Publications 2021
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PublicationAutomotive Mechanical Vehicle Starter( 2021-12-01)This research is used to crank start automotive vehicle. There are many different system used in order to start-up vehicles using electric starter, in the time of battery low-power or totally drained. The purpose of this research is to help the driver to get out of this difficulty. Nowadays there are many people that have experienced such a bad moment, where they are stranded at road side due to malfunction starter in their car because of battery problem. Most of the vehicle electric starter failure is because of battery corrosion or battery undercharged. The importance of this research is to solve this problem. Starter is a vital part of the vehicle, without it no automotive vehicles able to operate. These starters will rotate an internal-combustion engine to initiate the engine's operation under its own power. Starters also can be malfunction too due to corroded electrical connections or an undercharged battery. This system can be used to solve this problem. This system used human energy by using mechanical parts in order to produce electrical power. In order to produce electrical current, workforce will be applied by rotating the wheel that already linked by belt and from that rotations will trigger a magnetic force and it will produce an electrical current and supply it into battery. This system is divided into two development; hardware development and software development. The hardware development involved, mechanical device which is used and electrical device such as monitor. For software development, Fritzing is used to construct circuit.
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PublicationRenewable Energy Driven Exhaust Fan for Use in Laboratory via IOT( 2021-01-01)This paper discussed on the hardware product of renewable energy driven exhaust fan for use in laboratory via IOT. Ventilation is generally deployed in buildings for maintaining user's safety and health. This renewable energy driven exhaust fan is the most considered system in improving the energy saving while sustaining user's safety and health. If we can renew and reuse the energy we waste, it would help in some way to the problem of scarcity of energy, which is major threat of present world. Initial capital cost of solar systems is still quite high when it comes to generate power for domestic. By using the concept of wind turbines wind-generated electricity can be used for battery charging and for connection with the power grid. Hence this research proposes a prototype of Renewable Energy Driven Exhaust Fan for use in laboratory via IOT. This research presents a prototype of regenerating power by an exhaust fan. The generated power can be either used directly or can be stored in a battery. This exhaust fan also can be controlled and monitored via IOT. The objectives of this research are, to design and develop an exhaust fan that can be driven by renewable energy, to design and develop an exhaust fan that can be controlled by IoT and to collect data and analyze the power consumptions and power saving. Methods used in this research is to use power from battery to operate the Fan 1. Than this kinetic energy produced by Fan 1 is used to drive Fan 2 and Fan 3 which are now actually a pair of generators with the help of charging circuit to directly recharge the battery which at first used to power up Fan 1. Analysis is then carried out to evaluate the theory, which actually agreed to the initial theory as presented
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PublicationAnalysis and evaluation of optimized lower limb prosthetic device( 2021-10-25)Transtibial prosthetic devices or below-knee prosthetic devices are used as assistive devices in replacing the part of the leg below the knee joint in case of amputation. The different builds in amputees require the need for the accessibility to custom-made lucrative prosthetic devices in order to reintegrate the amputees into society. The goal of this study is to design a personalized transtibial prosthetic device that closely mimics the human gait by the use of topology optimization. Additive manufacturing is used to reduce the fabrication time of a traditional transtibial prosthetic device. The creation of the transtibial prosthetic device model is through computer-aided drawing (CAD) and afterwards simulated using ANSYS for the comparison and contrasting of the optimized design. The materials used in the design of the transtibial prosthetic device are polypropylene and titanium alloy. Simulation works reveal that there is a 12.8% reduction in the minimum equivalent (von-Mises) stress and a 51.29% reduction in the minimum equivalent elastic strain of the benchmark socket, and titanium alloy is the superior material in the fabrication of prosthetic foot as it greatly reduced the total deformation, equivalent (von-Mises) stress and equivalent elastic strain of the SACH foot as compared to polypropylene in the initial contact, midstance and the push-off phases of the gait cycle. Topology optimization of both the socket and foot models reduced the stiffness and density of material volume up to 60%. Voronoi pattern developed on the socket and foot models mirrors the reduction done on material volume by topology optimization.
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PublicationSingle-walled carbon nanotube-gold urchin nanohybrid for identifying gastric cancer on dimicroelectrodes junction( 2021-04-01)Diagnosing gastric cancer with a high accuracy helps in identifying at early stage and for a better treatment. A transcription factor, SRY-box containing gene-17 (SOX-17) shows a crucial role in the gastric cancer progression is desired as biomarker on a high-performance sensing platform, dimicroelectrodes Junction (DMEJ), constructed by the hybrid of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCN) and gold urchin (GU) surface to detect the specific SOX-17 target oligonucleotide. SWCN was modified on DMEJ and GU conjugated capture DNA was immobilized on SWCN through the electrostatic interaction of GU by (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane. Morphological analyses by FESEM and FETEM revealed the attachment of GU on SWCN with a uniform fashion. SWCN-GU modified DMEJ has enhanced an ideal electric flow and reflecting the capture DNA attachment. Reached the limit of detection at 1 aM, calculated on a linear curve (atto- to femto-molar) with the regression coefficient of R2 = 0.9909[y = 1.1226x + 1.3727]. Further, specificity of SOX-17 was confirmed by interacting complementary, single- and five-mismatched sequences of the target. In addition, the target DNA solution mixed human serum and control sequences did not interfere with the specific duplex formation, indicating the non-biofouling on DMEJ surface. This SWCN-GU constructed DMEJ surface helps to identify lower expression of SOX-17 and diagnosing gastric cancer progression.
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PublicationProduction and characterization of titanium oxide nanoparticle using extract of macrophytic alga( 2021-04-01)This study described a “green chemistry” synthesis of titanium oxide nanoparticle (TiO2-NP) using environment-friendly reducing agents that were from Elodea canadensis. The obtained TiO2-NP has an intense surface plasmon reverberation band at ~ 250 nm with UV–visible spectroscopic investigation which showed the intactness of TiO2-NPs. The morphological behaviour of TiO2-NPs was watched beneath field-emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, shown that TiO2-NPs have a spherical pattern with a normal estimate of ~ 25 nm in breadth. The occurrence of the critical elements was pinpointed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy study, which displays the predominant titanium and oxide elements. Further support with a defined morphology and size distribution was rendered by atomic force microscopy and 3D high-power microscopy analyses. X-ray powder diffraction and chosen area electron diffraction examinations affirmed that TiO2-NPs are crystal clear in macrocosm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study was uncovered natural composition of the TiO2-NPs, displaying Ti 2p crested at 458.48 eV with C1s crest for the catalyst that was shaped into a C–H constitute at 284.88 eV. The O 1s spectra moreover were displayed with authoritative vitality at 532.28 eV. XRD analysis gave proportion phase as 75%:25% for anatase and rutile. DLS showed polydispersity index esteem of − 1.23, and zeta potential for green synthesized Ti2O-NPs was − 3.87 mV. A broad hydroxyl peak was identified, and prominent peaks were notified at 1631.78 cm−1 and 3454.51 cm−1 by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis.
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