Ruslizam Daud
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Ruslizam Daud
Official Name
Ruslizam, Daud
Alternative Name
Daud, Ruslizam
Daud, R.
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Scopus Author ID
24479667400
Researcher ID
F-5221-2010

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  • Publication
    Finite element prediction on the chassis design of UniART4 racing car
    ( 2017-09-26)
    Zaman Z
    ;
    Khairul Salleh Basaruddin
    ;
    Mohd Hafif Basha Mohamad Jamel Basha
    ;
    Md Taufiqur Rahman Sarkar
    ;
    Ruslizam Daud
    This paper presents the analysis and evaluation of the chassis design for University Automotive Racing Team No. 4 (UniART4) car based on finite element analysis. The existing UniART4 car chassis was measured and modelled geometrically using Solidwork before analysed in FEA software (ANSYS). Four types of static structural analysis were used to predict the chassis design capability under four different loading conditions; vertical bending, lateral bending, lateral torsion and horizontal lozenging. The results showed the chassis subjected to the highest stress and strain under horizontal lozenging, whereas the minimum stress and strain response was obtained under lateral bending. The present analysis result could provide valuable information in predicting the sustainability of the current UniART car chassis design.
  • Publication
    Finite element modelling of Plantar Fascia response during running on different surface types
    (IOP Publishing, 2017-10-29)
    Razak A.H.A.
    ;
    Khairul Salleh Basaruddin
    ;
    Ahmad Faizal Salleh
    ;
    Rusli W.M.R.
    ;
    Mohd Sani Mohamad Hashim
    ;
    Ruslizam Daud
    Plantar fascia is a ligament found in human foot structure located beneath the skin of human foot that functioning to stabilize longitudinal arch of human foot during standing and normal gait. To perform direct experiment on plantar fascia seems very difficult since the structure located underneath the soft tissue. The aim of this study is to develop a finite element (FE) model of foot with plantar fascia and investigate the effect of the surface hardness on biomechanical response of plantar fascia during running. The plantar fascia model was developed using Solidworks 2015 according to the bone structure of foot model that was obtained from Turbosquid database. Boundary conditions were set out based on the data obtained from experiment of ground reaction force response during running on different surface hardness. The finite element analysis was performed using Ansys 14. The results found that the peak of stress and strain distribution were occur on the insertion of plantar fascia to bone especially on calcaneal area. Plantar fascia became stiffer with increment of Young's modulus value and was able to resist more loads. Strain of plantar fascia was decreased when Young's modulus increased with the same amount of loading.
      4  11
  • Publication
    Experimental and finite element analysis on ratchetting behaviour of glass fibre reinforced epoxy composites under cyclic loading
    ( 2017-02-01)
    Khairul Salleh Basaruddin
    ;
    Ruslizam Daud
    ;
    Mohd Shukry Abdul Majid
    ;
    Mohd Afendi Rojan
    ;
    Ishak Ibrahim
    This study aims to examine the uniaxial and biaxial ratchetting responses of glass fibre reinforced epoxy (GRE) composite by experiment and finite element (FE) analysis. The uniaxial ratchetting of GRE composite laminate was tested under cyclic axial stress with a constant mean stress of 40 MPa and an amplitude stress between 26.67 MPa and 53.33 MPa. The biaxial ratchetting test was also performed on 50 mm diameter of GRE composite straight pipe. The GRE pipe was subjected to a constant internal pressure of 1.875 MPa and 1% of cyclic axial strain. The FE models were simulated using Abaqus in similar loading cases. The uniaxial ratchetting strain was found to increase with the number of cycles, but the ratchetting strain rate was decreased. The specimen showed no further ratchetting and exhibited shakedown after some strain accumulation. On the basis of the experiment and simulation in the biaxial test, it appears that ratchetting would occur in the hoop direction for a GRE pipe with no ratchetting observed in the axial direction. The results showed that the FE analysis over-predicts the ratchetting rate for uniaxial ratchetting test as compared to the experimental values, but under-predicts in the biaxial ratchetting test at initial cycles.
      1  27
  • Publication
    Energy release rate analysis on the interface cracks of enamel-cement-bracket fracture using virtual crack closure technique
    ( 2017-10-29)
    Syafiq Farhan Samshuri
    ;
    Ruslizam Daud
    ;
    Mohd Afendi Rojan
    ;
    Fauziah Che Mat
    ;
    Khairul Salleh Basaruddin
    ;
    Rozita Hassan
    This paper presents the energy method to evaluate fracture behavior of enamel-cement-bracket system based on cement thickness. Finite element (FE) model of enamel-cement-bracket was constructed by using ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). Three different thickness were used in this study, 0.05, 0.2, and 0.271 mm which assigned as thin, medium and thick for both enamel-cement and cement bracket interface cracks. Virtual crack closure technique (VCCT) was implemented as a simulation method to calculated energy release rate (ERR). Simulation results were obtained for each thickness are discussed by using Griffith's energy balance approach. ERR for thin thickness are found to be the lowest compared to medium and thick. Peak value of ERR also showed a significant different between medium and thick thickness. Therefore, weakest bonding occurred at low cement thickness because less load required to produce enough energy to detach the bracket. For medium and thick thickness, both increased rapidly in energy value at about the mid-point of the enamel-cement interface. This behavior occurred because of the increasing in mechanical and surface energy when the cracks are increasing. However, result for thick thickness are higher at mid-point compared to thin thickness. In conclusion, fracture behavior of enamel cracking process for medium most likely the safest to avoid enamel fracture and withstand bracket debonding.
      1  33
  • Publication
    Stability Analysis of Plate—Screw Fixation for Femoral Midshaft Fractures
    ( 2023-09-01)
    Basirom I.
    ;
    Ruslizam Daud
    ;
    Ijaz M.F.
    ;
    Mohd Afendi Rojan
    ;
    Khairul Salleh Basaruddin
    An understanding of the biomechanical characteristics and configuration of flexible and locked plating in order to provide balance stability and flexibility of implant fixation will help to construct and promote fast bone healing. The relationship between applied loading and implantation configuration for best bone healing is still under debate. This study aims to investigate the relationship between implant strength, working length, and interfragmentary strain (εIFM) on implant stability for femoral midshaft transverse fractures. The transverse fracture was fixed with a fragment locking compression plate (LCP) system. Finite element analysis was performed and subsequently characterised based on compression loading (600 N up to 900 N) and screw designs (conventional and locking) with different penetration depths (unicortical and bicortical). Strain theory was used to evaluate the stability of the model. The correlation of screw configuration with screw type shows a unicortical depth for both types (p < 0.01) for 700 N and 800 N loads and (p < 0.05) for configurations 134 and 124. Interfragmentary strain affected only the 600 N load (p < 0.01) for the bicortical conventional type (group BC), and the screw configurations that were influenced were 1234 and 123 (p < 0.05). The low steepness of the slope indicates the least εIFM for the corresponding biomechanical characteristic in good-quality stability. A strain value of ≤2% promotes callus formation and is classified as absolute stability, which is the minimum required value for the induction of callus and the maximum value that allows bony bridging. The outcomes have provided the correlation of screw configuration in femoral midshaft transverse fracture implantation which is important to promote essential primary stability.
      2
  • Publication
    The Effect of Surface Inclination to Knee Joint Contact Force: A Pilot Study
    ( 2021-01-01)
    Noor Arifah Azwani Abdul Yamin
    ;
    Khairul Salleh Basaruddin
    ;
    Ahmad Faizal Salleh
    ;
    Ruslizam Daud
    ;
    Mohd Hanafi Mat Som
    Compressive loading at knee during walking on slope can caused the initiation and progression of osteoarthritis due to cartilage degeneration impacted which may require long periods of medical treatment and costly. The purpose of this pilot study is to analyzed the effect of surface inclination to joint contact force at knee in frontal, sagittal and transverse plane during walking. The differences in joint contact forces obtained were analyzed using Freebody 2.0 software. The findings of this pilot study indicate that, both flat and inclined walking have almost similar trends of joint contact force at knee for each direction compared to decline walking. However, each walking condition show different magnitude of tibiofemoral joint contact force. In conclusion, the result of this pilot study could not be taken as a whole. Advancement on surface angle and number of subjects is as well as research in other joint of lower limb is recommended for future work to further understand and prevent any common injury risk during walking on inclined surface.
      12  28
  • Publication
    Finite element modelling of a synthetic paediatric spine for biomechanical investigation
    (MDPI, 2023)
    Nor Amalina Muhayudin
    ;
    Muhammad Farzik Ijaz
    ;
    Khairul Salleh Basaruddin
    ;
    Ruslizam Daud
    Studies on paediatric spines commonly use human adult or immature porcine spines as specimens, because it is difficult to obtain actual paediatric specimens. There are quite obvious differences, such as geometry, size, bone morphology, and orientation of facet joint for these specimens, compared to paediatric spine. Hence, development of synthetic models that can behave similarly to actual paediatric spines, particularly in term of range of motion (ROM), could provide a significant contribution for paediatric spine research. This study aims to develop a synthetic paediatric spine using finite element modelling and evaluate the reliability of the model by comparing it with the experimental data under certain load conditions. The ROM of the paediatric spine was measured using a validated FE model at ±0.5 Nm moment in order to determine the moment required by the synthetic spine to achieve the same ROM. The results showed that the synthetic spine required two moments, ±2 Nm for lateral-bending and axial rotation, and ±3 Nm for flexion-extension, to obtain the paediatric ROM. The synthetic spine was shown to be stiffer in flexion-extension but more flexible in lateral bending than the paediatric FE model, possibly as a result of the intervertebral disc’s simplified shape and the disc’s weak bonding with the vertebrae. Nevertheless, the synthetic paediatric spine has promising potential in the future as an alternative paediatric spine model for biomechanical investigation of paediatric cases.
      14  1
  • Publication
    Convergence study of global meshing on enamel-cement-bracket finite element model
    ( 2017-09-26)
    Syafiq Farhan Samshuri
    ;
    Ruslizam Daud
    ;
    Mohd Afendi Rojan
    ;
    Khairul Salleh Basaruddin
    ;
    Abdullah A.B.
    ;
    Ahmad Kamal Ariffin
    This paper presents on meshing convergence analysis of finite element (FE) model to simulate enamel-cement-bracket fracture. Three different materials used in this study involving interface fracture are concerned. Complex behavior ofinterface fracture due to stress concentration is the reason to have a well-constructed meshing strategy. In FE analysis, meshing size is a critical factor that influenced the accuracy and computational time of analysis. The convergence study meshing scheme involving critical area (CA) and non-critical area (NCA) to ensure an optimum meshing sizes are acquired for this FE model. For NCA meshing, the area of interest are at the back of enamel, bracket ligature groove and bracket wing. For CA meshing, area of interest are enamel area close to cement layer, the cement layer and bracket base. The value of constant NCA meshing tested are meshing size 1 and 0.4. The value constant CA meshing tested are 0.4 and 0.1. Manipulative variables are randomly selected and must abide the rule of NCA must be higher than CA. This study employed first principle stresses due to brittle failure nature of the materials used. Best meshing size are selected according to convergence error analysis. Results show that, constant CA are more stable compare to constant NCA meshing. Then, 0.05 constant CA meshing are tested to test the accuracy of smaller meshing. However, unpromising result obtained as the errors are increasing. Thus, constant CA 0.1 with NCA mesh of 0.15 until 0.3 are the most stable meshing as the error in this region are lowest. Convergence test was conducted on three selected coarse, medium and fine meshes at the range of NCA mesh of 0.15 until 3 and CA mesh area stay constant at 0.1. The result shows that, at coarse mesh 0.3, the error are 0.0003% compare to 3% acceptable error. Hence, the global meshing are converge as the meshing size at CA 0.1 and NCA 0.15 for this model.
      1  24