Publications 2020

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14170/3708

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 903
  • Publication
    Targeted DNA complementation on a 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole-functionalized surface for identifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    ( 2020-05-01)
    Xu S.
    ;
    Xue Y.
    ;
    Guo F.
    ;
    Xu M.
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    ;
    Mao X.
    Herein, a rapid and sensitive current–volt measurement was developed for identifying the IS6110 DNA sequence to diagnose Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB). An aminated capture probe was immobilized on a 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole-functionalized interdigitated electrode (IDE) silica substrate, and the target sequence was detected by complementation. It was found that all tested concentrations displayed a higher response in current changes than the control, and the limit of detection was 10 fM. The sensitivity ranged from 1 to 10 fM. The control sequences with single-, triple-mismatch and noncomplementary sequences showed great discrimination. This rapid and easy DNA detection method helps to identify M. tuberculosis for early-stage diagnosis of TB.
      2
  • Publication
    Mycorrhiza: a natural resource assists plant growth under varied soil conditions
    ( 2020-05-01)
    Huey C.J.
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    ;
    Muhammad Nur Aiman Uda
    ;
    Zulhaimi H.I.
    ;
    Jaafar M.N.
    ;
    Kasim F.H.
    ;
    Yaakub A.R.W.
    In this overview, the authors have discussed the potential advantages of the association between mycorrhizae and plants, their mutual accelerated growth under favorable conditions and their role in nutrient supply. In addition, methods for isolating mycorrhizae are described and spore morphologies and their adaptation to various conditions are outlined. Further, the significant participation of controlled greenhouses and other supported physiological environments in propagating mycorrhizae is detailed. The reviewed information supports the lack of host- and niche-specificity by arbuscular mycorrhizae, indicating that these fungi are suitable for use in a wide range of ecological conditions and with propagules for direct reintroduction. Regarding their prospective uses, the extensive growth of endomycorrhizal fungi suggests it is suited for poor-quality and low-fertility soils.
      2  1
  • Publication
    Electroanalysis on an Interdigitated Electrode for High-Affinity Cardiac Troponin i Biomarker Detection by Aptamer-Gold Conjugates
    ( 2020-10-13)
    Zhang J.
    ;
    Lakshmipriya T.
    ;
    Gopinath S.C.B.
    The primary reasons for myocardial infarction (MI) are pericarditis, arrhythmia, and heart failure, causing predominant deaths worldwide. Patients need a potential diagnostic system and treatment before cardiomyocyte damage. Cardiac biomarkers are released from myocytes immediately after a heart attack. Troponin is an efficient biomarker released from dead cells within a few hours. Aptamers are artificial antibodies used effectively in the biosensor field for biomarker detection. Along with aptamers, the application of nanomaterials is also expected to enhance the detection limits of biosensors. In this investigation, selected aptamers against cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were conjugated with gold nanoparticles (GNPs) to diagnose MI and compared with an aptamer-only control group on an interdigitated electrode surface. Based on electroanalysis, cTnI was detected at concentrations as low as 1 fM, and the detection limit improved to 100 aM when the aptamer was conjugated with GNP. In addition, aptamer-GNP conjugates increased the current level at the tested concentrations of cTnI. Control experiments with noncomplementary aptamers and relevant proteins did not result in notable changes in the current, demonstrating the selective detection of cTnI.
      1
  • Publication
    Stable release of enhanced organic solvent tolerant amylase from bacillus amyloliquefaciens amy02 under sub-merged fermentation
    ( 2020-10-01)
    Anbu P.
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    ;
    So J.S.
    ;
    Jayanthi S.
    This study has been performed to isolate a potential strain able to release the prolific amylase under non-aqueous conditions to meet the current demand in industries to substitute the amylase produced in aqueous media. A bacterial strain that produces organic solvent-stable amylase in the media containing 15% benzene was isolated from the soil. The recovered strain was identified to be Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AMY02by 16S rRNA sequencing. Under sub-merged fermentation, the optimized amylase release by this strain was found with the condition having starch (carbon source), pH 7.0, the temperature at 30°C for 48 h (incubation time). This optimized condition promoted the amylase production to be 2.04-fold higher than the culture was kept under standard condition with the basic media composition. Further, the stability of the enzyme in the presence of 20% organic solvents was assessed by incubating for 2 weeks. The enzyme was found to be active and stable in the presence of benzene, chloroform, o-xylene, and toluene. The higher organic solvent stability of this amylase production by B. amyloliquefaciens under sub-merged fermentation can be an alternative catalyst in non-aqueous media for industrial applications.
      2  2
  • Publication
    Self-assembled reduced graphene oxide nanoflakes assisted by post-sonication boosted electrical performance in gold interdigitated microelectrodes
    ( 2020-10-01)
    Taniselass S.
    ;
    Mohd Khairuddin Md Arshad
    ;
    Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
    ;
    Ramli M.M.
    Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is widely utilised to develop various types of biosensors; however, producing self-assembled rGO nanoflake networks through single-droplet drop-casting remains inconsistent. In the present work, we systematically used three different methods to prepare rGO suspensions in order to produce large scale self-assembled rGO nanoflake networks through single-droplet drop-casting. The rGO suspensions were prepared using only deionised water with no added any chemicals/organic solvents, which we considered to be a low-cost method. Subsequently, the most effective preparation method was used to deposit rGO nanoflakes onto commercial gold interdigitated microelectrodes (Au-IDE) to examine their electrical performance. Assessment of the yields, developed methods, surface morphologies, spectroscopy and structural analyses of the as-prepared rGO nanoflakes were conducted. The results revealed that method-3 (involving sonication, centrifugation and post-sonication) produced large self-assembled rGO nanoflake networks with strong adhesion to glass substrates. Furthermore, the as-prepared rGO/Au-IDE modified sensors showed excellent electron mobility where the electrical conductivity was enhanced approximately ~ 1000 fold compared to the bare devices. The present work provided new insights for depositing large self-assembled interconnected rGO nanoflake networks through single-droplet drop-casting which will be beneficial for biosensor development and other downstream applications.
      2