Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
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Preferred name
Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
Official Name
Abdulah, Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri
Alternative Name
Abdullah, M.M.A.
M.M.A. Abdullah
Mustafa Al Bakri, A. M.
Albakri Abdullah, M. M.
Main Affiliation
CeGeoGTech UniMAP
Scopus Author ID
53164519100

Research Output
Now showing 1 - 10 of 23
  • Publication
    Design of experiment on concrete mechanical properties prediction: A critical review
    ( 2021)
    Beng Wei Chong
    ;
    Rokiah Othman
    ;
    Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya
    ;
    Mohd Rosli Mohd Hasan
    ;
    Andrei Victor Sandu
    ;
    Marcin Nabiałek
    ;
    Bartłomiej Jeż
    ;
    Paweł Pietrusiewicz
    ;
    Dariusz Kwiatkowski
    ;
    Przemysław Postawa
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    Concrete mix design and the determination of concrete performance are not merely engineering studies, but also mathematical and statistical endeavors. The study of concrete mechanical properties involves a myriad of factors, including, but not limited to, the amount of each constituent material and its proportion, the type and dosage of chemical additives, and the inclusion of different waste materials. The number of factors and combinations make it difficult, or outright impossible, to formulate an expression of concrete performance through sheer experimentation. Hence, design of experiment has become a part of studies, involving concrete with material addition or replacement. This paper reviewed common design of experimental methods, implemented by past studies, which looked into the analysis of concrete performance. Several analysis methods were employed to optimize data collection and data analysis, such as analysis of variance (ANOVA), regression, Taguchi method, Response Surface Methodology, and Artificial Neural Network. It can be concluded that the use of statistical analysis is helpful for concrete material research, and all the reviewed designs of experimental methods are helpful in simplifying the work and saving time, while providing accurate prediction of concrete mechanical performance.
  • Publication
    The impact of microwave treatment on the chemical properties of sewerage sludge
    ( 2022)
    Doh Shu Ing
    ;
    Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya
    ;
    Chia Min Ho
    ;
    Siew Choo Chin
    ;
    Marcin Nabiałek
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Sebastian Garus
    ;
    Agata Śliwa
    Due to urbanization, the population in the major cities in Malaysia is approximately 72.8% of its total population. The increase of population density has directly increased the amount of sewerage sludge waste that poses threat to the environment. In line with the green initiatives, alternative method to develop good quality concrete material from sewerage sludge waste can be further explored. Traditionally, sewerage sludge waste is processed using incinerator that require high energy and it is time consuming. In this study, microwave heating which require less energy consumption and less time consuming is used for sewerage sludge preparation. Prior to heating process, sewerage sludge waste is over dried at 105◦C for 24 hours. Three types of microwave heating namely medium heating, medium high heating and high heating has been used. The chemical and physical properties microwaved sewerage sludge ash (MSSA) was tested using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Based on the result, the recommended temperature for the MSSA production for the concrete is High Mode Temperature. This is due to the result of MSSA for X-Ray Fluorescent test as its shows the highest in the content for pozzolanic element which are SiO2
  • Publication
    Assessment of the suitability of ceramic waste in geopolymer composites: an appraisal
    ( 2021)
    Ismail Luhar
    ;
    Salmabanu Luhar
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Marcin Nabiałek
    ;
    Andrei Victor Sandu
    ;
    Janusz Szmidla
    ;
    Anna Jurczyńska
    ;
    Rafiza Abdul Razak
    ;
    Ikmal Hakem A Aziz
    ;
    Noorina Hidayu Jamil
    ;
    Laila Mardiah Deraman
    Currently, novel inorganic alumino-silicate materials, known as geopolymer composites, have emerged swiftly as an ecobenevolent alternative to contemporary ordinary Portland cement (OPC) building materials since they display superior physical and chemical attributes with a diverse range of possible potential applications. The said innovative geopolymer technology necessitates less energy and low carbon footprints as compared to OPC-based materials because of the incorporation of wastes and/or industrial byproducts as binders replacing OPC. The key constituents of ceramic are silica and alumina and, hence, have the potential to be employed as an aggregate to manufacture ceramic geopolymer concrete. The present manuscript presents a review of the performance of geopolymer composites incorporated with ceramic waste, concerning workability, strength, durability, and elevated resistance evaluation.
  • Publication
    Improvements of flexural properties and thermal performance in thin geopolymer based on fly ash and ladle furnace slag using borax decahydrates
    ( 2022)
    Ng Yong-Sing
    ;
    Liew Yun Ming
    ;
    Heah Cheng Yong
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Phakkhananan Pakawanit
    ;
    Petrica Vizureanu
    ;
    Mohd Suhaimi Khalid
    ;
    Ng Hui-Teng
    ;
    Hang Yong-Jie
    ;
    Marcin Nabiałek
    ;
    Paweł Pietrusiewicz
    ;
    Sebastian Garus
    ;
    Wojciech Sochacki
    ;
    Agata Śliwa
    This paper elucidates the influence of borax decahydrate addition on the flexural and thermal properties of 10 mm thin fly ash/ladle furnace slag (FAS) geopolymers. The borax decahydrate (2, 4, 6, and 8 wt.%) was incorporated to produce FAB geopolymers. Heat treatment was applied with temperature ranges of 300 °C, 600 °C, 900 °C, 1000 °C and 1100 °C. Unexposed FAB geopolymers experienced a drop in strength due to a looser matrix with higher porosity. However, borax decahydrate inclusion significantly enhanced the flexural performance of thin geopolymers after heating. FAB2 and FAB8 geopolymers reported higher flexural strength of 26.5 MPa and 47.8 MPa, respectively, at 1000 °C as compared to FAS geopolymers (24.1 MPa at 1100 °C). The molten B2O3 provided an adhesive medium to assemble the aluminosilicates, improving the interparticle connectivity which led to a drastic strength increment. Moreover, the borax addition reduced the glass transition temperature, forming more refractory crystalline phases at lower temperatures. This induced a significant strength increment in FAB geopolymers with a factor of 3.6 for FAB8 at 900 °C, and 4.0 factor for FAB2 at 1000 °C, respectively. Comparatively, FAS geopolymers only achieved 3.1 factor in strength increment at 1100 °C. This proved that borax decahydrate could be utilized in the high strength development of thin geopolymers.
      3  21
  • Publication
    The influence of MMA esterification on interfacial adhesion and mechanical properties of hybrid kenaf bast/glass fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester composites
    ( 2021)
    Rozyanty Rahman
    ;
    Syed Zhafer Firdaus Syed Putra
    ;
    Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim
    ;
    Irwana Nainggolan
    ;
    Bartłomiej Jeż
    ;
    Marcin Nabiałek
    ;
    Luqman Musa
    ;
    Andrei Victor Sandu
    ;
    Petrica Vizureanu
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Dariusz Kwiatkowski
    ;
    Izabela Wnuk
    The demand for natural fiber hybrid composites for various applications has increased, which is leading to more research being conducted on natural fiber hybrid composites due to their promising mechanical properties. However, the incompatibility of natural fiber with polymer matrix limits the performance of the natural fiber hybrid composite. In this research work, the mechanical properties and fiber-to-matrix interfacial adhesion were investigated. The efficiency of methyl methacrylate (MMA)-esterification treatments on composites’ final product performance was determined. The composite was prepared using the hand lay-up method with varying kenaf bast fiber (KBF) contents of 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 (weight%) and hybridized with glass fiber (GF) at 5 and 10 (weight%). Unsaturated polyester (UPE) resin and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) were used as binders and catalysts, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to examine the effects of MMA-esterification treatment on tensile strength and morphology (tensile fracture and characterization of MMA-esterification treatment) of the composite fabricated. The tensile strength of MMA-treated reinforced UPE and hybrid composites are higher than that of untreated composites. As for MMA treatment, 90 min of treatment showed the highest weight percent gain (WPG) and tensile strength of KBF-reinforced UPE composites. It can be concluded that the esterification of MMA on the KBF can lead to better mechanical properties and adhesion between the KFB and the UPE matrix. This research provides a clear reference for developing hybrid natural fibers, thus contributing to the current field of knowledge related to GF composites, specifically in transportation diligences due to their properties of being lightweight, superior, and involving low production cost.
      11  15
  • Publication
    Evaluation on the mechanical properties of Ground Granulated Blast Slag (GGBS) and fly ash stabilized soil via geopolymer process
    ( 2021)
    Syafiadi Rizki Abdila
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Romisuhani Ahmad
    ;
    Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim
    ;
    Małgorzata Rychta
    ;
    Izabela Wnuk
    ;
    Marcin Nabiałek
    ;
    Krzysztof Muskalski
    ;
    Muhammad Faheem Mohd. Tahir
    ;
    Muhammad Syafwandi
    ;
    Marek Isradi
    This study intended to address the problem of damaged (collapsed, cracked and decreased soil strength) road pavement structure built on clay soil due to clay soil properties such as low shear strength, high soil compressibility, low soil permeability, low soil strength, and high soil plasticity. Previous research reported that ground granulated blast slag (GGBS) and fly ash can be used for clay soil stabilizations, but the results of past research indicate that the road pavement construction standards remained unfulfilled, especially in terms of clay’s subgrade soil. Due to this reason, this study is carried out to further investigate soil stabilization using GGBS and fly ash-based geopolymer processes. This study investigates the effects of GGBS and ratios of fly ash (solid) to alkaline activator (liquid) of 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1, 2.5:1, and 3:1, cured for 1 and 7 days. The molarity of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and the ratio of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) to sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was fixed at 10 molar and 2.0 weight ratio. The mechanical properties of the soil stabilization based geopolymer process were tested using an unconfined compression test, while the characterization of soil stabilization was investigated using the plastic limit test, liquid limit test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that the highest strength obtained was 3.15 MPA with a GGBS to alkaline activator ratio of 1.5 and Na2SiO3 to NaOH ratio of 2.0 at 7 days curing time. These findings are useful in enhancing knowledge in the field of soil stabilization-based geopolymer, especially for applications in pavement construction. In addition, it can be used as a reference for academicians, civil engineers, and geotechnical engineers.
      8  24
  • Publication
    Compressive strength and durability of foamed concrete incorporating processed spent bleaching earth
    ( 2022)
    Rokiah Othman
    ;
    Khairunisa Muthusamy
    ;
    Mohd Arif Sulaiman
    ;
    Youventharan Duraisamy
    ;
    Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya
    ;
    Chong Beng Wei
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Sajjad Ali Mangi
    ;
    Marcin Nabiałek
    ;
    Agata Śliwa
    Foamed concrete incorporating processed spent bleaching earth (PSBE) produces environmentally friendly foamed concrete. Compressive strength, porosity, and rapid chloride penetration tests were performed to investigate the potential application for building material due to its low density and porous concrete. Laboratory results show that 30% PSBE as cement replacement in foamed concrete produced higher compressive strength. Meanwhile, the porosity of the specimen produced by 30% PSBE was 45% lower than control foamed concrete. The porosity of foamed concrete incorporating PSBE decreases due to the fineness of PSBE that reduces the volume of void space between cement and fine aggregate. It was effectively blocking the pore and enhances the durability. Consistently, the0001-9459-3895 628 R. OTHMAN et al. positive effect of incorporating of PSBE has decreased the rapid chloride ion permeability compared to that control foamed concrete. According to ASTM C1202-19 the foamed concrete containing 30% PSBE was considered low moderate permeability based on its charge coulombs value of less than 4000. Besides, the high chloride ion permeability in foamed concrete is because the current quickly passes through the specimen due to its larger air volume. In conclusion, incorporating PSBE in foamed concrete generates an excellent pozzolanic effect, producing more calcium silicate hydrate and denser foamed concrete, making it greater, fewer voids, and higher resistance to chloride penetration.
      29  2
  • Publication
    Hybrid mold: comparative study of rapid and hard tooling for injection molding application using Metal Epoxy Composite (MEC)
    ( 2021)
    Radhwan Hussin
    ;
    Safian Sharif
    ;
    Marcin Nabiałek
    ;
    Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim
    ;
    Mohd Tanwyn Mohd Khushairi
    ;
    Mohd Azlan Suhaimi
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Mohd. Hazwan Mohd. Hanid
    ;
    Jerzy J. Wysłocki
    ;
    Katarzyna Błoch
    The mold-making industry is currently facing several challenges, including new competitors in the market as well as the increasing demand for a low volume of precision moldings. The purpose of this research is to appraise a new formulation of Metal Epoxy Composite (MEC) materials as a mold insert. The fabrication of mold inserts using MEC provided commercial opportunities and an alternative rapid tooling method for injection molding application. It is hypothesized that the addition of filler particles such as brass and copper powders would be able to further increase mold performance such as compression strength and thermal properties, which are essential in the production of plastic parts for the new product development. This study involved four phases, which are epoxy matrix design, material properties characterization, mold design, and finally the fabrication of the mold insert. Epoxy resins filled with brass (EB) and copper (EC) powders were mixed separately into 10 wt% until 30 wt% of the mass composition ratio. Control factors such as degassing time, curing temperature, and mixing time to increase physical and mechanical properties were optimized using the Response Surface Method (RSM). The study provided optimum parameters for mixing epoxy resin with fillers, where the degassing time was found to be the critical factor with 35.91%, followed by curing temperature with 3.53% and mixing time with 2.08%. The mold inserts were fabricated for EB and EC at 30 wt% based on the optimization outcome from RSM and statistical ANOVA results. It was also revealed that the EC mold insert offers better cycle time compared to EB mold insert material.
      2  9
  • Publication
    Contribution of interfacial bonding towards geopolymers properties in geopolymers reinforced fibers: a review
    ( 2022)
    Muhd Hafizuddin Yazid
    ;
    Meor Ahmad Faris bin Meor Ahmad Tajudin
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    ;
    Marcin Nabiałek
    ;
    Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim
    ;
    Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh
    ;
    Marwan Kheimi
    ;
    Andrei Victor Sandu
    ;
    Adam Rylski
    ;
    Bartłomiej Jeż
    There is a burgeoning interest in the development of geopolymers as sustainable construction materials and incombustible inorganic polymers. However, geopolymers show quasi-brittle behavior. To overcome this weakness, hundreds of researchers have focused on the development, characterization, and implementation of geopolymer-reinforced fibers for a wide range of applications for light geopolymers concrete. This paper discusses the rapidly developing geopolymer-reinforced fibers, focusing on material and geometrical properties, numerical simulation, and the effect of fibers on the geopolymers. In the section on the effect of fibers on the geopolymers, a comparison between single and hybrid fibers will show the compressive strength and toughness of each type of fiber. It is proposed that interfacial bonding between matrix and fibers is important to obtain better results, and interfacial bonding between matrix and fiber depends on the type of material surface contact area, such as being hydrophobic or hydrophilic, as well as the softness or roughness of the surface.
      22  2
  • Publication
    Nonisothermal kinetic degradation of Hybrid CNT/Alumina Epoxy Nanocomposites
    ( 2021)
    Muhammad Helmi Abdul Kudus
    ;
    Muhammad Razlan Zakaria
    ;
    Mohd Firdaus Omar
    ;
    Muhammad Bisyrul Hafi Othman
    ;
    Hazizan Md. Akil
    ;
    Marcin Nabiałek
    ;
    Bartłomiej Jeż
    ;
    Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
    Due to the synergistic effect that occurs between CNTs and alumina, CNT/alumina hybrid-filled epoxy nanocomposites show significant enhancements in tensile properties, flexural properties, and thermal conductivity. This study is an extension of previously reported investigations into CNT/alumina epoxy nanocomposites. A series of epoxy composites with different CNT/alumina loadings were investigated with regard to their thermal-degradation kinetics and lifetime prediction. The thermal-degradation parameters were acquired via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in a nitrogen atmosphere. The degradation activation energy was determined using the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (F-W-O) method for the chosen apparent activation energy. The Ea showed significant differences at α > 0.6, which indicate the role played by the CNT/alumina hybrid filler loading in the degradation behavior. From the calculations, the lifetime prediction at 5% mass loss decreased with an increase in the temperature service of nitrogen. The increase in the CNT/alumina hybrid loading revealed its contribution towards thermal degradation and stability. On average, a higher Ea was attributed to greater loadings of the CNT/alumina hybrid in the composites.
      2  16