International Journal of Nanoelectronics and Materials (IJNeaM)
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IJNeaM aims to publish original work of importance in the fields of nanoscience and engineering. Topics covered including Theoretical, Simulation, Synthesis, Design and Fabrication of Nanomaterials and Nanodevices; Metals, Insulators, and Semiconductors with a focus on Electronic, Structural, Magnetic, Optical, Thermal, Transport, Mechanical and other properties for the specialists in Engineering, Chemistry, Physics and Materials Science. IJNeaM accepts submission in the form of Reviews, Research Articles, Short Communications, and selected conference papers.
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PublicationInfluence of sodium chloride on recycled HDPE in superhydrophobic surface development( 2024-12)Inspired by lotus leaf, superhydrophobic surfaces have emerged rapidly in recent years. It is due to its excellence ability in self-cleaning and corrosion protection, to name a few. In this research, a green superhydrophobic surface was constructed on the surface of recycled High-Density Polyethylene (rHDPE) by utilizing Sodium chloride (NaCl) as a water-soluble surface modifying agent. The treatment process is simple,and cost-efficient as it only used rHDPE and NaCl as the main materials with additional chemicals and at the same time leave no impact on the environment. Variation of NaCl grinding period influenced the value of CA by which 240 minutes grinded NaCl displayed highest CA of 161.4°. This may be attributed by the increase of surface roughness as the grinding time increase. Furthermore, the surface morphology, topography, and self-cleaning ability of superhydrophobic surafce were analyzed to further understand the surface characteristics. The anti-sticking and self-cleaning properties were successfully displayed by the superhydrophobic surface thus, showing its potential as an eco-friendly material.
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PublicationInsights of MoO₃ HTL in perovskite solar cells from a simulation perspective( 2024-12)The charge carrier conduction mechanism plays an important role in determining efficient Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs), one of which lies in the Hole Transport Layer (HTL). Nowadays, the organic Spiro-Ometad HTL has been widely used in conventional PSCs, but the cell performance is still hindered and limited by the ambient humidity stability issue. Herein, a solid-state Molybdenum Trioxide (MoO₃) has been employed as the HTL in Pb-free PSCs. To comprehend its functional behaviour, a systematic study through the optimization of several critical parameters was carried out using SCAPs software. The high Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) was achieved reaching 20.3% under AM 1.5 illumination, proving the high potential of MoO₃ as HTL in PSC. With optimized parameters, the distinctive solid-state MoO₃ has stood out among the top HTLs in PSC technology.
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PublicationIsothermal oxidation behaviour of heat-treated Fe-33Ni-19Cr series ni-based superalloy( 2024-12)The impact of heat treatment on the high temperature oxidation of Ni-based superalloys, specifically the Fe-33Ni-19Cr series, is discussed in this study. This alloy, designated LT950 and HT1160, is heat treated at two distinct temperatures, 950 °C and 1150 °C, for three hours of soaking time, followed by a water quench. Rockwell hardness tests and optical microscopy were used to characterize the heat-treated samples. An isothermal oxidation test was performed on the heat-treated samples for 200 hours at 900 °C. The oxidation kinetics were ascertained by measuring the weight change of the oxidized sample. Oxidized samples were characterized by morphological analysis of the oxide scale using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and oxide phase analysis using x-ray diffraction (XRD). As a result, the sample's grain size increases with increasing heat treatment temperature. The results of the Rockwell hardness test indicate that the Rockwell hardness number decreases as the heat treatment temperature rises. However, every heat-treated sample that was put through the isothermal oxidation test displayed a pattern of weight gain as the length of exposure increased. Because fine-grained LT950 has a lower parabolic rate constant, it indicates a lower rate of oxidation and therefore has good resistance to oxidation. XRD analysis shows that several oxide layers have formed on the surface of the oxidized sample consisting of Cr-containing oxides from the Cr2O3 and MnCr2O4 phases. SEM analysis of fine-grained LT950 showed uniform oxide scale, while coarse-grained HT1150 showed the formation of cracked and porous structures.
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PublicationMagnetite (Fe₃O₄)-activated carbon composite from ground coffee waste for the removal of copper ions (Cu²⁺) from solution( 2024-12)The influence of the magnetite addition on the adsorption efficiency of activated carbon (AC) synthesized using different activators was investigated. In this work, the activated carbon from ground coffee waste (GCW) was prepared via activation with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and potassium hydroxide (KOH), followed by carbonization at 500˚C. The magnetite (Fe₃O₄)-activated carbon composites were prepared by mixing the activated carbon with Fe₃O₄ powders. From the X-ray diffraction analysis, both activated carbons produced by H₃PO₄, and KOH are in the form of amorphous structures. Magnetite peaks can be observed from the magnetite-activated carbon composites. KOH-treated activated carbon shows the formation of porous honeycomb-like structures with large pore size (average diameter ±43 𝛍m) compared to H3PO4-treated activated carbon where the smaller, non-uniform pore morphology with the average diameter ±32 𝛍m was formed. The copper ions removal efficiency is the highest for biochar (almost 100%). For treated activated carbon, AC-KOH and MAC-KOH shows the highest adsorption removal efficiency (99.7%) compared to the acid-treated carbon (91.9%). Magnetite itself has good adsorption behaviour (93.6% efficiency) due to its nanocrystalline structure (high surface area) and functional groups.
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PublicationNitrogen availability following application of urea and decanter CakePalm kernel expeller frass produced from black soldier fly larvae( 2024-12)The inefficient use of nitrogen is due to the loss of nitrogen (N) in the soil caused by a range of mechanisms, including the volatilization of ammonia, the leaching of nitrates, the runoff of soil, and autotrophic reactions. In this work, an effort was made to keep nitrogen from being lost during the urea treatment by making use of frass produced by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) on decanter cake (DC) and palm kernel expeller (PKE). Thirty days of soil incubation was carried out to study the effects of varying concentrations of BSFL on the amount of nitrogen retained from varying concentrations of urea. In the incubation of the soil, the treatments were as follows: 300 g of soil only (T0), 300 g of soil + 4 g of urea (T1), 300 g of soil + 40 g of frass (T2), 300 g of soil + 30 g of frass+ 3 g of urea (T3), and 300 g of soil + 20 g of frass + 2 g of urea (T4). The treatments were organized using a complete randomized design (CRD), and each replication was performed three times. Incorporating BSFL frass into the soil increased pH, total carbon, organic matter, available nitrate and exchangeable ammonium, and cation exchange capacity in the soil. This is due to BSFL frass being rich in base cations. Amending urea with BSFL frass significantly increased soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) and pH because high pH contributes to a low concentration of H+ ions in the soil and increases the possibility of NH4+ cations binding on the negative sites on the surface of BSFL frass. In conclusion, pH was an important regulator of net nitrification during BSFL composting.