International Journal of Nanoelectronics and Materials (IJNeaM)

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14170/366
IJNeaM aims to publish original work of importance in the fields of nanoscience and engineering. Topics covered including Theoretical, Simulation, Synthesis, Design and Fabrication of Nanomaterials and Nanodevices; Metals, Insulators, and Semiconductors with a focus on Electronic, Structural, Magnetic, Optical, Thermal, Transport, Mechanical and other properties for the specialists in Engineering, Chemistry, Physics and Materials Science. IJNeaM accepts submission in the form of Reviews, Research Articles, Short Communications, and selected conference papers.

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Browsing International Journal of Nanoelectronics and Materials (IJNeaM) by Department "Faculty of Electronic Engineering & Technology"
  • Publication
    A review of visible-to-UV photon upconversion systems based on triplet–triplet annihilation photon upconversion
    ( 2022-12)
    Kelvin Voon Yan Jie
    ;
    Mohd Fairus Ahmad
    ;
    Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
    ;
    Safizan Shaari
    ;
    Arif Mawardi Ismail
    ;
    Yusran Sulaiman
    Due to the tunable spectrum range and potential application under non-coherent solar irradiation, triplet-triplet annihilation based molecular photon upconversion (TTA-UC) systems represent a compelling study field for a variety of photonic implementations. There were studies on the incorporation of TTA-UC technology with photovoltaic technology, which made it possible to further improve the energy harvest performance through the utilisation of the wasted spectrum. However, many TTA-UC studies are limited to energy upconversion within the visible spectrum range. For photovoltaic cells with a higher band gap, which harvest the higher energy spectrum (UV region), an efficient Vis-to-UV upconversion is preferred. The Vis-to-UV TTA-UC system was first introduced in 2006. Recently, more studies were conducted to discover the Vis-to-UV upconversion system with high quantum efficiency and low excitation intensity such as the nanocrystal sensitizerbased system and the thermally activated delayed fluorescence sensitizer-based system. Recent studies in the solvent system of Vis-to-UV upconversion system had demonstrated the dependence of the couple photostability on the solvent and extended the solvent selection to inorganic solvent. In this review, we are reviewing the research background of the Vis-to-UV TTA-UC system and discussing the current challenges and potential developments in this research area.
      5  65
  • Publication
    Automated monitoring system for transmission system laboratory model
    (Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 2018-12)
    MN Mohtar
    ;
    MA Osman
    ;
    Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
    Transmission System Laboratory Model (TSLM) is a model of power transmission systems use to facilitate the studies of power system. TSLM replicates a power transmission system mimicking the real transmission line. The input and output voltage reading on the current TSLM requires a manual measurement using multimeter. The lack of real time monitoring is rectified in this work. This works propose an automated real time measurement and display system for real time voltage input and output monitoring on the TSLM. An imbedded custom made digital voltmeter and a digital display is used for real time monitoring.
      10  2
  • Publication
    Banana stem waste as a sustainable modifier for microstructure modification of protonic ceramic fuel cell cathode
    ( 2024-06)
    Ismariza Ismail
    ;
    Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
    ;
    Norizah Abd Karim
    ;
    Abdullah Abdul Samat
    This study investigates the feasibility of utilizing banana stem waste (BSW) as a pore former to modify the microstructure of the PCFC composite cathode. The microstructure of the La₀.₆Sr₀.₄Co₀.2Fe₀.8O3-α-Ba(Ce₀.₆Zr₀.₄)₀.₉Y₀.1O3-δ (LSCF-BCZY64) composite cathode was modified by varying the amounts of the incorporated banana stem waste. The samples underwent sintering at 1000 ˚C, and their microstructural and physical properties were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and densimeter. The results indicate that the incorporation of BSW enhances the porosity of the cathode without significantly affecting its crystalline structure. As the amount of BSW increased from 10 to 40 wt.%, the porosity level increased from 7.0% to 32.7%, and the density of the samples decreased from 1.3 to 0.9 g/cm3, thereby supporting the results of the porosity analysis. Increased cathode porosity can enhance reactant accessibility to active sites, potentially resulting in improved cell performance and durability. Moreover, the utilization of BSW as a sustainable and cost-effective pore former aligns with the growing emphasis on environmentally friendly materials in energy applications.
      20  2
  • Publication
    Effect of sodium ion addition on copper selenide/chitosan film towards electrical and shielding efficiency improvement
    ( 2024-06)
    Nurul Najiha Mazu
    ;
    Hazeem Ikhwan Mazlan
    ;
    Josephine Ying Chyi Liew
    ;
    Nurul Huda Osman
    ;
    Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
    ;
    Ali Reshak
    The operation of electronic devices can be disrupted by unwanted electromagnetic signals, affecting its operation. Deploying electromagnetic shielding is a viable solution to minimize the impact of electromagnetic interference (EMI). The conventional methods of electromagnetic shielding use metal gaskets to safeguard sensitive electronic components, which have drawbacks of cost and weight. Hence, electromagnetic shielding polymer can be an alternative to replace metal gaskets. This work investigates the effect of sodium ion (Na) addition to copper selenide/chitosan (CuSe/Ch) film for electromagnetic shielding applications. The shielding polymers were produced using solution casting methods, while the CuSe was synthesized using the chemical coprecipitation method. Impedance spectroscopy and two port waveguide methods were used to characterize the prepared polymer's electrical properties and shielding efficiency. The results indicate that Na incorporation in the CuSe/Ch film resulted in a 47 % decrease in bulk resistivity and increased DC conductivity from 6.07 × 10-6 S/cm to 3.69 × 10˗5 S/cm. The AC conductivity of films containing Na demonstrates a similar level of conductivity at lower frequencies, followed by a sharp increase at higher frequencies, indicating a more substantial influence of Na at higher frequencies. Higher absorption shielding efficiency (SEA) and lower reflection shielding efficiency (SER) were achieved by introducing Na into the CuSe chitosan film. The Na/CuSe/Ch film shows higher total shielding efficiency at an average of 20 dB, equivalent to 99 % of the EM power shield.
  • Publication
    Elemental analysis of bamboo charcoal from gigantochloa albociliata
    (Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 2018-12)
    Siti S. Mat Isa
    ;
    Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
    ;
    Norhayati Sabani
    ;
    A. S. Rosman
    Bamboo the most abundant plant in the world has attracted a lot of interests due to their excellent potentials in many ways. The bamboo charcoal itself can be utilized in water purification, electromagnetic wave absorber, blood purification and even dye sensitized solar cell. In Malaysia, elements of bamboo charcoal from Gigantochloa Albociliata have not yet been studied. Properties of bamboo charcoal totally depend on the applied temperature and time during carbonization and activation process. In this paper, elemental analysis of carbonized bamboo charcoal at 500°C and activated bamboo charcoal at 900°C and 1100°C has been performed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) after being prepared in two different mediums; DI water and ethanol. The results show that carbonized samples CS64 TK and CS88M show similar trend of peak in both solvents. Some peaks at 3278 cm-1 and 1637 cm-1 which attribute to O-H (stretching) and C-H (stretching) were broader for both samples in DI water compared to ethanol. In ethanol, some bands like 2886 cm-1 (C-H stretching), 1394 cm-1 (C-H bending), 1057 cm-1 (CO-O-CO stretching) and 872 cm-1 (C-H bending) were clearly observed. Similar results were obtained for activated samples; ABC900 and ABC1100. From the XRD analysis, it was confirmed that carbonized and activated bamboo charcoal were amorphous carbon. As the activation temperature increased up to 1100°C, the d0002 spacing decreased while the graphite crystallite size LC(0002) increased.
      2  7
  • Publication
    Evaluation of GO and rGO on breast cancer cell line (MCF7) and normal breast cell line (MCF10a) for cell viability and electrical response
    (Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 2018-12)
    Siti S. Mat Isa
    ;
    N. S. Mazlan
    ;
    Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
    ;
    L. F. A. Talip
    ;
    Rafeezul Mohamed
    ;
    Zul Azhar Zahid Jamal
    Graphene based materials become a phenomenal in various applications including biomedical devices due to their excellent properties. Their effects towards certain diseases were broadly studies and presented. However, the work has been performed was only limited to the graphene oxide (GO) and its biocompatibility only. In this work, the interaction of GO and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on breast cancer cell (MCF7) and normal breast cell (MCF10a) was investigated specifically on the cell viability, cell mortality and current-voltage (IV) relationship. Graphene oxide and rGO at the concentration of 100μg/mL were prepared by chemical methods. The morphology and quality of both materials were characterized using AFM and Raman Spectroscopy. The cells were treated for 24 hours and the effects of these materials on the viability and mortality of the cell were observed. The interaction between graphene-based materials and both cells significantly impact the current-voltage (IV) characteristics. The results show that GO and rGO did not affect the cell viability but only small percentage different was obtained on cell mortality. It also observed that the resistance of cell treated with rGO decreased with time for MCF7 and vice versa for MCF10a. While for GO, the resistance of cell increased with time for MCF7 and vice versa for MCF10a. These clear patterns of these interactions lead to a good input for biosensor fabrication which was aimed to be used as the early diagnosis cancer stem cell point of care (POC) device.
      4  12
  • Publication
    Fabrication of Strontium Titanate thin film with pre-crystallized layer via sol-gel spin coating method
    ( 2022-12)
    Kelvin Voon Yan Jie
    ;
    Mohd Fairus Ahmad
    ;
    Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
    ;
    Safizan Shaari
    ;
    Arif Mawardi Ismail
    ;
    Yusran Sulaiman
    The technique of pre-crystallized layer is introduced in the strontium titanate (STO) thin film fabrication to improve the coating thickness and the crystallinity. The STO thin films were fabricated on glass substrates via the spin coating method with STO precursor solution that was synthesized through the sol-gel process. The characteristics of the thin films were analyzed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, profilometry, UV-Vis spectra analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. In the present study, the samples of 20 layers and 25 layers (deposited on the pre-crystallized layer) exhibited better crystallinity as compared with the samples of 5 layers, 10 layers and 15 layers (without the pre-crystallized layer). The samples of 25 layers exhibited the highest film thickness (224 nm), highest absorbance intensity and the highest XRD peak intensity at 32, 40, 47 and 58°, which represent the planes (110), (111), (200) and (210), respectively. The pre-crystallized layer served as the mechanical support for further layer deposition.
      1  7
  • Publication
    Production of low temperature synthetic graphite
    ( 2023-04)
    Anis Syafiqa Rosman
    ;
    Ranjitha Navalan
    ;
    Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
    ;
    Norizah Abd Karim
    ;
    Mohd Fairus Ahmad
    ;
    Shazlina Johari
    ;
    Norshamsuri Ali @ Hasim
    ;
    Nurul Huda Osman
    Synthetic graphite is a material consisting of graphitic carbon which has been obtained by graphitizing a non-graphitic carbon. The growth in demand, particularly in customizing properties for certain usage has brought about research on viable alternative, low-cost, and environmentally pleasant synthetic graphite production. Biomass wastes are amongst appealing carbon precursors which have been broadly checked out as replacement carbon for graphite production. This research aimed to synthesize synthetic graphite from oil palm trunks at low temperatures (500 °C, 400 °C and 300 °C) under controlled conditions to determine the physical properties and properties of the graphite obtained. After the heat treatment process, the obtained samples were then characterized by using XRD, SEM and RAMAN characterizations. Based on SEM and RAMAN characterization, it can be seen that graphite that undergoes a 500 °C pyrolysis process shows the best results compare to graphite that undergoes a pyrolysis process at the temperatures of 300 °C and 400 °C. The graphite flakes and the peaks obtained for 500 °C graphite are obviously present. For XRD characterization, the best samples at 500 °C were chosen to be characterized. From the results, the sample shows slight behavior imitating the commercialized graphite. Hence, from the characterizations of the samples, it can be concluded that the best synthetic graphite produced was from the oil palm trunks heated at 500 ° C
      2  28
  • Publication
    Remazol orange dye sensitized solar cell using graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide working electrode
    (Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 2018-12)
    Norhayati Sabani
    ;
    Siti S. Mat isa
    ;
    Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
    ;
    N. Rosli
    Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) is said as a potential solar device which offers easy, cheaper and greener materials and preparation process. However, the efficiency of this device is still an ultimate problem and challenge. In this paper, an organic Remazol orange dye was used as the DSSC dye sensitizer which prepared with different working electrodes. The different working electrodes consist of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) with Graphene Oxide (GO) and TiO2 with reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO). In order to analyze the adsorption characteristics of GO and rGO, the solution was tested using Ultraviolet-Visible-Near Infrared Spectrophotometry and the surface morphology of all mixed pastes was observed under Atomic Force Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope. Then, the device performance was tested under illumination of solar cell simulator. From overall results, the efficiency for all tested devices was quite low from expectation. For this work, the performance of TiO2-rGO DSSC at 0.138% is 84.7% higher compared to the TiO2-GO DSSC which was 0.021%. This result was obtained when the working electrode and dye less exposed to the light during dye preparation process at 24 hours soaking time.
      1  17
  • Publication
    rGO-SWCNT hybrid for counter electrode in dye sensitized solar cell
    (Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 2018-12)
    M. R. Muda
    ;
    Siti S. Mat Isa
    ;
    Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
    Towards platinum free counter electrode in dye sensitized solar cells, some carbon-based materials like carbon nanotubes and graphene are fully utilized due to their extraordinary properties such as high aspect ratio and conductivity. In this paper, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and hybrid structure of rGO-SWCNT spray coated counter electrodes were compared with graphite as the reference material. The morphology of these materials was analyzed with FESEM and FTIR. The DSSC performance was then measured using solar simulator. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics show that the rGO-SWCNT counter electrode result the excellent performance with efficiency of ~1.86 %, 95.2 % better than graphite. This higher performance was attributed by the complete oxygen-functional group removal during reduction process which offers large active surface area for electro-photocatalytic activity, higher conductivity, better structure and properties compared to the individual forms.
      1  14