Ahmad Radi Wan Yaakub
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Ahmad Radi Wan Yaakub
Official Name
Ahmad Radi, Wan Yaakub
Alternative Name
Wan Yaakub, Ahmad Radi
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Scopus Author ID
57221283601

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  • Publication
    Bio-Enzyme Hybrid with Nanomaterials: A Potential Cargo as Sustainable Biocatalyst
    ( 2023-05-01)
    Tan W.Y.
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    ;
    Anbu P.
    ;
    Ahmad Radi Wan Yaakub
    ;
    Subramaniam S.
    ;
    Chen Y.
    ;
    Sasidharan S.
    With advancements in bionanotechnology, the field of nanobiocatalysts has undergone rapid growth and revolutionized various nanomaterials as novel and fascinating nanocarriers for enzyme immobilization. Nanotubes, nanofibers, nanopores, nanoparticles, and nanocomposites have been successfully developed and used as nanocarriers. The construction of robust nanobiocatalysts by combining enzymes and nanocarriers using various enzyme immobilization techniques is gaining incredible attention because of their extraordinary catalytic performance, high stability, and ease of reusability under different physical and chemical conditions. Creating appropriate surface chemistry for nanomaterials promotes their downstream applications. This review discusses enzyme immobilization on nanocarriers and highlights the techniques, properties, preparations, and applications of nanoimmobilized enzymes.
  • Publication
    Diagnosing metabolic diseases by nanoparticle immobilization
    ( 2020-01-01)
    Nor Azizah Parmin
    ;
    Uda Hashim
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    ;
    Nadzirah S.
    ;
    Muhammad Nur Uda
    ;
    Muhammad Nur Aiman Uda
    ;
    Voon Chun Hong
    ;
    Isa A.M.
    ;
    Ahmad Radi Wan Yaakub
    Metabolic disease is a group of conditions that expand the risk of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. High blood sugar, blood pressure, excess body fat around the waist, and abnormal cholesterol or triglyceride levels are included in this kind of metabolic disease that seems dangerous to human beings. The development of metabolic disease happened when the organs, such as the liver and pancreas did not function properly and triggered metabolic disease. Metabolic diseases happen at the point when irregular compound responses in the human body can modify the typical metabolic procedures. Metabolic diseases can be defined as an inherited single gene, mostly autosomal recessive. The principal classes of metabolic diseases include metabolic brain diseases, calcium metabolism disorder, acid-base imbalance, and glucose metabolism disorders. Diagnosing metabolic diseases was tedious and depending on which type of disease was involved, and currently, by using DNA tests, we can identify the disease but it takes several hours and only a professional person in charge can analyze the result. Advances in diagnosing metabolic diseases by nanoparticle immobilization establish a promising exploration area with favorable impacts on the treatment of diseases. Nanotechnology based on nanoparticle implementation was useful for the metabolic disorder diagnosis to prevent the disease from going viral to develop. Biosensor based on nanoparticles has been applied in several detections including metabolic illnesses to improve accessible analytical methods. Point-of-care (POC) sensor devices have been developed for metabolic disease and offer outcomes, quicker, simpler and at a lower cost than conventional methods. It also can be used in remote regions for metabolic diagnosis. In this chapter, different nanoparticle immobilization has been discussed to diagnose metabolic diseases by using it in clinical approach.
  • Publication
    Characterization and anti-bacterial potential of iron oxide nanoparticle processed eco-friendly by plant extract
    ( 2020-11-02)
    Yan L.P.
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    ;
    Anbu P.
    ;
    Farizul Hafiz Kasim
    ;
    Hanna Ilyani Zulhaimi
    ;
    Ahmad Radi Wan Yaakub
    This research comprehends iron-oxide nanoparticle (IONP) production, the apparent metallic nanostructure with unique superparamagnetic properties. Durian-rind-extract was utilized to synthesize IONP and the color of reaction mixture becomes dark brown, indicated the formation of IONPs and the peak was observed at ∼330 nm under UV-visible spectroscopy. The morphological observation under high-resolution microscopies has revealed the spherical shape and the average size (∼10 nm) of IONP. The further support was rendered by EDX-analysis showing apparent iron and oxygen peaks. XRD results displayed the crystalline planes with (110) and (300) planes at 2θ of 35.73° and 63.53°, respectively. XPS-data has clearly demonstrated the presence of Fe2P and O1s peaks. The IONPs were successfully capped by the polyphenol compounds from durian-rind-extract as evidenced by the representative peaks between 1633 and 595 cm−1 from FTIR analysis. The antimicrobial potentials of IONPs were evidenced by the disk-diffusion assay. The obtained results have abundant attention and being actively explored owing to their beneficial applications.
  • Publication
    Analysis on silica and graphene nanomaterials obtained from rice straw for antimicrobial potential
    ( 2024-06)
    Muhammad Nur Aiman Uda
    ;
    N. H. A Jalil
    ;
    Muhammad Firdaus Abdul Muttalib
    ;
    Fahisal Abdullah
    ;
    Uda Hashim
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    ;
    Shahidah Arina Shamsuddin
    ;
    Nursakinah Abdul Karim
    ;
    Ahmad Radi Wan Yaakub
    ;
    Nur Hulwani Ibrahim
    ;
    Tijjani Adam
    ;
    Nor Azizah Parmin
    ;
    Nadiya Akmal Baharum
    This study focuses on the encapsulation of silica and graphene nanoparticles and their potential applications. The encapsulation enhances the properties and effectiveness of these nanoparticles, with silica providing stability and graphene contributing to high surface area and electrical conductivity. Characterization of silica-graphene nanoparticles was conducted using various techniques including High Power Microscope (HPM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and 3D Nano Profiler. The antimicrobial activity of silica, graphene, and silica-graphene nanoparticles was evaluated using a disc diffusion assay against E. coli and B. subtilis at varying concentrations. Results showed significant antimicrobial activity, with the inhibition zone being directly proportional to the concentration. Silica-graphene nanoparticles demonstrated higher efficacy against E. coli compared to B. subtilis, attributed to differences in cell wall structure. Statistical analysis using ANOVA confirmed significant differences in antimicrobial activity among the tested components.
  • Publication
    Comparative study on mechanisms of gases release from Ca-alginate beads
    ( 2024)
    Yee-Ming Peh
    ;
    Lee Boon Beng
    ;
    Farizul Hafiz Kasim
    ;
    Akmal Hadi Ma’Radzi
    ;
    Ahmad Radi Wan Yaakub
    ;
    Hafizah Mohd Johar
    ;
    D.F.A. Riza
    ;
    N. Izza
    ;
    K. Gustinasari
    ;
    I.K. Maharsih
    ;
    W.B. Sunarharum
    ;
    M. Nurcholis
    ;
    B.S.D. Dewanti
    ;
    V.T. Widayanti
    ;
    E. Mufidah
    ;
    I. Qisthiya
    ;
    D. Karadag
    ;
    S. Idrus
    ;
    H. Umakoshi
    ;
    Y.C. Lee
    ;
    D. Fatchurrahman
    ;
    M. Zhu
    ;
    K.A. Omwange
    ;
    T. Addini
    Calcium alginate (Ca-alginate) beads have attracted considerable attention as carriers for the controlled release of volatile compounds due to their biocompatibility and tunable properties. This study aimed to compare the release of ethylene and carbon dioxide gas from Ca-alginate beads. Ca-alginate beads were prepared from a sodium alginate solution containing ethephon and calcium carbonate as the gas-forming agent. The resulting solution was then extruded into a calcium chloride solution. The gas release behavior was studied by monitoring the concentration of released gases over time using gas detectors. Extrusion tip diameter, alginate concentration and gas-releasing agent concentration were systematically varied to assess their effect on the gas release rate. The results indicated distinct release patterns for ethylene and carbon dioxide gas. Ethylene gas exhibited a relatively slower and sustained release, while carbon dioxide gas exhibited a more rapid release. Moreover, the bead size influenced the gas release, with larger beads displaying faster release rates for ethylene and carbon dioxide gas. The concentration of alginate also played a role in modulating the release kinetics, with higher alginate concentration resulting in slower gas release. The findings have implications for designing and optimizing Ca-alginate-based systems for agricultural applications, including plant hormone delivery and modified atmosphere packaging.
  • Publication
    Isolation of cellulose nanocrystals from rice husks using natural deep eutectic solvent
    ( 2024-07)
    Nur Ain Natasya Ramli
    ;
    Sam Sung Ting
    ;
    Ahmad Radi Wan Yaakub
    ;
    Muhammad Faiq Abdullah
    Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are highly crystalline, rod-shaped nanoparticles derived from cellulose, commonly found in biomass such as rice husks. Rice husks, an agricultural waste rich in cellulose, can be utilized for CNC production. In this study, CNCs were isolated from rice husks using a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES), an environmentally friendly solvent. The objective was to examine the effects of temperature and reaction time on CNC solubility during dissolution with NADES. The one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method revealed that the optimal conditions were at temperature of 120°C and a reaction time of 8 hours. Morphological analysis using microscopy showed that raw rice husks had a rough, solid, brown appearance, while alkaline-treated rice husks appeared smoother and more porous. Bleached rice husks exhibited a very smooth, white, and fluffy appearance, and CNCs appeared as transparent solids. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis indicated the presence of β-glycosidic linkages in all three samples (CNCs, alkaline-treated, and bleached rice husks), suggesting that the cellulose structure remained intact during pretreatment. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disc diffusion method, confirming that raw, alkaline-treated, and bleached rice husks, as well as CNCs isolated from rice husks, exhibited antibacterial properties against both gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) and gram-positive bacteria (B. subtilis). This study successfully isolated CNCs from rice husks using NADES, demonstrating the potential for further improvements to enhance production efficiency.
  • Publication
    Analysis on Silica and Graphene Nanomaterials Obtained From Rice Straw for Antimicrobial Potential
    ( 2024-06-12)
    Muhammad Nur Aiman Uda
    ;
    A Jalil N.H.
    ;
    Muhammad Firdaus Abdul Muttalib
    ;
    Fadhilnor Abdullah
    ;
    Uda Hashim
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    ;
    Afnan Uda M.N.
    ;
    Shahidah Arina Shamsuddin
    ;
    Norizah Abd Karim
    ;
    Ahmad Radi Wan Yaakub
    ;
    Ibrahim N.H.
    ;
    Tijjani Adam
    ;
    Nor Azizah Parmin
    ;
    Baharum N.A.
    This study focuses on the encapsulation of silica and graphene nanoparticles and their potential applications. The encapsulation enhances the properties and effectiveness of these nanoparticles, with silica providing stability and graphene contributing to high surface area and electrical conductivity. Characterization of silica-graphene nanoparticles was conducted using various techniques including High Power Microscope (HPM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and 3D Nano Profiler. The antimicrobial activity of silica, graphene, and silica-graphene nanoparticles was evaluated using a disc diffusion assay against E. coli and B. subtilis at varying concentrations. Results showed significant antimicrobial activity, with the inhibition zone being directly proportional to the concentration. Silica-graphene nanoparticles demonstrated higher efficacy against E. coli compared to B. subtilis, attributed to differences in cell wall structure. Statistical analysis using ANOVA confirmed significant differences in antimicrobial activity among the tested components.
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