natural resources and one of the most promising renewable energy is biohydrogen. Biohydrogen production gets a great attention around the world because it could remove organic biomass and at the same time supplying clean hydrogen energy. In this study, three support carriers were used namely granular activated carbon (GAC), glass beads (GB) and moringa oleifera seeds (MOS). The main keys of this study was to identify the best support carrier that capable to enhance the biohydrogen production in attached growth system using Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) as feedstock. On the other hand, the physicochemical of the attached-biofilm were also investigated by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Other parameter such as hydrogen concentration, volume of biogas, and kinetic study by using modified Gompertz equation has also been studied. At the end of the study, the best performance of biohydrogen production was performed by using GAC with hydrogen yield (HY) = 1.52 mol H2/mol glucose and the hydrogen production rate (HPR) = 58.50 mmol H2/l.d, followed by GB which is HY = 1.43 mol H2/mol glucose and HPR = 54.840 mmol H2/l.d and the last, MOS with HY = 1.08 mol H2/mol glucose and HPR = 41.44 mmol H2/l.d. This study has shown that proper selection of support carrier could reflect the evolution of biohydrogen production.
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