Muhammad Zaid Aihsan
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Muhammad Zaid Aihsan
Official Name
Muhammad Zaid, Aihsan
Alternative Name
Aihsan, M. Z.
Aihsan, Muhammad Zaid
Aikhsan, M. Z.
Aihsan, M. Z.
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
56479160600
Researcher ID
AAB-4469-2021

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  • Publication
    IR 4.0: Smart Farming Monitoring System
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Nasir M.F.
    ;
    Mohd Aminudin Jamlos
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani
    ;
    Muhammad Zaid Aihsan
    ;
    Habelalmateen M.I.
    ;
    Ramadan G.M.
    The Internet of Things is the current and future of every field that effects everyone's life by making everything smart. The development of Smart Farming Monitoring with the use of the Internet of Things, changes conventional farming methods by not only making them optimal but also effective for farmers and reducing crop wastage. Therefore, Smart Farm Monitoring of IR 4.0 Implementation is designed to provide a system for monitoring environmental factors in farming in real time. This product will help farmers by creating an easy-to-use user view so users can view data. By implementing various types of sensors and applications such as Raspberry Pi 4B as its main controller, Temperature & Humidity sensor (DHT22), Capacitive Soil Moisture sensor, MQ135 sensor, Light Intensity sensor, ThingSpeak and ThingView, farmers will can monitor parameters and this data will be sent to the database for real-time display and storage purposes. The project is expected to create a smart environment conducive to agriculture and reduce labour costs and water wastage and increase productivity and efficiency. The system is achieved, as the intelligent monitoring of agriculture allows real-time monitoring with less time.
  • Publication
    Wind turbine constant voltage controller using modified SHEPWM technique
    ( 2016)
    Muhammad Zaid Aihsan
    The major challenges in designing the controller for wind turbine are fluctuations of the wind speed and the harmonic contents of the output voltage. The fluctuations of the wind turbine speed results in inconsistency of voltage supplied to the inverter which will affect the harmonic of the output voltage. Therefore, this research is dedicated to design a controller consists of a DC/DC boost converter and a DC/AC inverter integrated with the wind turbine system. The controller plays two important roles. Firstly, the controller has to control the consistency of the output voltage of the DC/DC boost converter irrespective of the inconsistency of the input voltage supplied using PI controller. Second, the controller has to generate the firing angles that giving out lesser harmonic to the single phase DC/AC inverter using the Selective Harmonic Elimination Pulse Width Modulation (SHEPWM) switching strategy. The overall system has been designed successfully using MATLAB Simulink software and implemented using real hardware. The results from both simulation and hardware are collected, analysed and compared. For boost converter, the output voltage is in constant 50V even though the input voltage supplied to the boost converter is varies and it is suitable to charge the battery system. For inverter, the hardware is tested with a resistive load and an inductive load to study the performance of the controller when dealing with different types of load. From the results obtained from simulation and hardware, it can be concluded that the designed controller circuit is working well even though the input voltage supplied to the boost converter varies and the output voltage of inverter is very low in total harmonic distortion (THD) nearly 3.6% for THD voltage and 2.1% for THD current.
  • Publication
    Multiple Partial Discharge Signal Classification Using Artificial Neural Network Technique in XLPE Power Cable
    ( 2023-02-01)
    Halim M.I.A.
    ;
    Razaly N.Z.M.
    ;
    Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani
    ;
    Norfadilah Rosle
    ;
    Auni W.N.
    ;
    Afifah Shuhada Rosmi
    ;
    Muhammad Zaid Aihsan
    ;
    Mohd Aminudin Jamlos
    ;
    Mas’ud A.A.
    According to partial discharge (PD) damage in the electrodes that are not entirely bridging, the presence of PD in the high voltage (HV) power cable might lead to insulation failure. PD defects can damage cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables directly, which is one of the most critical electrical issues in the industry. Poor workmanship during cable jointing, aging, or exposure to the surrounding environment is the most common cause of PD in HV cable systems. As a result, the location of the PD signals that occur cannot be classified without identifying the multiple PD signals present in the cable system. In this study, the artificial neural network (ANN) based feedforward back propagation classification technique is used as a diagnostic tool thru MATLAB software in which the PD signal was approached to determine the accuracy of the location PD signal. In addition, statistical feature extraction was added to compare the accuracy of classification with the standard method. The three-point technique is also an approach used to locate PD signals in a single line 11 kV XLPE underground power cable. The results show that the statistical feature extraction had been successful classify the PD signal location with the accuracy of 80% compared to without statistical feature extraction. The distance between PD signals and the PD source affected the result of the three-point technique which proved that a lower error means a near distance between them.
  • Publication
    Selective Harmonic Elimination Pulse Width Modulation for Three-Phase Nine-Level Inverter Using Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm
    ( 2023-10-06)
    Bimazlim M.A.S.
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Muhammad Zaid Aihsan
    ;
    Rosnazri Ali
    ;
    Talib M.H.N.
    ;
    Muhammad Azhar Walter M.S.
    ;
    Siti Khodijah Mazalan
    ;
    Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani
    For many years, multilevel inverter (MLI) is a system well-known for converting DC voltage to AC voltage which is suitable for energy resources conversion for industrial power sources. With the help of Selective Harmonic Elimination Pulse Width Modulation (SHEPWM) switching technique, the output power from the MLI system is better efficiency with low Total Harmonics Distortion (THD). The SHEPWM switching technique is used to eliminate the lower order of the harmonics and reduces the Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) of the MLI system. Along with the optimization algorithms to solve difficult non-linear equations involving with SHEPWM, applying SHEPWM into MLI system helps to further improve the output power efficiency. Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is one of the algorithms developed which capable of solving the non-linear equation and obtained suitable results for MLI. Additionally, many types of improvement done on WOA, called as Improved Whale Optimization Algorithms (IWOA) also developed to obtain better results compared with WOA. Developed in a MATLAB environment, a proposed IWOA is applied to solve the equation and compared with WOA. The results show that the proposed IWOA capable of achieving higher probability with fast convergence speed reaching global optimal compared to WOA. With the proposed approach, the IWOA efficiently computed required switching angles, to eliminate the selective lower-order harmonics for different modulation indices (Ma). In this paper, the proposed IWOA is performed on a three-phase nine-level cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter (CHBMLI) for a wide range of modulation indexes between 0.1 until 1. The results show the eliminations of 5th, 7th, and 11th harmonics from the output of the three-phase nine-level MLI system thus reducing THD from the system up to 5.82%.
  • Publication
    A Review on BLDC Motor Application in Electric Vehicle (EV) using Battery, Supercapacitor and Hybrid Energy Storage System: Efficiency and Future Prospects
    ( 2023-04-01)
    Aziz M.A.A.
    ;
    Mohd Saifizi Saidon
    ;
    Fahmi M.I.
    ;
    Othman S.M.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Mohd Rizal Manan
    ;
    Muhammad Zaid Aihsan
    The automotive industry has rapidly introduced pollution-free vehicles such as Electric Vehicle (EV). The development and improvement of the EV to replace the conventional vehicle become crucial to obtain the customer satisfaction and high technology achievements. The main systems in EV that are improvise to be switch from the conventional engine with a fuel source to an electric type drive system, include the electric motor and the energy/power storage called battery. There are several types of electric motors that suitable for EV and the best solution was Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motor in terms of power, speed, torque and low maintenance. Meanwhile, the fuel source replacement is the electrical energy/power storage such as batteries. The aims were to study the best Energy Storage System (ESS) in EV which leads to introducing Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), but the drawbacks of the system give the opportunity improvement, in replacement using Supercapacitor Energy storage System (SESS) and Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS). SESS is a reliable source, but the stand-alone Supercapacitor also has a minimum operation time. With several adjustments in the energy management control strategy, the discharge rate of energy from a supercapacitor can be minimized to prolong its operation.
  • Publication
    Medium sized industrial motor solutions to mitigate the issue of high inrush starting current
    ( 2021-05-03)
    Azizan N.S.
    ;
    Azizan M.M.
    ;
    Muhammad Izuan Fahmi Romli
    ;
    Muhammad Zaid Aihsan
    ;
    Muzammil Jusoh
    ;
    Nashrul Fazli Mohd Nasir
    ;
    Mohd Zakimi Zakaria
    Starting of a medium or large induction motors generate such a large current during direct-on-line (DOL) starting process to the point that it can drop the voltage of power supply. The induction motor can be broken, its characteristics can be changed, and performances of the motor can be worsened. A significant higher starting current than the rated current can generate mechanical and thermal stress on the motor and the loads. High-voltage fluctuations, dips and sags can arise in electrical power systems associated with the motor. To overcome this problem, various starters were designed. There are several types of starters in which can be divided into conventional starters and power electronic drives. Conventional starters are such as direct-online, star-delta and autotransformer whereas the example for power electronics are matrix converter, frequency inverter and soft starter. In this paper, the design of autotransformer and soft starter are focused in order to compare inrush current during the start-up three phase medium sized industrial induction motor by using MATLAB/Simulink software. Both starters were targeted to resolve the problems inherent in the dynamic operation of induction motors, which included current and torque surges during the motor start up. The autotransformer gives the choice to consumer in selecting different tap values, in which is the advantage to consumer to vary their starting current and starting torque according to its application. On the other hand, the three-phase soft starter employs two anti-parallel connected switches in each phase. Thyristors act as the switches due to their higher power rating and high efficiency. Then, both methods will be compared to prove the best performance in mitigate high inrush current. The best of the two is likely to be the answer for mitigating the issue of high inrush starting current for a medium size motor at industries.
  • Publication
    Characterization of Photovoltaic Module Under Random Partial Shading Conditions
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Rahman N.A.
    ;
    Mohammad Faridun Naim Tajuddin
    ;
    Nurhakimah Mohd Mukhtar
    ;
    Muhammad Zaid Aihsan
    Photovoltaic (PV) systems have been gaining the pace in energy market for the past decade. Reducing capital costs and government incentives are among other factors that drive the PV forward. PV massively depends on the sunlight that falls onto its surface to generate electricity. However, partial shading events are a common nemesis to the PV systems. It happened when some part of the PV panel's surface did not receive the maximum light energy. It can be caused by passing clouds, nearby trees or poles, leaves, bird dropping, etc. The harvested power drops during this event, hence the overall system's efficiency is also affected. This paper investigates the characteristic of the single panel system during various partial shading conditions. The identification of the maximum power point (MPP) location and the intensity of the event to occur at the region on the P-V plane is given priority in this study. All in all, this study aims to provide useful information for considerations in the process of designing the converters.
  • Publication
    Selective harmonic elimination pulse width modulation for five-phase cascaded multilevel inverter using non-notch and notch switching technique
    ( 2020-01-01)
    Walter M.S.M.A.
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Muhammad Zaid Aihsan
    ;
    Siti Khodijah Mazalan
    ;
    Bimazlim M.A.S.
    ;
    Muzamir Isa
    ;
    Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani
    ;
    Sengodan T.
    As in this era, the conversion of DC power to AC power is a necessity in the power system in order to make useful of renewable energy. The most commonly used switching mechanism is known as inverter or multilevel inverter. However, this switching may cause harmonics. Harmonics usually occur in a power system due to distortion, which can cause a lot of unwanted problems. It could appear either in voltage or in current waveforms. Minimization of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is necessary in order to maintain a good power system. This paper introduces selective harmonic elimination pulse width modulation for five-phase cascaded multilevel inverter. The proposed switching technique for five-phase cascaded multilevel inverter used in this research is non-notch and notch switching technique. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm was used as an optimization technique to find switching angles for non-notch and notch switching techniques. In addition, the simulation of a seven-level five-phase cascaded multilevel inverter for both switching operations is carried out in the PSIM environment. The results show that the non-notch switching was able to eliminate lower order harmonics up to the 7th harmonic. In addition, the notch switching technique managed to eliminate lower order harmonics up to the 21st harmonic for 3/3/3 switching distribution.
  • Publication
    Maximum efficiency scheme using superimposed and Taguchi method wireless charging for mobile phone
    ( 2020-01-07)
    Hanif M.H.M.
    ;
    Muhammad Izuan Fahmi Romli
    ;
    Wai C.L.
    ;
    Muhammad Zaid Aihsan
    ;
    Aminudin A.
    ;
    Zhe L.W.
    ;
    Mohamad Zhafran Zakariya
    The magnetic resonance inductive coupling energy transfer from transmitter to receiver is designed in this project through magnetic inductive coupling. The transmitter sends energy through induction to the electrical devices from the transmitter to the receiver and then stores the energy in the batteries. Because the transmitter coil has a gap with the receiver coil. This wireless charging using two methods to show the output, first using the Taguchi Method and second using Superimposed Technique. The Result shows that output voltage must high than the input voltage and the same at secondary coil because using the same number of turns. The output voltage at the voltage regulator shows the output must in 5 Volts to charging the mobile phone with high efficiency.
  • Publication
    Develop portable blood analyzer based on temperature and quantity level
    (IOP Publishing, 2020)
    Muhammad Amar Farhan Sukemi
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Muhammad Zaid Aihsan
    ;
    Zol Bahri Razali
    ;
    Syed Akhmal Syed Jamalil
    ;
    Syahrul Affandi Saidi
    This technical paper presents a developing portable blood analyzer for monitoring of human blood sample. Perseverance of blood sample in hospitals is important in order to obtain a great quality of blood and therefore it able to determining the human type of disease. This is a life-threatening early step in most medical applications fields such as diagnosis, treatment and medical research. The proposed system consists of three main parts. In the first part, the use of convenient and handy device to deal with the problem of incorrect temperature value and inadequate quantity of blood sample. Most of previous human hospitality services show a fail to handle and properly in time to take human blood sample for diagnosis in a schedule time frame such as not punctual in taking blood sample from a patient in three different times in one day. The consequences is that these blood sample are not in perfect quality for a correct estimation of the human disease towards a pathology unit. The proposed method is a device that uses infrared temperature system and non-contact blood sample quantity detection. In the second part is by combining those two approaches to single programmable electronic modules that are used to minimize the size of the portable device in the resulting techniques to improve the functionality. The third part is accomplished by using a modern technique to produce an interface to provide the value of human blood sample and shows it on display for monitoring purposes. The programmable coding has been test in several different types of sensors and physical part. The experimental results show that this method able to integrate both requirement of human blood sample perseverance with a contactless method towards a blood tube, providing the output value of quality characteristic in a display and making it well-suited for a convenient practical application system. The experimental results in real time applications shows the effectiveness, reliable and efficiency in the proposed approach which able to almost accurately detect and monitor the human blood sample with the ability to detect different types of people gender and blood type. The proposed coding system can be executed at more precise time scheduling which is better than real life human monitoring system.