Publications 2018

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14170/11324

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Browsing Publications 2018 by Department "Universiti Malaysia Perlis"
  • Publication
    Amperometric determination of nitrite using natural fibers as template for titanium dioxide nanotubes with immobilized hemin as electron transfer mediator
    (National Library of Medicine, 2018-03-01)
    Balasubramanian Ranjani
    ;
    Jayaprakasham Kalaiyarasi
    ;
    Loganathan Pavithra
    ;
    Thiyagarajan Devasena
    ;
    Kannaiyan Pandian
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    A sensing device was constructed for the amperometric determination of nitrite. It is based on the use of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes template with natural fibers and carrying hemin acting as the electron mediator. A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with the hemin/TNT nanocomposite. The electrochemical response to nitrite was characterized by impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. An amperometric study, performed at a working potential of + 0.75 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), showed the sensor to enable determination of nitrite with a linear response in the 0.6 to 130 μM concentration range and with a 59 nM limit of detection. Corresponding studies by differential study voltammetry (Ep = 0.75 V) exhibited a linear range from 0.6 × 10−6 to 7.3 × 10−5 M with a limit of detection of 84 nM. The sensing device was applied to the determination of nitrite in spiked tap and lake water samples.
      2
  • Publication
    Conserved and non-served regions in herpes simplex viral Glycoproteins for probe designing
    (AIP Publishing, 2018-12-06)
    Teh S. Y.
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    ;
    Mohd Khairuddin Md Arshad
    ;
    Thangavel Lakshmipriya
    ;
    Uda Hashim
    Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is one of the infecting human viruses. To achieve the entry of virion into the host cells, HSV requires 5 types of the glycoprotein, which are glycoprotein C (gC), glycoprotein D (gD), Glycoprotein B (gB) and a complex of glycoprotein H and glycoprotein L (gH-gL). All five glycoproteins are mandatory for HSV-host interaction and infection. There will be no invasion to the cells without involvement of these glycoproteins; there will be no cellular invasion. In this paper, we aligned the nucleotide sequences of glycoprotein B and glycoprotein D from herpes simplex types l & 2 virus. By comparing these nucleotide sequences between herpes simplex type l and type 2 viruses, we able to find out the conserved and non-conserved regions, which indicate the similarities and differences between glycoprotein B and glycoprotein D of these two human herpes viruses.
      2  2
  • Publication
    Effect of printing parameters on tensile, dynamic mechanical, and thermoelectric properties of FDM 3D printed CABS/ZnO composites
    ( 2018-03-22)
    Yah Yun Aw
    ;
    Yeoh Cheow Keat
    ;
    Mohd Asri Idris
    ;
    Teh Pei Leng
    ;
    Khairul Amali Hamzah
    ;
    Shulizawati Aqzna Sazali
    Fused deposition modelling (FDM) has been widely used in medical appliances, automobile, aircraft and aerospace, household appliances, toys, and many other fields. The ease of processing, low cost and high flexibility of FDM technique are strong advantages compared to other techniques for thermoelectric polymer composite fabrication. This research work focuses on the effect of two crucial printing parameters (infill density and printing pattern) on the tensile, dynamic mechanical, and thermoelectric properties of conductive acrylonitrile butadiene styrene/zinc oxide (CABS/ZnO composites fabricated by FDM technique. Results revealed significant improvement in tensile strength and Young's modulus, with a decrease in elongation at break with infill density. Improvement in dynamic storage modulus was observed when infill density changed from 50% to 100%. However, the loss modulus and damping factor reduced gradually. The increase of thermal conductivity was relatively smaller compared to the improvement of electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient, therefore, the calculated figure of merit (ZT) value increased with infill density. Line pattern performed better than rectilinear, especially in tensile properties and electrical conductivity. From the results obtained, FDM-fabricated CABS/ZnO showed much potential as a promising candidate for thermoelectric application.
  • Publication
    Ethylene gas sensing properties of Tin Oxide nanowires synthesized via CVD method
    (IOP Publishing, 2018-03-19)
    Maisara Azad Mat Akhir
    ;
    Khairudin Mohamed
    ;
    Sheikh A. Rezan
    ;
    Arafat M.M.
    ;
    Haseeb A.S.M.A.
    ;
    Muhammad Nur Aiman Uda
    ;
    Nuradibah Mohd Amer
    This paper studies ethylene gas sensing performance of tin oxide (SnO2) nanowires (NWs) as sensing material synthesized using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. The effect of NWs diameter on ethylene gas sensing characteristics were investigated. SnO2 NWs with diameter of ∼40 and ∼240 nm were deposited onto the alumina substrate with printed gold electrodes and tested for sensing characteristic toward ethylene gas. From the finding, the smallest diameter of NWs (42 nm) exhibit fast response and recovery time and higher sensitivity compared to largest diameter of NWs (∼240 nm). Both sensor show good reversibility features for ethylene gas sensor.
      5  2
  • Publication
    Fabrication and characterization of aluminium interdigitated electrode hybrid with ZnO for cardiac troponin T biomarker detection
    (AIP Publishing, 2018-12-06)
    Letchumanan Iswary
    ;
    Nazri N.F.N.
    ;
    Mohd Khairuddin Md Arshad
    ;
    Mohamad Faris Mohamad Fathil
    ;
    Mohammad Nuzaihan Md Nor
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    This article describes the fabrication and characterization of the aluminum interdigitated electrode (IDE) hybrid with ZnO for the detection of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) biomarker. IDE was modified with one type of probe, which is antibody for troponin T (MAb-cTnT). Initially, it starts with the fabrication process including cleaning of the wafer and followed by a conventional lithography process. Then, surface modification using ZnO as a transducer, which is responsible for signal amplifier. Then, it followed by sensor characterization using atomic force microscope (AFM) and 3D Surface (Nano) Profilometer. Surface functionalization using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and glutaraldehyde was carried out. Next, the immobilization step was performed by adding antibody followed by antigen where the negative charges will accumulate on the surface of IDE. To evaluate the detection limit, different concentrations of antigen were applied independently from l0 to l00?ng/mL to detect the troponin T. I-V characterization was performed after each antigen concentration detection. The characterization of IDE was worked out using scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope before and after the detection step. Here, detected the changes occurred when the attachment of different concentrations of an antigen using I-V characteristics.
      3
  • Publication
    Gold nanorod embedded novel 3D graphene nanocomposite for selective bio-capture in rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    (Elsevier, 2018-09-30)
    Veeradasan Perumal
    ;
    Mohamed Shuaib Mohamed Saheed
    ;
    Norani Muti Mohamed
    ;
    Mohamed Salleh Mohamed Saheed
    ;
    Satisvar Sundera Murthe
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    ;
    Jian-Ming Chiu
    Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic and infectious airborne disease which requires a diagnosing system with high sensitivity and specificity. However, the traditional gold standard method for TB detection remains unreliable with low specificity and sensitivity. Nanostructured composite materials coupled with impedimetric sensing utilised in this study offered a feasible solution. Herein, novel gold (Au) nanorods were synthesized on 3D graphene grown by chemical vapour deposition. The irregularly spaced and rippled morphology of 3D graphene provided a path for Au nanoparticles to self-assemble and form rod-like structures on the surface of the 3D graphene. The formation of Au nanorods were showcased through scanning electron microscopy which revealed the evolution of Au nanoparticle into Au islets. Eventually, it formed nanorods possessing lengths of ~ 150 nm and diameters of ~ 30 nm. The X-ray diffractogram displayed appropriate peaks suitable to defect-free and high crystalline graphene with face centered cubic Au. The strong optical interrelation between Au nanorod and 3D graphene was elucidated by Raman spectroscopy analysis. Furthermore, the anchored Au nanorods on 3D graphene nanocomposite enables feasible bio-capturing on the exposed Au surface on defect free graphene. The impedimetric sensing of DNA sequence from TB on 3D graphene/Au nanocomposite revealed a remarkable wide detection linear range from 10 fM to 0.1 µM, displays the capability of detecting femtomolar DNA concentration. Overall, the novel 3D graphene/Au nanocomposite demonstrated here offers high-performance bio-sensing and opens a new avenue for TB detection.
      2  2
  • Publication
    Palladium nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene oxide sheets synthesized using Ficus carica fruit extract: a catalyst for Suzuki cross-coupling reactions
    (Public Library of Science, 2018-02-01)
    Jaculin Raiza Anasdass
    ;
    Pandian Kannaiyan
    ;
    Raghunathan Raghavachary
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    ;
    Yeng Chen
    We present a biogenic method for the synthesis of palladium nanoparticle (PdNP)-modified by reducing graphene oxide sheets (rGO) in a one-pot strategy using Ficus carica fruit juice as the reducing agent. The synthesized material was well characterized by morphological and structural analyses, including, Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The results revealed that the PdNP modified GO are spherical in shape and estimated to be a dimension of ~0.16 nm. The PdNP/graphene exhibits a great catalytic activity in Suzuki cross-coupling reactions for the synthesis of biaryl compounds with various substrates under both aqueous and aerobic conditions. The catalyst can be recovered easily and is suitable for repeated use because it retains its original catalytic activity. The PdNP/rGO catalyst synthesized by an eco-friendly protocol was used for the Suzuki coupling reactions. The method offers a mild and effective substitute to the existing methods and may significantly contribute to green chemistry.
      3  3
  • Publication
    Performance of biodegradable soy-based polymer and nanocomposite with reduced moisture absorptivity
    ( 2018-01-01)
    Retna A.M.
    ;
    Sophia A.
    ;
    Theivasanthi T.
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    Background: Increased level of pollutions has led to the serious environmental problems and given a way to develop the better biodegradable polymers. Soy-based polymers have been widely developed and used for the packaging purposes, but these polymers were reported to be degraded due to the high moisture absorptivity, which leads to the spoilage of the packed food at a quicker rate. Aim: This research sheds a light on the preparation of soy-based polymer and nanocomposite having a low absorptivity by a wet method using Palmitic Acid (PA). Method: PA was added up to 30% by the weight of soy protein isolate, in addition glycerol was used as the plasticizer and 25% PA was found to be the optimum. The polymer sheets were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Thermal Gravimetric-DTA and Scanning Electron Microscopy analyses. In addition, the moisture content and tensile studies were monitored. For the preparation of nanocomposite, soy-based nanoparticles were synthesized by grafting. Result: The generated nanocomposite has shown the reduced moisture absorptivity and higher mechanical properties.
      2  1
  • Publication
    Phyto-mediated photo catalysed green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Durio zibethinus seed extract: Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity and photocatalytic applications
    (MDPI, 2018-12-13)
    Samuggam Sumitha
    ;
    Sethu Vasanthi
    ;
    Sivadasan Shalini
    ;
    Suresh V. Chinni
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    ;
    Periasamy Anbu
    ;
    Mohammed Baidi Bahari
    ;
    Rajak Harish
    ;
    Sathasivam Kathiresan
    ;
    Veerasamy Ravichandran
    In the present study, we have developed a green approach for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (DSAgNPs) using aqueous extract of Durio zibethinus seed and determined its antibacterial, photocatalytic and cytotoxic effects. Surface plasmon resonance confirmed the formation of DSAgNPs with a maximum absorbance (λmax) of 420 nm. SEM and TEM images revealed DSAgNPs were spherical and rod shaped, with a size range of 20 nm and 75 nm. The zeta potential was found to be −15.41 mV. XRD and EDX analyses confirmed the nature and presence of Ag and AgCl. DSAgNPs showed considerable antibacterial activity, exhibited better cytotoxicity against brine shrimp, and shown better photocatalytic activity against methylene blue. Based on the present research work, it can be concluded that DSAgNPs could be used in the field of water treatment, pharmaceuticals, biomedicine, biosensor and nanotechnology in near future.
      2  2
  • Publication
    Polymer conjugated gold nanoparticles in biomedical applications
    (Bentham Science Publishers, 2018-01-01)
    Stanley Anniebell
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    Background: Research interest on the properties of polymer conjugated gold nanoparticle (GNP) in biomedicine is rapidly rising because of the extensive evidences for their unique properties. In the field of biomedicine, GNPs have been widely used because of their inertness and low levels of cytotoxicity. Therefore, when exposed to cells, they are less prone to exert damaging effects. GNPs are capable of being functionalized as desired and are ideal as they do not encourage undesired side reactions that might counter react with the intention of the functionalization. Biofouling is an occurrence that takes place at cellular and biological molecular level, binds non-specifically on the detection surface and forms a wrong output. This undesired incidence can be avoided by conjugating the surface of biomolecules with polymers. Densely packed repeating chains of polymers such as polyethylene glycol are capable of decreasing non-specific reactions. Applications of polymer conjugated GNPs in the field of biomedicine are as biosensors, delivery and therapeutic agents. Conclusion: Therefore, the properties and applications of polymer conjugated GNPs are studied widely as overviewed here.
      3  1
  • Publication
    Saturation magnetization studies on iron-nickel ball milling nanopowders and spark plasma sintered specimens
    (Elsevier, 2018-11-01)
    Ashokkumar T.
    ;
    Rajadurai A.
    ;
    Gouthama
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    Saturation Magnetization (Ms) is one of the important states among all magnetic properties, it decides that the materials can be either used as a hard or soft magnet. Mechanical alloyed and spark plasma sintered at the promising levels of 40, 50 and 75 wt% Ni-Fe have been investigated to find out the Ms with the effect of the composition, grain size, particle size and extent of alloying. This study revealed that the value of Ms is increased due to the formation of a Ni3Fe compound, and it depends on the grain size. The introduction of the Ni3Fe compound was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. It was found that ambient temperature played a critical role in sintering Ni-Fe alloy. The value of the Ms is found to be high at the intermediate particle size and become lower when the particle size is either larger or smaller. From this study, it was cleared that preparation of Ni-Fe alloy under the right temperature with the proper grain size favours for the potential downstream applications and generation of light materials.
      2
  • Publication
    Separation and identification of bioactive peptides from stem of tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers
    (Public Library of Science, 2018-03-01)
    Raman Pachaiappan
    ;
    Ekant Tamboli
    ;
    Aurovind Acharya
    ;
    Chia-Hung Su
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    ;
    Yeng Chen
    ;
    Palaniyandi Velusamy
    Enzyme hydrolysates (trypsin, papain, pepsin, α-chymotrypsin, and pepsin-pancreatin) of Tinospora cordifolia stem proteins were analyzed for antioxidant efficacy by measuring (1) 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radical scavenging activity, (2) 2,20-azinobis(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+) radical scavenging capacity, and (3) Fe2+ chelation. Trypsin hydrolysate showed the strongest DPPH• scavenging, while α-chymotrypsin hydrolysate exhibited the highest ABTS+ scavenging and Fe2+ chelation. Undigested protein strongly inhibited the gastrointestinal enzymes, trypsin (50% inhibition at enzyme/substrate ratio = 1:6.9) and α-chymotrypsin (50% inhibition at enzyme/substrate ratio = 1:1.82), indicating the prolonged antioxidant effect after ingestion. Furthermore, gel filtration purified peptide fractions of papain hydrolysates exhibited a significantly higher ABTS+ and superoxide radical scavenging as compared to non-purified digests. Active fraction 9 showing the highest radical scavenging ability was further purified and confirmed by MALDI- TOF MS followed by MS/MS with probable dominant peptide sequences identified are VLYSTPVKMWEPGR, VITVVATAGSETMR, and HIGININSR. The obtained results revealed that free radical scavenging capacity of papain hydrolysates might be related to its consistently low molecular weight hydrophobic peptides.
      2
  • Publication
    Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of LiEu (0.50-x) Gd 0.50 (WO 4) 2 Sm x Red Phosphor
    ( 2018-06-12)
    Syazwanie Zailani
    ;
    Mohd Fathullah Ghazli@Ghazali
    ;
    Rosli Hussin
    ;
    Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim
    ;
    Mohd. Nasir Mat Saad
    Red phosphor is widely used in enhancing white light emitting diodes. Recent trends show there are several efforts in improving the efficiency of lighting particularly using Europium (III) as activators in Gadolinium tungstate phosphors. In this work, LiEu(0.50-x)Gd0.50(WO4)2Smx red phosphor was synthesized using solid-state reaction. The crystal structure, morphology and photoluminescence properties of the sample were analysed. The structure of the phosphor was found to be tetragonal with space group I41/a by characterizing the phosphor using the X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) application. The morphologies present the angular-shaped particles. The highest emission peak occurred at 615 nm corresponding to the 5D0→7F2 transition under near-UV region. The optimum amount of Sm3+ that enhanced the intensity of the host lattice at x = 0.15 mol. The improvement on the photoluminescence properties of these phosphors without any changes on the structure and crystal symmetry shows a good potential of the red emitting phosphor to be used in the light emitting diodes (WLEDs) applications.
  • Publication
    "Talking Phonics for Autism": developing a multi-purpose touch screen technology software application which utilizes sound articulation point to teach autistic children
    (EDP Sciences, 2018-02-26)
    Noriha Basir
    ;
    Ameer Fuhaili Mohamad Hashim
    ;
    Sharmini Abdullah
    ;
    Noor Asliza Abdul Rahim
    ;
    Masturah Sabri
    ;
    Afifah Hanani Yusuf
    ;
    Wan Norhaizar Harun
    ;
    Dipima Buragohain
    This paper aims to examine the potentials of the multi-purpose touch screen technology application which utilizes a sound articulation point software called "TALKING PHONICS FOR AUTISM"as an alternative method of teaching phonics to autistic children. "TALKING PHONICS FOR AUTISM"is developed via a collaborative effort between the Centre of International Languages (CIL) and the School of Human Development and techno Communication (iKOM), University Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP). The reading skills of autism children are developed intofive (5) levels ofMalay reading comprehension skills. The first level consists of open syllables - vowels and consonants. The following consecutivethree levels comprised of closed syllables. The fourth level introduces vocal sequence while the fifth level constitutes of Malay language loans. The Malay-language dialect phonological theory by Tajul Aripin Kassin (2000) which is based on Clements & Keysher's (1980) Generative Booking Generic Fonology Model (CV) forms the theorectical framework of this paper.
      2