Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
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Preferred name
Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
Official Name
Abdulah, Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri
Alternative Name
Abdullah, M.M.A.
M.M.A. Abdullah
Mustafa Al Bakri, A. M.
Albakri Abdullah, M. M.
Main Affiliation
CeGeoGTech UniMAP
Scopus Author ID
53164519100

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  • Publication
    Use of calcium carbonate nanoparticles in production of nano-engineered foamed concrete
    ( 2023)
    Md Azree Othuman Mydin
    ;
    P. Jagadesh
    ;
    Alireza Bahrami
    ;
    Anmar Dulaimi
    ;
    Yasin Onuralp Özkılıç
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya
  • Publication
    Design of experiment on concrete mechanical properties prediction: A critical review
    ( 2021)
    Beng Wei Chong
    ;
    Rokiah Othman
    ;
    Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya
    ;
    Mohd Rosli Mohd Hasan
    ;
    Andrei Victor Sandu
    ;
    Marcin Nabiałek
    ;
    Bartłomiej Jeż
    ;
    Paweł Pietrusiewicz
    ;
    Dariusz Kwiatkowski
    ;
    Przemysław Postawa
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    Concrete mix design and the determination of concrete performance are not merely engineering studies, but also mathematical and statistical endeavors. The study of concrete mechanical properties involves a myriad of factors, including, but not limited to, the amount of each constituent material and its proportion, the type and dosage of chemical additives, and the inclusion of different waste materials. The number of factors and combinations make it difficult, or outright impossible, to formulate an expression of concrete performance through sheer experimentation. Hence, design of experiment has become a part of studies, involving concrete with material addition or replacement. This paper reviewed common design of experimental methods, implemented by past studies, which looked into the analysis of concrete performance. Several analysis methods were employed to optimize data collection and data analysis, such as analysis of variance (ANOVA), regression, Taguchi method, Response Surface Methodology, and Artificial Neural Network. It can be concluded that the use of statistical analysis is helpful for concrete material research, and all the reviewed designs of experimental methods are helpful in simplifying the work and saving time, while providing accurate prediction of concrete mechanical performance.
  • Publication
    Improving flexural and dielectric properties of carbon fiber epoxy composite laminates reinforced with carbon nanotubes interlayer using electrospray deposition
    ( 2020)
    Muhammad Razlan Zakaria
    ;
    Hazizan Md Akil
    ;
    Mohd Firdaus Omar
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Aslina Anjang Ab Rahman
    ;
    Muhammad Bisyrul Hafi Othman
    The electrospray deposition method was used to deposit carbon nanotubes (CNT) onto the surfaces of woven carbon fiber (CF) to produce woven hybrid carbon fiber–carbon nanotubes (CF–CNT). Extreme high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (XHR-FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to analyze the woven hybrid CF–CNT. The results demonstrated that CNT was successfully and homogenously distributed on the woven CF surface. Woven hybrid CF–CNT epoxy composite laminates were then prepared and compared with woven CF epoxy composite laminates in terms of their flexural and dielectric properties. The results indicated that the flexural strength, flexural modulus and dielectric constant of the woven hybrid CF–CNT epoxy composite laminates were improved up to 19, 27 and 25%, respectively, compared with the woven CF epoxy composite laminates.
  • Publication
    Enhancement of tensile properties of glass fibre epoxy laminated composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes interlayer using electrospray deposition
    ( 2021)
    Muhammad Razlan Zakaria
    ;
    Mohd Firdaus Omar
    ;
    Hazizan Md Akil
    ;
    Muhammad Bisyrul Hafi Othman
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    The introduction of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) onto glass fibre (GF) to create a hierarchical structure of epoxy laminated composites has attracted considerable interest due to their merits in improving performance and multifunctionality. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was used to analyze the woven hybrid GF-CNT. The results demonstrated that CNT was successfully deposited on the woven GF surface. Woven hybrid GF-CNT epoxy laminated composites were then prepared and compared with woven GF epoxy laminated composites in terms of their tensile properties. The results indicated that the tensile strength and tensile modulus of the woven hybrid GF-CNT epoxy laminated composites were improved by up to 9% and 8%, respectively compared to the woven hybrid GF epoxy laminated composites.
  • Publication
    Determination of municipal solid waste composition, generation rate and its recyclable potential in Penang, Malaysia—a statistical approach
    (Springer, 2023-07)
    Yuganantheni K. Marippan
    ;
    Mohamad Anuar Kamaruddin
    ;
    Rasyidah Alrozi
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    The municipal solid waste (MSW) generation rate in Malaysia is increasing annually due to population growth, industrialization, advancement in technology, economic growth, and lifestyle. Landfilling is the main method of solid waste management, while recycling is still underrated in Malaysia. Penang state has initiated a “Waste Segregation at Source” (WSAS) campaign in 2016 to reduce MSW disposal in Pulau Burung landfill to cultivate recycling habits among Penangites. However, there are no studies being conducted to measure the effectiveness of this campaign. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the WSAS campaign before (2011 until 2015) and after (2016 until 2020) implementation. The objectives of the study are to evaluate MSW generation, the recyclable potential based on the composition, and its relationship in Penang by using statistical analysis and the SWOT-AHP model from 2011 until 2020. Secondary data were obtained from Penang Island City Council (MBPP), Seberang Perai City Council (MBSP), and journals. SPSS was used to carry out the statistical analysis by using ANOVA one way, correlation, and regression. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model was conducted through three series of questionnaire to obtain expert opinion and mathematical calculation to determine the degree of SWOT on MSW generation and recycling in Penang. The outcome of this study showed that both the MSW generation and the recycling potential increased in the state for the past 10 years. Besides, the effectiveness of WSAS showed positive results in terms of recycling rates before (2011–2015) and after (2016–2020) the campaign was implemented.
  • Publication
    Status and challenges of determining sustainable technology of landfill leachate treatment on Municipal Solid Waste (MSW): an update
    (Springer, 2023)
    Lim Jia Mei
    ;
    Mohamad Anuar Kamaruddin
    ;
    Rasyidah Alrozi
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    Municipal solid waste (MSW) generation is highly correlated with population growth and remains in increasing trend each year. Landfilling method is prevalent in developing country especially in Malaysia for MSW final disposal due to economical aspect and involved a simpler operational mechanism. However, leachate containing high strength of wastewater characteristic was produced when water percolates through solid waste during bio-decomposition processes. Sustainable and holistic approach for leachate treatment had sparked huge concern continuously. Particularly, advanced technologies and implementation on existing treatment techniques had received significant interest for environmental sustainability. Innovation on the physicochemical and biological treatment methods was reviewed in present study to enhance treatment ability and alleviate on the environmental impact associated with approach employed. Natural-based coagulant and adsorbent were received increasing interest as a sustainable treatment approach. The capability of physicochemical treatment in improving the leachate biodegradability plays an important role for a substantial performance in biological treatment subsequently. Therefore, various implementation methods for both physicochemical and biological treatment were summarized in the present study. The review is of utmost important in revealing the effective technologies applied to safeguard our environment as well as meeting government stringent regulation. A more sustainable, new technologies and cost-effective treatment methods are, therefore, the mutual goals of landfill manager in dire to achieve.
  • Publication
    Sustainable geopolymer adsorbents utilizing silica fume as a partial replacement for metakaolin in the removal of copper ion from synthesized copper solution
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2025-07)
    Pilomeena Arokiasamy
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Eva Arifi
    ;
    Noorina Hidayu Jamil
    ;
    Md Azree Othuman Mydin
    ;
    Andrei Victor Sandu
    ;
    Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim
    ;
    Shafiq Ishak
    Biochar has great significance for controlling heavy metal pollution. Nevertheless, its application is impeded by certain shortcomings, such as a limited adsorption capacity, a slow adsorption rate, and poor reusability. Besides, the physical adsorption capacity of raw biochar to heavy metals is suboptimal. As a result, researchers prefer to use geopolymer-based adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals due to their excellent immobilization effect. However, no research has been done on the synthesis of geopolymer-based adsorbent using silica fume for heavy metal adsorption. Thus, the aim of this study is to partially replace metakaolin (MK) with silica fume (S1) (25, 50, 75 and 100 %) in geopolymer formulation at varied S:L ratio (0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) to study the impact on the geopolymerization and its following properties in the removal efficiency of copper (Cu2 +). Characterization techniques such as Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to study the physicochemical properties of the developed geopolymer. The concentration of Cu2+ before and after adsorption was determined by Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and the removal efficiency was calculated. Based on the experimental result, the geopolymer prepared with 25 % MK and 75 % S1 at S:L of 0.6 maintained the high removal efficiency of Cu2+ (99.62 %) with 100 % MK geopolymer (98.56 %). The generation of N-A-S-H gel with the 75 % replacement level of S1 producing more reactive Si and Al binding sites for Cu2+ adsorption. In addition, S1 contains exchangeable cations such as Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+ which further promote the adsorption of Cu2+ by ion exchange. Moreover, the mechanisms such as chemical bonding and precipitation were involved in the adsorption of Cu2+. Hence, this research could serve as a basis for the development of solid waste based geopolymers that could remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solution.
  • Publication
    Foamed concrete durability properties reinforced with agave cantala-based fibre
    (Polish Academy of Sciences, 2025)
    M. A. O. Mydin
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    S. S. Majeed
    ;
    R. Omar
    ;
    Wan Mastura Wan Ibrahim
    ;
    S. Ishak
    The construction industry across the world recognizes the need for green, lightweight, and self-compacting materials that are also ecologically benign. Considering this requirement, a recent discovery has indicated that a novel form of concrete, known as foamed concrete (FC), has the potential to reduce structural self-weight. Natural fibres are an excellent option to be added in FC for durability properties improvement and are viewed as a great way to contribute to sustainability. The purpose of this study is to examine the possible utilization of agave cantala-based fibre (AF) in the fabrication of foamed concrete (FC) with the objective of enhancing their durability properties. Low densities FC are prone to serious durability performance degradation hence in this experiment FC of low density of 650 kg/m3 was fabricated and evaluated. Varying weight fractions of AF between 0% to 5% were considered as an additive in FC. The durability parameters that were evaluated included apparent porosity, shrinkage, water absorption and UPV. The experimental findings indicate that incorporating a weight fraction of 3% of AF in FC resulted in the optimal durability characteristics across all the durability measures examined in this study. The inclusion of AF in the combination resulted in a significant decrease in the permeability porosity and water absorption of FC. The presence of FC-AF composites with 4% fibre led to the highest drying shrinkage and UPV value and it performed better than the remaining mixtures.
  • Publication
    The influence of Sodium Hydroxide concentration on physical properties and strength development of high calcium fly ash based geopolymer as pavement base materials
    (IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020)
    Liyana Ahmad Sofri
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Mohd Rosli Mohd Hasan
    ;
    Yue Yuan H.
    This paper deals with the development of high calcium fly ash based geopolymers. Geopolymer paste was prepared from fly ash alkaline activator solutions using various mix design including molarity of sodium hydroxide used (6-14M) with solid-to-liquid ratio (1.0-3.0) and the sample were curing at ambient temperature. In this paper, flow value, setting time and unconfined compressive strength of high calcium fly ash based geopolymer paste was carried out using flow table equipment, Vicat’s apparatus and compression testing machine to measure the properties caused by high calcium fly ash. It was found that solid to liquid ratio of 2.0 and NaOH molarity of 12M was the best mix design to be applied due to its maximum unconfined compressive strength achieved (up to 19MPa at 28 days) as well as its flow ability of the fresh paste which shown better result compared to other mix designs. High calcium was also found to result in higher strength.
      18  1
  • Publication
    Interaction of geopolymer filler and alkali molarity concentration towards the fire properties of glass-reinforced epoxy composites fabricated using filament winding technique
    ( 2022)
    Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim
    ;
    Meor Ahmad Faris bin Meor Ahmad Tajudin
    ;
    Md Azree Othuman Mydin
    ;
    Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
    ;
    Yusrina Mat Daud
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Farah Farhana Zainal
    ;
    Muhammad Faheem Saloma
    ;
    Heah Cheng Mohd Tahir
    ;
    Morteza Yong
    This paper aims to find out the effect of different weight percentages of geopolymer filler in glass-reinforced epoxy pipe, and which can achieve the best mechanical properties and adhesion between high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer matrices. Different weight percentages and molarities of epoxy hardener resin and high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer were injected into the glass fiber. By manually winding filaments, composite samples were produced, and they were then allowed to cure at room temperature. To determine how well the geopolymer matrices adhere to the fiber reinforcement, the microstructure of the composites’ surfaces and perpendicular sections were examined. Maximum values of compressive strength and compressive modulus were 94.64 MPa and 2373.58 MPa, respectively, for the sample with a weight percentage of filler loading of 30 wt% for an alkali concentration of 12 M. This is a relatively wide range of geopolymer weight percentage of filler loading from 10 wt% to 40 wt%, at which we can obtain high compressive properties. By referring to microstructural analysis, adhesion, and interaction of the geopolymer matrix to glass fiber, it shows that the filler is well-dispersed and embedded at the fiber glass, and it was difficult to determine the differences within the range of optimal geopolymer filler content. By determining the optimum weight percent of 30 wt% of geopolymer filler and microstructural analysis, the maximum parameter has been achieved via analysis of high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer filler. Fire or elevated temperature represents one of the extreme ambient conditions that any structure may be exposed to during its service life. The heat resistance or thermal analysis between glass-reinforced epoxy (GRE) pipe and glass-reinforced epoxy pipe filled with high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer filler was studied by investigating burning tests on the samples, which shows that the addition of high calcium pozzolanic-based geopolymer filler results in a significant reduction of the melted epoxy.
      6  27