Baharuddin Ismail
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Baharuddin Ismail
Official Name
Baharuddin, Ismail
Alternative Name
Ismail, Baharuddin Bin
Ismail, Baharudidn
Ismailf, B.
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Scopus Author ID
24447820000
Researcher ID
GEW-9377-2022

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Influence of Electrical Tree Characterization Change Based on Tree Inception Voltage in HV Solid Insulation

2023-01-01 , Abdulah C.S.K. , Rosmi A.S. , Isa M.A.M. , Baharuddin Ismail , Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani , Wan Azani Wan Mustafa , Kamarol M. , Yii C.C. , Al-Attabi K. , Almoussawi Z.A.

To improve accuracy of degradation diagnosis for HV solid insulation, it is important to clarify the mechanism of inception and characterization of electrical-tree. In this paper, the study of influence between TIV and electrical tree characterization was done in a laboratory experiment by monitoring the TIV values and electrical tree propagation. This experiment involve using charged couple device camera (CCD) to capture and record the electrical tree thorough the experiment, a microscope to enlarge the needle tip that was inserted into the XLPE sample, and finally a personal computer to display the whole treeing growth process. Then, the voltage was injected into sample of XPLE constantly until the electrical tree start to initiate at the needle tip. As a result, the electrical tree take form based on the TIV, small number of TIV produce a less dense electrical tree compare to higher value of TIV. Additionally, denser electrical tree propagates faster and may lead to early breakdown.

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Temperature analysis of single busbar with variation of total harmonic distortion in current

2025-11 , Mohd Wafiuddin Yahya , Baharuddin Ismail , Afifah Shuhada Rosmi , Muhammad Mokhzaini Azizan , Chanuri Charin , Muhamad Hafiz Ab Aziz , Sharulnizam Mohd Mukhtar , Yazhar Yatim

Typically, busbars are used to transmit and distribute currents in a bus duct system. The alarming use of nonlinear loads in the industrial sector or at residentials, such as arc welding, computers, ballast lighting, variable speed drives, and so on, has resulted in the generation of harmonics in current distortion, which are uncontrolled and thus increase heat generation within the system. The research conducted in this paper focuses on the prediction of the heat distribution as well as the analysis on operating temperature of a single busbar with compliance to the British National and International Standard (BS 159: 2014) using the Finite Element Method (FEM) in COMSOL Multiphysics software. The copper busbar dimension used for this research was 20mm x 6mm x 300mm, and the fundamental Root Mean Square (RMS) current was 419.1 A. The size of this busbars can withstand the maximum current of 430 A at a maximum operating temperature of 90°C, which complies with the standard requirement. The fundamental current is injected with variation of total harmonic distortion in current up to 55% with an interval of 5%. According to the findings, the operating temperature increases in direct proportion to the increase in total harmonic distortion with the current injections. With the presence of 55% of total harmonics in the current, the current was increased up to 57.73 A from the fundamental current, while the operating temperature was increased up to 140C from the fundamental temperature. The total harmonics in current produced by the nonlinear loads could affect the operating temperature of the busbars, and this continuous operation of current flow will affect the busbars' lifespan due to the occurrence of overheating.

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Performance analysis of deterministic particle swarm optimization MPPT for a standalone photovoltaic system

2025-07 , Chanuri Charin , Baharuddin Ismail , Arunprasath Thanabalan , Muhammad Aniq Shahmi Bimazlim , Fatin Nadia Azman Fauzi , Azirah Baharum , Ashraf Mohammad Issa Bani Ahmad

This paper presents a study of Deterministic Particle Swarm Optimization (DPSO) in maximum power point tracking. DPSO is applied to a standalone PV system with a boost converter. This method is implemented primary to solve the problem in conventional techniques such as Perturb and Observe (P&O) and Incremental Conductance (IC) in failure to detect optimum point under certain condition, fixed step-size and high steady-state oscillation. Deterministic method is applied to conventional Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and takes advantage over guiding the behaviour of the particles through experience. The velocity of the particle is predicted and evaluated until the optimum point is achieved. A standalone photovoltaic (PV) system is constructed with MATLAB Simulink and DPSO is deployed and tested by simulation. The effectiveness of DPSO is evaluated under uniform condition at standard test condition (STC), medium and low irradiance. The results show that the DPSO successfully converge at optimum point with low steady-state oscillation, and it has high efficiency.

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Publication

Grid connected microgrid with power offset synchronization using c2000 processor

2020-01-01 , Muhammad Syahril Bahari , Mohd Azrik Roslan , Baharuddin Ismail , Sengodan T.

Droop based technique are common in inverter based microgrid implementation since no communication lines are required. However, the technique gives poor and non-flexible PQ power sharing performances. The proposed microgrid structure implements a microgrid central controller which communicates with the inverters using a low bandwidth communication to provide PQ power references. This paper presents the implementation of the proposed microgrid control, communication and synchronization using c2000 processor in Matlab Simulink.

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Comparative Study of Multiphase 5-Level Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter System

2022-01-01 , Zawawi M.N.M. , Zainuddin Mat Isa , Mohd Hafiz Arshad , Baharuddin Ismail , Talib M.H.N.

In terms of cost and structural design, the cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter (CHBMLI) has a significant advantage over diode clamped and capacitor clamped multilevel inverters. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of a 5-level CHBMLI system for three different phases (single-phase, three-phase, and six-phase system) is studied and compared in this work. As switching angles play a role in lowering THD, the switching angles for a 5-level CHBMLI are evaluated using four specific switching angle methods in the initial section of this paper. In the simulation of single-phase system, these angles are being utilized. The angles with the lowest THD value are chosen for three-phase and six-phase system simulation. Based on the findings, the higher phase of 5-level CHBMLI is more efficient in decreasing harmonics.

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Performance evaluation of Edge-based segmentation methods for electrical tree image analysis in high-voltage experiments

2025-06 , Mohd Annuar Mohd Isa , Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani , Afifah Shuhada Rosmi , Baharuddin Ismail , Mohamad Firdaus Azahari , Mohamad Kamarol Jamil , Noor Syazwani Mansor , Abdullahi A. Mas’ud , Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki

This research evaluates the performance of edge-based segmentation methods in analysing two-dimensional (2D) electrical tree images obtained during high-voltage (HV) electrical tree experiments. Non-uniform illumination in 2D optical images poses challenges in accurately extracting and measuring the original treeing image. Edge segmentation emerges as a promising solution to precisely distinguish tree structures from the insulation background within the image. Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) samples were subjected to HV stress for real-time propagation observation, followed by extraction and segmentation of treeing images using edge-based operators. The findings emphasize the superiority of the Roberts edge operator in accurately detecting electrical trees, showcasing the highest average accuracy of 97.01% and 99.58% specificity, while also demonstrating relatively high sensitivity. Moreover, the Roberts method provide much precisely measures the propagation length and width than conventional measurement method, closely approximating the actual tree measurements. This research emphasizes the significance of accurate segmentation for investigating electrical tree propagation in XLPE materials and provides recommendations for future research, especially in HV XLPE cable manufacturing.

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Impact of nonlinear and unbalanced loads on neutral conductors in three-phase systems: modelling and simulation analysis

2025-06 , Mohd Zulhisham Mohd Radzi , Baharuddin Ismail , Muhammad Mokhzaini Azizan

The rise of nonlinear and unbalanced loads in modern electrical systems poses challenges to power quality management. These loads, prevalent in electronic devices and industrial equipment, induce harmonic distortions and unbalance, adversely affecting the neutral conductor in three-phase systems. This study investigates these effects through modeling and simulation using MATLAB/Simulink and symmetrical components theory for detailed power quality analysis. The research focuses on three scenarios: nonlinear loads, unbalanced loads, and combined nonlinear-unbalanced loads. Simulation results show that nonlinear loads significantly increase harmonic content, while unbalanced loads lead to notable power quality deviations. When combined, these conditions exacerbate harmonic distortions and unbalance, resulting in higher neutral current magnitudes. Key findings highlight the severe impact of combined load conditions on the neutral conductor, emphasizing the need for accurate modeling and analysis. This research provides valuable insights and practical recommendations for addressing the challenges of nonlinear and unbalanced loads, contributing to improved power system design and management.

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Comparative study of optimization algorithms for SHEPWM five-phase multilevel inverter

2020 , Muhammad Aniq Shahmi Bin Bimazlim , Baharuddin Ismail , Muhammad Zaid Aihsan , Siti Khodijah Mazalan , Muhammad Sirajuddin Muhammad Azhar Walter , Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani

Conversion of DC to AC is widely used as an essential need for the power system to harness renewable power source in this era. Multilevel inverter is a mechanism which capable of harnessing these renewable energies. Unfortunately, harmonics occur in the system due to distortions and causing much unwanted problems at the power output. Therefore, the elimination of harmonics and reduce Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) are needed to maintain good power output. Application of Selective Harmonics Elimination Pulse Width Modulation (SHEPWM) can be used in the multilevel inverter to solve the problem. In this paper, optimization algorithms such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) and Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA) were applied for finding suitable switching angle for SHEPWM. The calculated switching angle was applied into seven-level five-phase multilevel inverter for various modulation indexes. In addition, the simulation of the multilevel inverter also done using PSIM software. The results show that the selective lower order harmonics, 3rd and 7th are completely eliminated for all three algorithms. In addition, the time taken for newly discovered algorithms to find switching angles for seven-level five-phase inverter is faster compared to PSO.

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Analysis of array UHF sensor for partial discharge detection in power transformer

2025-08 , Nur Dayini Roslizan , Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani , Afifah Shuhada Rosmi , Baharuddin Ismail , Mohd Aminudin Jamlos , Raimi Dewan

Partial discharges (PD) are small electrical discharges that occur within insulation materials and can lead to equipment failure and safety hazards. The Ultra High Frequency (UHF) sensor consists of a broadband antenna and a UHF receiver, which are designed to detect and analyse the electromagnetic emissions from partial discharges. This paper presents the design and characterization of the 4th order Hilbert fractal UHF sensor for PD detection in power transformer. The sensor is designed to operate in the frequency range of 300 MHz to 3 GHz and is optimized for high gain and directivity. The performance of the sensor is evaluated using simulation and measurement techniques. Simulation results show that the sensor has directivity of 7.9 dBi and reflection coefficient below -10 dB with VSWR ≤ 5.

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Harmonics elimination of reduced switch multilevel inverter using henry gas solubility optimization algorithm

2025-06 , Zainuddin Mat Isa , Baharuddin Ismail , Mohd Hafiz Arshad , Ernie Che Mid

This study introduces a pioneering method to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of three-phase five-level reduced switch cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverters (CHB MLI) by employing the Henry Gas Solubility Optimization (HGSO) algorithm. Targeting the selective harmonic elimination (SHE) technique, the research emphasizes the optimization of switching angles to significantly reduce total harmonic distortion (THD) and align the fundamental output voltage closely with the reference voltage. Central to this exploration are three distinct objective functions (OFs), meticulously designed to assess the HGSO algorithm’s performance across various modulation indices. Simulation results, facilitated by PSIM software, illustrate the impactful role these objective functions play in the optimization process. OF1 demonstrated a superior ability in generating low OF values and maintaining a consistent match between reference and fundamental voltages across the modulation index spectrum. Regarding the reduction of THD, it is crucial to emphasize that all OFs can identify the most effective switching angle to minimize THD and eliminate the fifth harmonic to a level below 0.1%. The findings highlight the potential of HGSO in solving complex optimization challenges within power electronics, offering a novel pathway for advancing modulation strategies in CHB MLIs and contributing to the development of more efficient, reliable, and compact power conversion systems.

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