Nurul Aida Mohd Mortar
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Preferred name
Nurul Aida Mohd Mortar
Official Name
Nurul Aida, Mohd Mortar
Alternative Name
Mortar, Nurul Aida Mohd
Mohd Mortar, Nurul Aida
Aida Mohd Mortar, Nurul
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
57216407516
Researcher ID
DHB-8250-2022

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  • Publication
    Properties and behavior of geopolymer concrete subjected to explosive air blast loading: a review
    ( 2017)
    Nurul Aida Mohd Mortar
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    ;
    Andrei Victor Sandu
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Ahmad Humaizi Hilmi
    ;
    Rafiza Abdul Razak
    The severe damage to civilian buildings, public area, jet aircraft impact and defense target under explosive blast loading can cause a huge property loss. Most of researcher discusses the topics on design the concrete material model to sustain againts the explosive detonation. The implementation of modern reinforcement steels and fibres in ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete matrix can reduce the extreme loading effects. However, most researchers have proved that geopolymer concrete (GPC) has better mechanical properties towards high performance concrete, compared to OPC. GPC has the high early compressive strength and high ability to resist the thermal energy from explosive detonation. In addition, OPC production is less environmental friendly than geopolymer cement. Geopolymer used can lead to environmental protection besides being improved in mechanical properties. Thus, this paper highlighted on an experimental, numerical and the analytical studies cause of the explosive detonation impact to concrete structures.
  • Publication
    Properties and behavior of geopolymer concrete subjected to explosive air blast loading: a review
    ( 2017)
    Nurul Aida Mohd Mortar
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    ;
    Rafiza Abdul Razak
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Ahmad Humaizi Hilmi
    ;
    Andrei Victor Sandu
    The severe damage to civilian buildings, public area, jet aircraft impact and defense target under explosive blast loading can cause a huge property loss. Most of researcher discusses the topics on design the concrete material model to sustain againts the explosive detonation. The implementation of modern reinforcement steels and fibres in ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete matrix can reduce the extreme loading effects. However, most researchers have proved that geopolymer concrete (GPC) has better mechanical properties towards high performance concrete, compared to OPC. GPC has the high early compressive strength and high ability to resist the thermal energy from explosive detonation. In addition, OPC production is less environmental friendly than geopolymer cement. Geopolymer used can lead to environmental protection besides being improved in mechanical properties. Thus, this paper highlighted on an experimental, numerical and the analytical studies cause of the explosive detonation impact to concrete structures.
  • Publication
    Geopolymer ceramic application: a review on mix design, properties and reinforcement enhancement
    ( 2022)
    Nurul Aida Mohd Mortar
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Rafiza Abdul Razak
    ;
    Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim
    ;
    Ikmal Hakem Aziz
    ;
    Marcin Nabiałek
    ;
    Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya
    ;
    Augustin Semenescu
    ;
    Rosnita Mohamed
    ;
    Mohd Fathullah Ghazli@Ghazali
    Geopolymers have been intensively explored over the past several decades and considered as green materials and may be synthesised from natural sources and wastes. Global attention has been generated by the use of kaolin and calcined kaolin in the production of ceramics, green cement, and concrete for the construction industry and composite materials. The previous findings on ceramic geopolymer mix design and factors affecting their suitability as green ceramics are reviewed. It has been found that kaolin offers significant benefit for ceramic geopolymer applications, including excellent chemical resistance, good mechanical properties, and good thermal properties that allow it to sinter at a low temperature, 200 °C. The review showed that ceramic geopolymers can be made from kaolin with a low calcination temperature that have similar properties to those made from high calcined temperature. However, the choice of alkali activator and chemical composition should be carefully investigated, especially under normal curing conditions, 27 °C. A comprehensive review of the properties of kaolin ceramic geopolymers is also presented, including compressive strength, chemical composition, morphological, and phase analysis. This review also highlights recent findings on the range of sintering temperature in the ceramic geopolymer field which should be performed between 600 °C and 1200 °C. A brief understanding of kaolin geopolymers with a few types of reinforcement towards property enhancement were covered. To improve toughness, the role of zirconia was highlighted. The addition of zirconia between 10% and 40% in geopolymer materials promises better properties and the mechanism reaction is presented. Findings from the review should be used to identify potential strategies that could develop the performance of the kaolin ceramic geopolymers industry in the electronics industry, cement, and biomedical materials.
  • Publication
    Finite element analysis on structural behaviour of geopolymer reinforced concrete beam using Johnson-Cook Damage in ABAQUS
    ( 2022)
    Nurul Aida Mohd Mortar
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Rafiza Abdul Razak
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    ;
    Sanusi Hamat
    ;
    Ahmad Humaizi Hilmi
    ;
    Noorfifi Natasha Shahedan
    ;
    Long Yuan Li
    ;
    Ikmal Hakem A. Aziz
    This paper details a finite element analysis of the behaviour of Si-Al geopolymer concrete beam reinforced steel bar under an impulsive load and hyper velocity speed up to 1 km/s created by an air blast explosion. The initial torsion stiffness and ultimate torsion strength of the beam increased with increasing compressive strength and decreasing stirrup ratio. The study involves building a finite element model to detail the stress distribution and compute the level of damage, displacement, and cracks development on the geopolymer concrete reinforcement beam. This was done in ABAQUS, where a computational model of the finite element was used to determine the elasticity, plasticity, concrete tension damages, concrete damage plasticity, and the viability of the Johnson-Cook Damage method on the Si-Al geopolymer concrete. The results from the numerical simulation show that an increase in the load magnitude at the midspan of the beam leads to a percentage increase in the ultimate damage of the reinforced geopolymer beams failing in shear plastic deformation. The correlation between the numerical and experimental blasting results confirmed that the damage pattern accurately predicts the response of the steel reinforcement Si-Al geopolymer concrete beams, concluded that decreasing the scaled distance from 0.298 kg/m3 to 0.149 kg/m3 increased the deformation percentage.
  • Publication
    Comparison of hook and straight steel fibers addition on Malaysian fly ash-based geopolymer concrete on the slump, density, water absorption and mechanical properties
    ( 2021)
    Meor Ahmad Faris bin Meor Ahmad Tajudin
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Ratnasamy Muniandy
    ;
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Katarzyna Błoch
    ;
    Bartłomiej Jeż
    ;
    Sebastian Garus
    ;
    Paweł Palutkiewicz
    ;
    Nurul Aida Mohd Mortar
    ;
    Mohd Fathullah Ghazli@Ghazali
    Geopolymer concrete has the potential to replace ordinary Portland cement which can reduce carbon dioxide emission to the environment. The addition of different amounts of steel fibers, as well as different types of end-shape fibers, could alter the performance of geopolymer concrete. The source of aluminosilicate (fly ash) used in the production of geopolymer concrete may lead to a different result. This study focuses on the comparison between Malaysian fly ash geopolymer concrete with the addition of hooked steel fibers and geopolymer concrete with the addition of straight-end steel fibers to the physical and mechanical properties. Malaysian fly ash was first characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to identify the chemical composition. The sample of steel fiber reinforced geopolymer concrete was produced by mixing fly ash, alkali activators, aggregates, and specific amounts of hook or straight steel fibers. The steel fibers addition for both types of fibers are 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% by volume percentage. The samples were cured at room temperature. The physical properties (slump, density, and water absorption) of reinforced geopolymer concrete were studied. Meanwhile, a mechanical performance which is compressive, as well as the flexural strength was studied. The results show that the pattern in physical properties of geopolymer concrete for both types of fibers addition is almost similar where the slump is decreased with density and water absorption is increased with the increasing amount of fibers addition. However, the addition of hook steel fiber to the geopolymer concrete produced a lower slump than the addition of straight steel fibers. Meanwhile, the addition of hook steel fiber to the geopolymer concrete shows a higher density and water absorption compared to the sample with the addition of straight steel fibers. However, the difference is not significant. Besides, samples with the addition of hook steel fibers give better performance for compressive and flexural strength compared to the samples with the addition of straight steel fibers where the highest is at 1.0% of fibers addition.
  • Publication
    Comparison of hook and straight steel fibers addition on malaysian fly ash-based geopolymer concrete on the slump, density, water absorption and mechanical properties
    ( 2021)
    Meor Ahmad Faris bin Meor Ahmad Tajudin
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Ratnasamy Muniandy
    ;
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Katarzyna Błoch
    ;
    Bartłomiej Jeż
    ;
    Sebastian Garus
    ;
    Paweł Palutkiewicz
    ;
    Nurul Aida Mohd Mortar
    ;
    Mohd Fathullah Ghazli@Ghazali
    Geopolymer concrete has the potential to replace ordinary Portland cement which can reduce carbon dioxide emission to the environment. The addition of different amounts of steel fibers, as well as different types of end-shape fibers, could alter the performance of geopolymer concrete. The source of aluminosilicate (fly ash) used in the production of geopolymer concrete may lead to a different result. This study focuses on the comparison between Malaysian fly ash geopolymer concrete with the addition of hooked steel fibers and geopolymer concrete with the addition of straight-end steel fibers to the physical and mechanical properties. Malaysian fly ash was first characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to identify the chemical composition. The sample of steel fiber reinforced geopolymer concrete was produced by mixing fly ash, alkali activators, aggregates, and specific amounts of hook or straight steel fibers. The steel fibers addition for both types of fibers are 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% by volume percentage. The samples were cured at room temperature. The physical properties (slump, density, and water absorption) of reinforced geopolymer concrete were studied. Meanwhile, a mechanical performance which is compressive, as well as the flexural strength was studied. The results show that the pattern in physical properties of geopolymer concrete for both types of fibers addition is almost similar where the slump is decreased with density and water absorption is increased with the increasing amount of fibers addition. However, the addition of hook steel fiber to the geopolymer concrete produced a lower slump than the addition of straight steel fibers. Meanwhile, the addition of hook steel fiber to the geopolymer concrete shows a higher density and water absorption compared to the sample with the addition of straight steel fibers. However, the difference is not significant. Besides, samples with the addition of hook steel fibers give better performance for compressive and flexural strength compared to the samples with the addition of straight steel fibers where the highest is at 1.0% of fibers addition.
  • Publication
    FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS ON STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF GEOPOLYMER REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM USING JOHNSON-COOK DAMAGE IN ABAQUS
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Nurul Aida Mohd Mortar
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Kamarudin Hussin
    ;
    Rafiza Abd Razak
    ;
    Sanusi Hamat
    ;
    Ahmad Humaizi Hilmi
    ;
    Noorfifi Natasha Shahedan
    ;
    Li L.Y.
    ;
    Ikmal Hakem Abdul Aziz
    This paper details a finite element analysis of the behaviour of Si-Al geopolymer concrete beam reinforced steel bar under an impulsive load and hyper velocity speed up to 1 km/s created by an air blast explosion. The initial torsion stiffness and ultimate torsion strength of the beam increased with increasing compressive strength and decreasing stirrup ratio. The study involves building a finite element model to detail the stress distribution and compute the level of damage, displacement, and cracks development on the geopolymer concrete reinforcement beam. This was done in ABAQUS, where a computational model of the finite element was used to determine the elasticity, plasticity, concrete tension damages, concrete damage plasticity, and the viability of the Johnson-Cook Damage method on the Si-Al geopolymer concrete. The results from the numerical simulation show that an increase in the load magnitude at the midspan of the beam leads to a percentage increase in the ultimate damage of the reinforced geopolymer beams failing in shear plastic deformation. The correlation between the numerical and experimental blasting results confirmed that the damage pattern accurately predicts the response of the steel reinforcement Si-Al geopolymer concrete beams, concluded that decreasing the scaled distance from 0.298 kg/m3 to 0.149 kg/m3 increased the deformation percentage.
  • Publication
    Synthesis and Characterization of Fly ash based Geopolymer Ceramics: Effect of NaOH Concentration
    ( 2020-03-18)
    Ahmad R.
    ;
    Wan Ibrahim W.M.
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Sandu A.V.
    ;
    Nurul Aida Mohd Mortar
    ;
    Hashim N.
    ;
    Ahmad Zailani W.W.
    Ceramic materials have demonstrated impressive performance under severe conditions in a wide number of areas including health, energy and environment, transportation and electronic applications. In order to meet the growing demand of specific properties of ceramics, the use of geopolymer method were introduced as an alternate way by providing new material to fabricate geopolymer as ceramic precursor and moving towards green technology. Geopolymer ceramic was produced using fly ash as source materials. Different molarities of sodium hydroxide solution in the range of 8 M to 14 M were used in the preparation of fly ash geopolymer ceramic. The ratio of fly ash/alkaline solution and alkaline activator were kept constant at 2.0 and 2.5 respectively. Physical and mechanical properties such as density, flexural strength and shrinkage were determined. The optimum flexural strength of 61.6 MPa is obtained at the sodium hydroxide concentration of 12 M with the density of 2.21 g/cm3. The formation of almost fully crystalline phase with appearance of albite contribute to the flexural strength of fly ash geopolymer ceramic. Microstructure image result shows that a presence of pores due to sintering effect and smoother matrix which gives denser structure as supported by the excellent density.
  • Publication
    Geopolymer Ceramic Application: A Review on Mix Design, Properties and Reinforcement Enhancement
    ( 2022-11-01)
    Nurul Aida Mohd Mortar
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Abdul Razak R.
    ;
    Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim
    ;
    Aziz I.H.
    ;
    Nabiałek M.
    ;
    Jaya R.P.
    ;
    Semenescu A.
    ;
    Mohamed R.
    ;
    Ghazali M.F.
    Geopolymers have been intensively explored over the past several decades and considered as green materials and may be synthesised from natural sources and wastes. Global attention has been generated by the use of kaolin and calcined kaolin in the production of ceramics, green cement, and concrete for the construction industry and composite materials. The previous findings on ceramic geopolymer mix design and factors affecting their suitability as green ceramics are reviewed. It has been found that kaolin offers significant benefit for ceramic geopolymer applications, including excellent chemical resistance, good mechanical properties, and good thermal properties that allow it to sinter at a low temperature, 200 °C. The review showed that ceramic geopolymers can be made from kaolin with a low calcination temperature that have similar properties to those made from high calcined temperature. However, the choice of alkali activator and chemical composition should be carefully investigated, especially under normal curing conditions, 27 °C. A comprehensive review of the properties of kaolin ceramic geopolymers is also presented, including compressive strength, chemical composition, morphological, and phase analysis. This review also highlights recent findings on the range of sintering temperature in the ceramic geopolymer field which should be performed between 600 °C and 1200 °C. A brief understanding of kaolin geopolymers with a few types of reinforcement towards property enhancement were covered. To improve toughness, the role of zirconia was highlighted. The addition of zirconia between 10% and 40% in geopolymer materials promises better properties and the mechanism reaction is presented. Findings from the review should be used to identify potential strategies that could develop the performance of the kaolin ceramic geopolymers industry in the electronics industry, cement, and biomedical materials.
  • Publication
    Mechanical and physical properties of bottom ash/fly ash geopolymer for pavement brick application
    ( 2020-03-18)
    Wan Ibrahim W.M.
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Ahmad R.
    ;
    Muhammad Faheem Mohd. Tahir
    ;
    Nurul Aida Mohd Mortar
    ;
    Noor Azli M.A.A.
    Geopolymers are amorphous to semi-crystalline with excellent physical and and mechanical properties. It has been used to become a potential binder to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) in certain applications due to its lower emission of carbon dioxide gases and low energy consumption sustainability criteria. Bottom Ash (BA) is one of the main industrial by-products and it is produced at the bottom of the furnace during the coal combustion process in electricity generation. The application of BA as a sustainable construction material in the building industry plays an important role in order to decrease the volume of residual waste and conserving existing natural fine aggregates. The objectives for this study is to study the effect of fly ash to bottom ash ratio and to determine the optimum ratio of fly ash to bottom ash geopolymer for pavement brick application. The chemical composition and morphology of geopolymer reinforcement was analysed by using X-ray Fluorescence and Scanning Electron Microscope. The molarity of the Sodium Hydroxide solution is fixed at 12M. The parameter used in this study are different weight percentage of fly ash geopolymer 0 wt%, 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt% and 40 wt%. The solid to liquid ratios for this study is 2.0. The curing temperature of this study is 80°C and the curing time is 24 hours. 100% of bottom ash geopolymer is used as a control variable for this study.