Muhammad Imran Ahmad
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Preferred name
Muhammad Imran Ahmad
Official Name
Muhammad Imran, Ahmad
Alternative Name
Ahmad, Muhammad Imran
Ahmad, M. I.
Imran Ahmad, Muhammad
Ahmad, Muhamad Imran
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
57214845678
Researcher ID
GBE-1471-2022

Research Output
Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
  • Publication
    e-PADI: an iot-based paddy productivity monitoring and advisory system
    ( 2019)
    M.A.F. Ismail
    ;
    Mohd Nazrin Md Isa
    ;
    S. N. Mohyar
    ;
    Muhammad Imran Ahmad
    ;
    M. N. M. Ismail
    ;
    Rizalafande Che Ismail
    ;
    A. Harun
    ;
    Sohiful Anuar Zainol Murad
    Rice is source of food calories and protein.  This second most widely grown cereal crop is the staple food for more than half the world’s population especially in developing countries.  The ability of global rice production to meet population demands (now estimated at more than 5 billion and projected to rise to 8.9 billion by 2050) remains in uncertainty in the near future unless challenges in rice production are properly addressed [1-3]. This paper proposed an IoT (Internet of things)-based paddy productivity monitoring and advisory system Using Dash7 Wireless Network Protocol. All collected data will be stored in a database management system to enable users to retrieve data either from tablets, smartphones or computers. The heart of the system is the ATmega328p microcontroller that will control the payload of the wireless network of dash7 and read data from sensor nodes. Results show all data from sensor nodes in representation of graph for analysis purpose.
      36  7
  • Publication
    Image data compression using fast Fourier transform (FFT) technique for wireless sensor network
    ( 2024-02-08)
    Haron M.H.
    ;
    Mohd Nazrin Md Isa
    ;
    Muhammad Imran Ahmad
    ;
    Arshad M.A.M.
    ;
    Asral Bahari Jambek
    ;
    Siti Zarina Md Naziri
    ;
    Hussin R.
    ;
    Harun A.
    ;
    Rizalafande Che Ismail
    ;
    Shaiful Nizam Mohyar
    Agricultural settings present unique challenges for the transmission of huge amounts of images over long-range wireless networks. It is challenging to remotely gather data for transmission over a wireless network in research areas due to a lack of basic amenities like internet connections, especially in distant agricultural areas. In this research, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method was used in conjunction with the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) method of image compression to achieve a higher compression ratio. In order for a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to provide compressed image data to a wireless based station, a LoRaWAN network has been identified. Low-power LoRaWAN networks may regularly transmit compressed images from an agricultural region to a monitoring system up to 15 km away. Images of golden apple snails were collected for this study from a variety of sources. The procedure was coded in MATLAB so that it could be run with input images being judged by the created algorithm. The input images can be compressed with a range of compression ratios (CR) from 3.00 to 50.00, as shown by the simulation results. Compressed image quality is measured not only by the above-mentioned criteria, but also by Mean Square Error (MSE) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR). According to the numbers, the best achievable compression ratio is 49.04, with an MSE of 172.72 and a PSNR of 25.75 at its highest.
      29  4
  • Publication
    Image data compression using discrete cosine transform technique for wireless transmission
    ( 2021-12)
    Mona H. Haron
    ;
    Mohd Nazrin Md Isa
    ;
    Muhammad Imran Ahmad
    ;
    Rizalafande Che Ismail
    ;
    Norhawati Ahmad
    Telemetry data transfer over long-range wireless network for internet of things-based applications presently gaining popularity and this trend continuous in the era of Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0). However, transmitting larger amount of data such as images is a challenging task and requires further attention and research. Moreover, transmitting data over open agricultural area requires this capability to collect field data for further research and analysis. This work aims to propose a suitable image compression technique and recommends for the best compression ratio as to address the aforementioned issue. Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is a well-known lossy-based image compression technique, which has been explored along with another compression algorithm known as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Comparison between the two most widely used compression algorithms was analyzed and discussed. In this paper, golden apple snail images are acquired from various databases which include the mature snail, adult female laying eggs, snail pink eggs on stem and snails in the water. A MATLAB code is written to implement both algorithms with input images from the database is tested on the developed algorithm. Simulation results have shown that the input images can be compressed with a different value of compression ratio (CR) ranging from 3.00 to 50.00. Other than that, it is noted that the quality of the compression ratio is 49.04 with Mean Square Error (MSE) of 172.72 and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) of 25.75.
      23  1
  • Publication
    Development of Soil Electrical Conductivity (EC) Sensing System in Paddy Field
    ( 2021-03-01)
    Othaman N.N.C.
    ;
    Mohd Nazrin Md Isa
    ;
    Razaidi Hussin
    ;
    Rizalafande Che Ismail
    ;
    Siti Zarina Md Naziri
    ;
    Sohiful Anuar Zainol Murad
    ;
    Azizi Harun
    ;
    Muhammad Imran Ahmad
    The amount of fertilisers affects electrical conductivity (EC), and it is one of the major causes of the paddy yield decrease. The overuse of fertilisers can lead to environmental pollution and contamination. This study designed to develop soil electrical conductivity (EC) sensing system in the paddy field using the smart farming application. In this work, the study conducted in Kampung Ladang, Kuala Perlis, and the soil samples collected from a random location at two different depths from the paddy field. The EC value for the developed system was near the calibration solutions (12880µS and 150000µS) and directly proportional to the temperature. From the laboratory soil results, the EC values of the soils were higher with fertiliser. However, the EC values for 0-10cm soil depth were higher than 10-20cm soil depth. The soil EC is inversely proportional to the depth of soil and directly proportional to the amount of nutrients. It observed that the soil EC is linearly related to the amount of nutrients and temperature. The EC value decreases with the increase of soil depth displays a low amount of salts in the deep soil, while, increases with the increase of temperature indicates high current flow.
      1  38
  • Publication
    Factors that affect soil electrical conductivity (EC) based system for smart farming application
    ( 2020-01-08)
    Othaman N.N.C.
    ;
    Mohd Nazrin Md Isa
    ;
    Rizalafande Che Ismail
    ;
    Muhammad Imran Ahmad
    ;
    Hui C.K.
    This paper presents the design and implementation of a soil electrical conductivity (EC) based system for a smart farming application using Arduino MEGA microcontroller. This work aims to establish the co-relationship between the measured EC values from the developed system with the amount of required NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) fertilizer. Experimental results show that the soil EC is directly proportional to the nutrient concentration and inversely proportional to the depth of the soil. Besides, the soil EC values reflect the soil salinity (salt concentration) where, the higher the EC value, the higher the salt concentration in the soil and vice versa. It is also noted that the EC values and the total dissolved solids (TDS) could be used to estimate the amount of required NPK fertilizer.
      1  42
  • Publication
    High performance Systolic array core architecture design for DNA sequencer
    ( 2018)
    Dayana Saiful Nurdin
    ;
    Mohd Nazrin Md Isa
    ;
    Rizalafande Che Ismail
    ;
    Muhammad Imran Ahmad
    This paper presents a high performance systolic array (SA) core architecture design for Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) sequencer. The core implements the affine gap penalty score Smith-Waterman (SW) algorithm. This time-consuming local alignment algorithm guarantees optimal alignment between DNA sequences, but it requires quadratic computation time when performed on standard desktop computers. The use of linear SA decreases the time complexity from quadratic to linear. In addition, with the exponential growth of DNA databases, the SA architecture is used to overcome the timing issue. In this work, the SW algorithm has been captured using Verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL) and simulated using Xilinx ISIM simulator. The proposed design has been implemented in Xilinx Virtex -6 Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and improved in the core area by 90% reduction.
      3  13
  • Publication
    Biological sequence alignments: A review of hardware accelerators and a new PE computing strategy
    ( 2014)
    Mohd Nazrin Md Isa
    ;
    Muhammad Imran Ahmad
    ;
    Sohiful Anuar Zainol Murad
    ;
    Rizalafande Che Ismail
    ;
    Khaled Benkrid
    One of the most challenging tasks in sequence alignment is its repetitive and time-consuming alignment matrix computations. In addition, performing sequence alignment in hardware, i.e. FPGA requires more hardware resources as the number of processing elements is replicated to increase performance throughput. This paper first reviews the existing FPGA-based biological sequence alignment core architectures and then proposed an efficient scheduling strategy, the so-called overlap computation and configuration (OCC) towards realizing optimized biological sequence alignment core architecture targeting for pairwise sequence alignment. In this research work, double buffering-based core architecture have been proposed and implemented on Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA. Results have shown that this approach gained more than 10K times speed-up as compared to the GPP solution.
      3  20