Noor Hasyierah Mohd Salleh
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Noor Hasyierah Mohd Salleh
Official Name
Noor Hasyierah, Mohd Salleh
Alternative Name
Salleh, N. H.M.
Salleh, N. H.Mohd
Mohd Salleh, N. H.
Mohd Salleh, Noor Hasyierah
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41762655600

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  • Publication
    Inhibition of Aspergillus flavus by Momordica charantia Ethanolic Leaves Extract for Mushroom Protection
    ( 2023-06-09)
    Noor Hasyierah Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Zulkarnay Zakaria
    ;
    Aziz N.H.
    ;
    Ahmad Anas Nagoor Gunny
    ;
    Alina Rahayu Mohamed
    ;
    Munusamy T.
    Pleurotus ostreatus, better known as oyster mushroom is one of the world’s widely cultivated mushroom. Infection from pathogenic fungi is one of the major reasons causing losses of mushroom during cultivation. The objective of this study is to investigate the antifungal property of Momordica charantia leaves extract against Aspergillus flavus for mushroom protection. The inhibitory effect of M. charantia leaves extract against A. flavus isolated from infected P. ostreatus mushroom bag was investigated using pour plate technique. Inhibition of A. flavus mycelial growth was the highest at extract concentration of 9.64 v/v %, temperature 26℃ and incubation time of 96 hours with inhibitory value of 70.58 ± 0.00 %, 78.4 ± 0.00 % and 63.33 ± 2.89 % respectively. Structural morphology of the mycelia grown on the treated plate also showed morphological alteration compared to the control plate. Hence, Momordica charantia leaves extract may serves as a promising fungicides alternative to chemical use for controlling invasion of A. flavus on oyster mushroom.
  • Publication
    CHARACTERISATION OF POMACEA CANALICULATA EGGS TREATED WITH PROTEASE
    ( 2024-01-01)
    Noor Hasyierah Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Nurhadijah Zainalabidin
    ;
    Siti Noor Hajjar Md Latip
    Pomacea canaliculata is a type of freshwater snail that has become a major pest in paddy fields, as it feeds on young paddy leaves and stems, thus, posing a serious threat to paddy production. It was named one of the world’s top 100 worst invasive species, with serious consequences for the environment, human health, and the social economy. Their hatchability rate is high, which explains their global distribution worldwide. Therefore, it is vital to manage their hatchability to prevent their population from expanding further by understanding the protection that permits the eggs to survive. P. canaliculata eggs are covered with a thin layer of cuticle that is rich in protein to protect the embryo during the hatching process. The biological treatment with protease enzyme successfully hydrolysed the protein cuticle layer, lowering the percentage of hatchability. Disruption of the protein cuticle may have an impact on conductivity, water loss, hatching time, protein content, and other factors. However, documentation of the protease effect on the protein cuticle is scarce. Therefore, the goal of this study is to evaluate the protease treatment on the protein cuticle of P. canaliculata eggs physically (conductivity, water loss, and morphological analysis) and chemically (cuticle protein content, protein breakdown, and amino acid profile). Physical characterisation revealed that protease-treated eggs have higher conductivity and water loss than the control egg. Images taken with a light microscope (LM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed changes in cuticle structure, which explained the protease-induced cuticle hydrolysis. Chemical characterisation revealed a decrease in cuticle protein content, hydrolysis of protein to a small size, and changes in amino acid composition. The physical and chemical analyses strongly suggested that protease can damage the cuticle protein, thus, preventing the eggs from hatching.
  • Publication
    Thermal pyrolysis of empty fruit bunch (EFB) in a vertical fixed-bed reactor
    (IOP Publishing, 2020)
    Alina Rahayu Mohamed
    ;
    A N Awang
    ;
    Noor Hasyierah Mohd Salleh
    ;
    R Badlishah Ahmad
    In the production of crude palm oil, huge quantities of solid biomass waste is generated such as empty fruit bunch (EFB), palm fronds and palm–pressed fibre (PPF). This inevitably resulted in the environmental pollution due to its natural conversion to methane. In this study, thermal pyrolysis of EFB was conducted using a fixed bed reactor. The factors such as nitrogen gas flowrate and holding time that affect the distribution of pyrolysis product yields were being investigated by evaluating the percentage product yields. It was determined that at nitrogen gas flowrate of 300 cm3/min and 30 mins holding time, the maximum bio-oil yield of 46.20 % was attained with gas and char yield of 21.79 % and 32.01 % respectively. The existence of functional groups in bio-oil was analyzed by Fourier Transfrom Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy. It was identified that the bio-oil has several functional groups such as hydroxyl (OH), ketone/aldehyde (C=O) and ester (O-C=O) groups. The dynamic viscoscity of bio-oil was analyzed by Brookfield viscometer. It showed that the viscosity of bio-oil decreased with increasing temperature from 25-50 °C.
  • Publication
    Optimization of microwave sol–gel synthesis of N-Ce-AC/TiO₂ for adsorption/photodegradation of tetracycline
    (Elsevier, 2023)
    Nur Athirah Awatif Abdul Rahman
    ;
    Azduwin Khasri
    ;
    Sabah Ansar
    ;
    Noor Hasyierah Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Mohd Ridzuan Mohd Jamir
    ;
    Raj Boopathy
    ;
    Achmad Syafiuddin
    Nitrogen (N) and cerium (Ce) co-doped titanium dioxide (TiO₂) supported activated carbon (AC) (N-Ce-AC/TiO₂) were synthesized to remove antibiotic tetracycline from aqueous solution via adsorption and photodegradation. The sol–gel technique, aided by microwave radiation, was used to synthesize N-Ce-AC/TiO₂. Central composite design under response surface methodology was used to optimize the variables comprising urea (N source) (A: 0.02–0.20 g), cerium(III) nitrate hexahydrate (Ce source) (B: 0.02–0.20 g), activated carbon (C: 0.10–0.50 g), and microwave power (D: 600–800 W), where the degradation of tetracycline was the response. Characterization of the produced catalyst was carried out by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method for determining surface-texture parameters. N-Ce-AC/TiO₂ prepared with 0.50 g activated carbon, doped with 0.02 g urea and 0.20 g cerium, and activated at microwave power 600 W for 15 min exhibited 91.08% tetracycline removal when subjected to 7 W of UV irradiation, according to the results of optimal variable preparation.
  • Publication
    Protein extraction of Momordica Charantia seed assisted by ultrasound extraction
    (Springer, 2023)
    Muhamad Ikmal Sirozi
    ;
    Noor Hasyierah Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Mohd Amin Zainal Abidin
    ;
    Norhidayah Abd Aziz
    ;
    Siti Aminah Mohd Hassan
    ;
    Zarina Zakaria
    The Momordica charantia is a tropical and subtropical plant with high nutritional value that has been implemented in traditional folk medicine as an antifungal, antimutagenic, Anthelmintic, anticancer, antifertility, and antidiabetic agent. The seeds contain rich source of antifungal protein that can be explored to be used against various fungus disease. In this study, the antifungal protein was extracted by using ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) via one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) technique with following the parameter sodium chloride, NaCl concentration (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 M), solute ratio (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 g/mL) and extraction time (4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 min). After extraction, the extract was further centrifuged and assayed by standard Bradford method before analysing the protein content at 595 nm. The result shows the optimum conditions for protein content is 6.445 mg/mL achieved after treatment with 1.5 M NaCl, 1w;10v (g/mL) in 10 min with p-value < 0.01 from each of parameter. Results showed that Momordica charantia seed had desired protein source with optimal parameter and promising antifungal bioresources with prospective applications in food and other industries.
  • Publication
    Optimization of an ultrasound-assisted extraction method for phenolic content in Momordica Charantia seeds and its antifungal activity against Pleurotus Ostreatus Green Mold Pathogen
    (Springer, 2023-09)
    Norhidayah Abd Aziz
    ;
    Noor Hasyierah Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Nur Umi Masjida Ahmad Fauzi
    ;
    Azlina Harun Kamaruddin
    ;
    Muhamad Ikmal Sirozi
    ;
    Zarina Zakaria
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    ;
    Amira Farzana Samat
    Phenolic compounds from fruits and plant parts showed several biological properties such as antifungal activity. This study reports the optimized conditions for total phenolic content (TPC) extraction from Momordica charantia seeds using ultrasound-assisted extraction and its antifungal activity against Pleurotus pulmonarius green mold (GM) pathogens. Using water as solvent, a response surface methodology (RSM) was employed involving three independent factors including liquid to solid ratio (LSR) (10:1–60:1), pH (3.0–9.0), and extraction time (2–8 min). ANOVA suggested only parameters of pH and LSR were significant to produce TPC yield of 166.7 mg GAE/g, at optimized conditions of pH9.0 and LSR 10:1. The antifungal activity of optimized momordica seed extract (MSE) was tested against P. pulmonarius GM pathogens; Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium citrinum. MSE presented antifungal activities against all tested strains, in a dose and strain-dependent manner. The highest growth inhibition was achieved when using 2.5 ml of extract for both Trichoderma sp. and P. citrinum with 63.1% and 89.2% inhibition, respectively. Meanwhile, 3.5 ml of extract was needed to achieve 79% inhibition on A. flavus. Conclusively, the use of non-toxic green solvent such as water, assisted with ultrasound power, is useful to produce MSE with antifungal activities as an alternative approach to chemical fungicides for the protection of grey oyster mushroom from GM pathogen.
  • Publication
    Applicability of protease and urea as a molluscicide for Pomacea canaliculata (Siput Gondang Emas)
    ( 2015)
    Noor Hasyierah Mohd Salleh
    Pomacea canaliculata is regarded as one of the most destructive molluscs as it causes severe damage to paddy fields. This mollusc is commonly combated by using chemical molluscicide like metaldehyde, which is known as toxic chemicals, therefore causes negative impact to the farmers and the environment. Hence, there is a great demand for a user and environmental-friendly molluscicide to reduce P. canaliculata population. The present study investigates the applicability of protease and urea as an alternative molluscicide for combating both flesh and eggs of P. canaliculata. Studies on the effect of each agent on snail eggs cover chemical and physical analyses; namely unhatchability, cuticle protein profile, water loss, conductivity, gas exchange and morphological changes. For snail flesh, it covers biological, chemical and physical studies, namely, mortality, respiration, food intake, responsiveness, movement, protein, ammonia and peroxidase level of the flesh. The studies were extended by producing cell free extract protease (CFE protease) using locally available raw material like cassava, and subsequently applied as a biomolluscicide. Likewise, studies regarding urea were also extended by using coated urea with rice husk ash and starch before subsequently applied to the paddy demonstration plot. For the flesh of P. canaliculata studies, it was found that the mortality were 31% and 90% after exposure to 3.9U/mL CFE protease and 0.02M urea respectively for 20hrs. It was also observed that the respiration rate increased proportionally with the increase of urea concentration. Additionally, the exposure to CFE protease and urea also reduced the snail appetite, responsiveness and movement as compared to the control snail. Extension of the work using coated urea for paddy plot studies saved 93% of paddy from snail attack. As for the P. canaliculata eggs studies, 71%, 52% and 35% hatchability have been suppressed after treating to 0.75U/mL commercial protease, 0.19U/mL CFE protease and 0.02M urea respectively. Besides that, the rate of conductivity, water loss and respiration increased proportionally with the increase of either commercial protease activity or urea concentration. The findings from these studies show the applicability of protease and urea as a molluscicide for both the flesh and eggs of P. canaliculata.
      3  20
  • Publication
    Soil Macrofauna abundance in the intercropping of Mangifera Indica with aromatic plants
    ( 2023-12)
    Iqbal Usamah
    ;
    Lee Yit Leng
    ;
    Noor Hasyierah Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Norawanis Abdul Razak
    ;
    Zarina Zakaria
    ;
    Ras Izzati Ismail
    ;
    Nur Lailina Makhtar
    Soil macrofauna such as earthworms, beetles, ants, and centipedes are an important aspect of soil health as they help in the breakdown of plant residue to provide natural resources such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous into the soil. Monocropping practice uses heavy machinery, pesticides, and herbicides to maintain farm productivity, which negatively impacts soil macrofauna abundance. Thus, intercropping is a sustainable practice for farmers to maintain soil health with the minimal use of external input, which can do more harm to the soil ecosystem over a long period of time. The objective of the study is to evaluate the effect of intercropping mango with pandan and lemongrass on soil macrofauna density compared to mango monocrop. The field experiment consisted of mango, mango-pandan intercrops, and mango-lemongrass intercrops. Soil macrofauna was assessed using the tropical soil biology and fertility (TSBF) monolith method. The result showed that intercropping of mango-lemongrass and mango-pandan had higher soil macrofauna density compared with mango monocrop due to the presence of intercrops providing more natural resources and a better soil environment for soil macrofauna to grow and reproduce. However, further long-term research is needed to reinforce these findings.
      10  12
  • Publication
    Torrefaction of Leucaena Leucocephala in a fixed-bed reactor
    (IOP Publishing, 2020)
    A N Awang
    ;
    Alina Rahayu Mohamed
    ;
    Noor Hasyierah Mohd Salleh
    Raw biomass contained low energy and high moisture content which contributed to its limitation as energy source. However, the biomass properties can be improved via torrefaction method. Torrefaction is a biomass pretreatment method that is performed between 200-300 C using slow heating rate in an inert condition. In this study, Leucaena Leucocephala (Leucaena) was torrefied in a fixed-bed reactor at 20 C/min from 200-300 C at holding times of 20 min. The changes in the elemental and chemical properties of Leucaena were studied using a few methods of analysis such as proximate, elemental analysis and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer. When the torrefaction temperature was increased from 200 to 300 C, the oxygen to carbon (O/C) and hydrogen to carbon (H/C) ratio of torrefied Leucaena reduced significantly. From FTIR, the broad peak at wavenumber of approximately 3400 cm-1 due to the presence of OH group reduced in its intensity upon increasing torrefaction temperature from 200 to 300 C which indicated that the degree of hydrophobicity of torrefied Leucaena had improved.
      2  29