Baharuddin Ismail
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Baharuddin Ismail
Official Name
Baharuddin, Ismail
Alternative Name
Ismail, Baharuddin Bin
Ismail, Baharudidn
Ismailf, B.
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Scopus Author ID
24447820000
Researcher ID
GEW-9377-2022

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  • Publication
    Review of Edge-based Image Segmentation on Electrical Tree Classification in Cross-linked Polyethylene (XLPE) Insulation
    ( 2021-06-11)
    Mohd Annuar Mohd Isa
    ;
    Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Afifah Shuhada Rosmi
    ;
    Isa M.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Kamarol M.
    ;
    Mansor N.S.
    ;
    Nazar N.S.M.
    Electrical trees are the degradation events most linked with partial discharge (PD) activity in cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation of high voltage (HV) cables. To investigate tree structures and forms, study of electrical tree structures for morphological analysis often carried out using optical microscopy. However, since the noise induced by the occlusion and illumination, as well as by non-uniform intensity either from optical device's setting or the non-standard readout procedure, causes the deterioration of the original microscopy images, resulting in critically loses of information pertaining the tree structures making it difficult to obtained accurate measurement. Image segmentation is one of the potential solutions as it is well-suited for extracting information or certain features from microscopy images. This paper provides review of several segmentation techniques applied on the classification of electrical tree image acquired through lab environment. The works can be separated into three stages. The first step includes the preparation of samples and collection of treeing images by means of real-time microscopy observations. The captured data would then be pre-processed to achieve image binarization. In the next step, image segmentation process is conducted using existing edge-based segmentation methods including Prewitt, Roberts, Canny and Kirsch's templates. Later, comparative analysis will be performed using IQA (image quality assessment) metrics of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, false-positive-rate and the Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) as the final step. Performance-wise indicates that Kirsch's template able to segment most of the treeing pixels with accuracy of 97.63%, 63% sensitivity, 98.18% specificity and 0.46 MCC while showing low pixels misclassification. This result provides better justification for the integration of the edge-based technique in developing image segmentation algorithm well-matched for the electrical tree analysis in the future.
  • Publication
    Influence of Electrical Tree Characterization Change Based on Tree Inception Voltage in HV Solid Insulation
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Abdulah C.S.K.
    ;
    Rosmi A.S.
    ;
    Isa M.A.M.
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Kamarol M.
    ;
    Yii C.C.
    ;
    Al-Attabi K.
    ;
    Almoussawi Z.A.
    To improve accuracy of degradation diagnosis for HV solid insulation, it is important to clarify the mechanism of inception and characterization of electrical-tree. In this paper, the study of influence between TIV and electrical tree characterization was done in a laboratory experiment by monitoring the TIV values and electrical tree propagation. This experiment involve using charged couple device camera (CCD) to capture and record the electrical tree thorough the experiment, a microscope to enlarge the needle tip that was inserted into the XLPE sample, and finally a personal computer to display the whole treeing growth process. Then, the voltage was injected into sample of XPLE constantly until the electrical tree start to initiate at the needle tip. As a result, the electrical tree take form based on the TIV, small number of TIV produce a less dense electrical tree compare to higher value of TIV. Additionally, denser electrical tree propagates faster and may lead to early breakdown.
  • Publication
    Comparative Study of Multiphase 5-Level Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter System
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Zawawi M.N.M.
    ;
    Zainuddin Mat Isa
    ;
    Mohd Hafiz Arshad
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Talib M.H.N.
    In terms of cost and structural design, the cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter (CHBMLI) has a significant advantage over diode clamped and capacitor clamped multilevel inverters. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of a 5-level CHBMLI system for three different phases (single-phase, three-phase, and six-phase system) is studied and compared in this work. As switching angles play a role in lowering THD, the switching angles for a 5-level CHBMLI are evaluated using four specific switching angle methods in the initial section of this paper. In the simulation of single-phase system, these angles are being utilized. The angles with the lowest THD value are chosen for three-phase and six-phase system simulation. Based on the findings, the higher phase of 5-level CHBMLI is more efficient in decreasing harmonics.
  • Publication
    Comparative study of optimization algorithms for SHEPWM five-phase multilevel inverter
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2020)
    Muhammad Aniq Shahmi Bin Bimazlim
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Muhammad Zaid Aihsan
    ;
    Siti Khodijah Mazalan
    ;
    Muhammad Sirajuddin Muhammad Azhar Walter
    ;
    Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani
    Conversion of DC to AC is widely used as an essential need for the power system to harness renewable power source in this era. Multilevel inverter is a mechanism which capable of harnessing these renewable energies. Unfortunately, harmonics occur in the system due to distortions and causing much unwanted problems at the power output. Therefore, the elimination of harmonics and reduce Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) are needed to maintain good power output. Application of Selective Harmonics Elimination Pulse Width Modulation (SHEPWM) can be used in the multilevel inverter to solve the problem. In this paper, optimization algorithms such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) and Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA) were applied for finding suitable switching angle for SHEPWM. The calculated switching angle was applied into seven-level five-phase multilevel inverter for various modulation indexes. In addition, the simulation of the multilevel inverter also done using PSIM software. The results show that the selective lower order harmonics, 3rd and 7th are completely eliminated for all three algorithms. In addition, the time taken for newly discovered algorithms to find switching angles for seven-level five-phase inverter is faster compared to PSO.
  • Publication
    Diagnostics of oil filled cable terminations
    ( 2006)
    Mohd Rafi Adzman
    ;
    Muzamir Isa
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Matti Lehtonen
    ;
    Petri Hyvonen
    Cable termination is one of the important components in the electrical power system. A failure of it can cause a long interruption, costly repair and loss of revenue. An existing oil filled cable termination such as rubber tube and porcelain type of cable termination require an observation and preventive maintenance in order to prevent an enormous electrical system failure in future. One of the defects ot this type of oil filled cable termination is lack of insulation oil inside it. The worst case if it becomes totally empty and at the same time there is no approach taht can help detect it. This paper presents the work carried out to find any possible method that can be used to detect a drying out of oil impregnated paper tape cable terminations. Futhermore, the diagnosis has to be used without destroying the terminations. Two diagnosis methods, infrared (IR) thermography and X-ray imaging are reviewed and the diagnosis result is presented. By comparison of two diagnosis method in this work, the X-ray imaging method is the best approach to observe and detect a drying out of paper tape oil impregnated cable terminations.
      5  36
  • Publication
    Multiple switching pattern for a modified reduce switch multilevel inverter: A comparison analysis
    ( 2020-01-07)
    Mohd Hafiz Arshad
    ;
    Siti Khodijah Mazalan
    ;
    Nor Ashbahani Mohamad Kajaan
    ;
    Norkharziana Mohd Nayan
    ;
    Zainuddin Mat Isa
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Izati Abdullah N.
    A primary concern of multilevel inverter is its capability to produce desired alternating voltage close to sinusoidal at the output, using multiple sources of DC voltage input. Mostly a multilevel inverter is used to generate the AC voltage from DC voltage. The aim of this paper is to investigate the output of 9 level multilevel inverter by modifying the conventional 5 levels H-bridge cascade multilevel inverter. The proposed design intending to reduce the number of switches from 16 switches to 10 switches. Implementation of different switching pattern methods; equal phase (EP), half equal phase (HEP), half height (HH) and feed forward (FF) and the related expression are presented in this paper. In the result section shows a different percentage of total harmonic distortion achieved. Out of all 4 methods, HH method suppressed distortion wave the most and resulted in the lowest THD in the proposed inverter. This paper shows that by reducing the number of switches in multilevel inverter structure maintains the same quality output as the conventional H-bridge topology. Furthermore, the manipulation of the switches firing angle contribute in decreasing the system THD.
      2  32
  • Publication
    Selective Harmonic Elimination Pulse Width Modulation for Three-Phase Nine-Level Inverter Using Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm
    ( 2023-10-06)
    Bimazlim M.A.S.
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Muhammad Zaid Aihsan
    ;
    Rosnazri Ali
    ;
    Talib M.H.N.
    ;
    Muhammad Azhar Walter M.S.
    ;
    Siti Khodijah Mazalan
    ;
    Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani
    For many years, multilevel inverter (MLI) is a system well-known for converting DC voltage to AC voltage which is suitable for energy resources conversion for industrial power sources. With the help of Selective Harmonic Elimination Pulse Width Modulation (SHEPWM) switching technique, the output power from the MLI system is better efficiency with low Total Harmonics Distortion (THD). The SHEPWM switching technique is used to eliminate the lower order of the harmonics and reduces the Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) of the MLI system. Along with the optimization algorithms to solve difficult non-linear equations involving with SHEPWM, applying SHEPWM into MLI system helps to further improve the output power efficiency. Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is one of the algorithms developed which capable of solving the non-linear equation and obtained suitable results for MLI. Additionally, many types of improvement done on WOA, called as Improved Whale Optimization Algorithms (IWOA) also developed to obtain better results compared with WOA. Developed in a MATLAB environment, a proposed IWOA is applied to solve the equation and compared with WOA. The results show that the proposed IWOA capable of achieving higher probability with fast convergence speed reaching global optimal compared to WOA. With the proposed approach, the IWOA efficiently computed required switching angles, to eliminate the selective lower-order harmonics for different modulation indices (Ma). In this paper, the proposed IWOA is performed on a three-phase nine-level cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter (CHBMLI) for a wide range of modulation indexes between 0.1 until 1. The results show the eliminations of 5th, 7th, and 11th harmonics from the output of the three-phase nine-level MLI system thus reducing THD from the system up to 5.82%.
      2  21
  • Publication
    Comparative investigations on different types of inductors in single-phase inverter
    ( 2021-12-01)
    Muhammad Zaid Aihsan
    ;
    Ahmad Muhyiddin Yusof
    ;
    Hasliza A Rahim @ Samsuddin
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Mohd Saifizi Saidon
    ;
    Muhammad Izuan Fahmi Romli
    This article organized in two sections where it compares the performance of single-phase inverters using various types of inductors with differences modulation technique of pulse width modulation (PWM). Not all inductors perform the same function, even the inductance value is the same. The study will investigate the capability of each inductor on its performance to convert the unfiltered AC voltage into filtered sinusoidal AC voltage. The drum core and toroidal core inductors were used in this investigation. For both inductors, the performance will be analyzed based on Bipolar and Unipolar switching schemes in a single unit H-bridge circuit. The validation of results are through experimental assessment only and it will be evaluating the shape of sinusoidal AC voltage and the content of total harmonics distortion in the AC voltage for both inductors.
      2  2
  • Publication
    Electrical Tree Investigation on Solid Insulation for High Voltage Applications
    ( 2021-01-01)
    Abdulah C.S.K.
    ;
    Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Isa M.A.M.
    ;
    Afifah Shuhada Rosmi
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Kamarol M.
    Electrical treeing is a major cause of a breakdown in solid insulation cable. This phenomenon reduced aging by degrading the insulation, leading to failure in the high voltage materials. The most common experimental set-up in studying the electrical tree is using a needle electrode to initiate the treeing image. Different types of needle and insulation material had been studied from the previous experiment. This paper review the method used to investigate tree growth and its technique to capture the treeing image. Based on this review, several causes delay the treeing process in the needle embedded experiments. In contrast, 2D image processing is the most frequent image developed in the electrical tree on solid insulation.
      8  32
  • Publication
    Performance of Nine-Level Transformerless Photovoltaic Powered Inverter (TPVPI) Using Technique of Equal Maximum Phase Delay Time
    ( 2020-06-17)
    Muhammad Irwanto Misrun
    ;
    Gomesh N.
    ;
    Baharuddin Ismail
    ;
    Alam H.
    ;
    Masri M.
    ;
    Kusuma B.S.
    A simple inverter is constructed by some switching components that connected in half bridge or full bridge circuit. The switching component can be a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), transistor or insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) which is driven by simple technique of pulse wave modulation (PWM). This technique generates a square alternating current (AC) waveform but it is still AC pulse wave with rich harmonic production and it is not good for the long life of electric devices. A multilevel inverter is better than the previous inverter. Some techniques have been developed to generate multilevel inverter for main objective to generated AC waveform toward sinusoidal waveform and reduce the harmonic. Also, an inverter is constructed by a transformer which is big in size and produce losses and it can increase the harmonic. This paper presents a nine-level transformerless photovoltaic powered inverter (TPVPI) system using technique of equal maximum phase delay time. It is constructed by two main elements. The first is photovoltaic (PV) module as a main direct current (DC) voltage source and the second is four full bridge circuits in cascaded connection. The proposed technique is that each two MOSFETs for cross position in the same full bridge have a same pattern of pulse wave for the period of 0.02 s. It has a phase delay time of 0.00111 s for generating the nine-level AC waveform.
      1