Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad
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Preferred name
Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad
Official Name
Wan Zuki Azman, Wan Muhamad
Alternative Name
Azman, Wan Zuki
Wan Ahmad, Wan Zuki Azman
Muhamad, Wan Zuki Azmanwan
Main Affiliation
Universiti Malaysia Perlis
Scopus Author ID
55860800560
Researcher ID
R-4128-2019

Research Output

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  • Publication
    Non-linear analysis of Self-Switching Diodes as microwave rectifiers
    ( 2017-01-01)
    Shahrir Rizal Kasjoo
    ;
    Zulfadhli Zailan
    ;
    Sanna Taking
    ;
    Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad
    ;
    Muammar Mohamad Isa
    ;
    Arshad M.
    A planar device known as the Self-Switching Diode (SSD) has been demonstrated as a high-speed rectifier, up to terahertz frequencies. The rectifying properties of SSD are dependent on a nonlinear current-voltage characteristic of the device. In this research, the rectification of two SSD rectifiers has been reported and their performances were evaluated. The observed results showed a good agreement with the nonlinear theoretical analysis of both rectifiers by means of a Taylor series which can be utilized in improving the rectifying performance of any diode-based rectifier specifically for diodes with tunable threshold voltage such as SSDs.
  • Publication
    A 0.7 GHz and 0.9 GHz efficient and compact dual-band rectifier for ambient radio frequency energy harvesting
    (Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES), 2025)
    Raja Nor Azrin Raja Yunus
    ;
    Ismahayati Adam
    ;
    Mohd Najib Mohd Yasin
    ;
    Surajo Muhammad
    ;
    Abdulrahman Amin Ahmed Ghaleb
    ;
    Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad
    This study introduces a compact dual-band rectifier utilizing a single and multi-stub matching network (MN) technique. The rectifier consists of two branches, each incorporating a single block stub and two blocks stub to generate two frequency susceptance blocks, subsequently transformed into a meandered line. The proposed rectifier operates at two frequency bands of 0.7 GHz and 0.9 GHz and is fabricated on an RT/Duroid 5880 printed circuit board (PCB) with dimensions of 37×25×1.6 mm using an entire ground architecture. Simulation and measurement results show that the rectifier has a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 67.77% and 66.35% at 0.7 GHz and 70.31% and 71.22% at 0.9 GHz with input power of 0 dBm, respectively. The rectified voltage is 1.79 V DC across a 5 kΩ load terminal (RL) with 5 dBm input power and is capable of sensing low input power down to -30 dBm. This feature makes the rectifier a promising solution for powering low-power devices from ambient energy.
  • Publication
    Risk factor analysis for stunting incidence using sparse categorical principal component logistic regression
    (Elsevier, 2025-01)
    Anna Islamiyati
    ;
    Muhammad Nur Aiman Uda
    ;
    Abdul Salam
    ;
    Dwi Auliyah
    ;
    Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad
    The risk factors for stunting incidence involve categorical data in both the response and predictor variables. Therefore, we developed a sparse categorical principal component logistic regression model capable of handling data with multicollinearity. The parameters of the sparse categorical principal component logistic regression model were estimated using the maximum likelihood method and the Newton-Raphson iterative approach. The analysis yielded a likelihood ratio value of 144.81 and a chi-square statistic value of 11.07, indicating that all factors included in the model are statistically significant. The results highlight that medical history, inadequate complementary feeding, formula feeding, lack of complementary feeding programs, and lack of iron supplementation for mothers are highly associated with the risk of stunting in toddlers. This emphasizes the need for attention to maternal nutrition from pregnancy through breastfeeding, as well as the nutrition of the toddler. Some important points proposed in this method are: • Stunting data consists of categorical variables containing multicollinearity. • The method applied is sparse logistic regression combined with categorical principal component analysis. • Analysis of risk factors for stunting in toddlers is based on the child's own condition, as well as parental factors, namely age, education, and intake of additional food and supplementary tablets during pregnancy.
  • Publication
    Artificial bee colony for curve reconstruction using quartic bézier
    (Little Lion Scientific, 2022-03-31)
    Nur' Afifah Rusdi
    ;
    Zainor Ridzuan Yahya
    ;
    Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad
    ;
    Nurshazneem Roslan
    This work presents the use of Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm (ABC) for curve reconstruction using Quartic Bézier. Quartic Bézier curve is rarely used by the researchers in the application of medical images. Therefore, by increasing the degree of the Bézier curve, a better curve with small error can be obtain. The process of curve reconstruction involved was boundary and corner point detection of the medical image, parameterization and curve reconstruction by using ABC. By applying these processes, the fitted Quartic Bézier is obtained. The Sum Square Error (SSE) is used to record the error between the fitted Quartic Bézier curve with the original image. The results of SSE is recorded after the process is repeated 10 times with the average error of 3.4463e03 . Because the final output of the fitted curve resembles the original image, the suggested method can be considered as an option method for curve reconstruction applications. ABC algorithm is an interesting algorithm that can be explored in more detail and can be applied in various problems.
      3  10
  • Publication
    Understanding Domain Knowledge in Initialization Method for K-Mean Clustering Algorithm in Medical Images
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Tan X.J.
    ;
    Nazahah Mustafa
    ;
    Mohd Yusoff Mashor
    ;
    Ab Rahman K.S.
    ;
    Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad
    ;
    Leow Wai Zhe
    ;
    Cheor Wai Loon
    ;
    Oung Qi Wei
    This work serves as a preliminary study to investigate and identify the applicability of domain knowledge as an initialization method for K-Mean (KM), typically in medical images. For this purpose, 20 breast histopathology images were used as data set and the evaluations are focused on the clustering of the hyperchromatic nucleus. The iteration numbers and clustering results (i.e., accuracy, over-segmentation, and under-segmentation) are benchmarked with KM++ and the conventional random initialization method. The domain knowledge initialization method is found promising by achieving lower iteration numbers (<9), higher percentage in accuracy (85.5% (±2.27)), and lower percentages in over-segmentation (8.25% (±2.23)), and under-segmentation (7.00% (±2.14)). From this study, we hypothesize that the domain knowledge initialization method has the potential to be implemented as an initialization method and is posited to overperform some established initialization methods, typically for clustering tasks in medical images.
      1  37
  • Publication
    Extended median filter for salt and pepper noise
    ( 2017-01-01)
    Bilal Charmouti
    ;
    Ahmad Kadri Junoh
    ;
    Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad
    ;
    Muhammad Naufal Mansor
    ;
    Mohd Zamri Hasan
    ;
    Mohd Yusoff Mashor
    Image have a significant importance in many fields in human life such as, in medicine, photography, biology, astronomy, industry and defence. Thus, it attracts the attention of large number of researchers, among them those interested in preserving the image features from any factors that may reduce the image quality. One of these factors is the noise which affects the visual aspect of the image and makes others image processing more difficult. Thus far, solving this noise problem remains a challenge point for the researchers in this field, a huge number of image denoising techniques have been introduced in order to remove the noise with taking care of the image featurs, in other words, get the best similarity to the original image from the noisy one. However, beside the enormous amount of researches and studies which adopt several mathematical concepts (statistics, probabilities, modeling, PDEs, wavelet, fuzzy logic, etc.), the findings proved to be inconclusive yet. From this point, the current study aims to introduce a new denoising method for removing salt & pepper noise from the digital image through developed Median filter, so as to overcome this problem of noise and achieve a good image restoration.
      2  32
  • Publication
    Investigation on Wearable Antenna under Different Bending Conditions for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) Applications
    ( 2021-01-01)
    Ismahayati Adam
    ;
    Kamarudin M.R.
    ;
    Rambe A.H.
    ;
    Haris N.
    ;
    Hasliza A Rahim @ Samsuddin
    ;
    Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad
    ;
    Arif Mawardi Ismail
    ;
    Muzammil Jusoh
    ;
    Mohd Najib Mohd Yasin
    This paper analysed the effects of bending on the performance of a textile antenna wherein the antenna under test was made of felt substrate for both industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band and WBAN applications at 2.45 GHz. Moreover, the conductive material was used for the patch, and the ground plane used a 0.17 mm Shieldit textile. Meanwhile, the antenna structure was in the form of rectangular, with a line patch in between elements to abate the mutual coupling effect. The measured operating frequency range of the antenna spanned from 2.33 GHz to 2.5 GHz with a gain of 4.7 dBi at 2.45 GHz. In this paper, the antenna robustness was examined by bending the structure on different radii and degrees along both X- and Y-axis. Next, the effects on return loss, bandwidth, isolation, and radiation characteristics were analysed. This paper also discovered that the antenna's performance remained acceptable as it was deformed, and the measured results agreed well with the simulation.
      3  25
  • Publication
    A study of cultural diversity and ethical climate towards employee selection in higher education institutions
    ( 2024-10)
    Nur Anis Zulaikha Sharif Azam
    ;
    Norshahrizan Nordin
    ;
    Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad
    This study investigates the critical role of employee selection processes in organisational success, focusing on the impact of cultural diversity (CD) and ethical climate (EC) within Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Northern Malaysia. Employing a quantitative methodology and a descriptive research design, data were collected from academic staff through a structured questionnaire. The analysis using SPSS software reveals strong positive correlations among employee selection, CD, and EC. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity confirm the data's suitability for factor analysis, while Cronbach’s alpha coefficients indicate robust internal consistency. The findings underscore the importance of aligning employee selection processes with organisational strategies and values to attract competent employees. Additionally, effective management of CD enhances financial performance, competitive advantage, and profitability. An EC significantly promotes ethical behaviour, job satisfaction, and organisational performance. The study highlights practical implications for integrating diversity and ethical considerations into selection strategies, providing valuable insights for human resource management and organisational behaviour. The research emphasises the need for a holistic approach to talent acquisition by demonstrating how selection practices influence organisational outcomes. This approach fosters inclusivity and ethical leadership, ultimately contributing to long-term organisational success. These findings comprehensively understand employee selection, CD, and EC dynamics in enhancing institutional effectiveness and achieving strategic goals in HEI settings.
      17  1
  • Publication
    Determination of flexibility of workers working time through Taguchi method approach
    ( 2020-10-01)
    Saidat S.
    ;
    Ahmad Kadri Junoh
    ;
    Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad
    ;
    Zainab Yahya
    Human factor is one of the important elements in manufacturing world, despite their important role in improvement the production flow, they have been neglected while scheduling for many decades. In this paper the researchers taken the human factor throughout their job performance weightage into consideration while using job shop scheduling (JSS) for a factory of glass industry, in order to improving the workers' flexibility. In other hand, the researchers suggested a new sequence of workers' weightage by using Taguchi method, which present the best flexibility that workers can have, while decreasing the total time that the factory need to complete the whole production flow.
      5  22
  • Publication
    Breast cancer status, grading system, etiology, and challenges in Asia: an updated review
    (De Gruyter Brill, 2023)
    Tan Xiao Jian
    ;
    Cheor Wai Loon
    ;
    Cheng Ee Meng
    ;
    Khairul Shakir Ab Rahman
    ;
    Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad
    ;
    Leow Wai Zhe
    The number of breast cancer incidences reported worldwide has increased tremendously over the years. Scoping down to Asia, in 2020, the reported incidences of breast cancer are appalling, comprising 1,026,171 cases, occupying up to 45.4% of cases across the globe. Breast cancer is a non-communicable disease, that emerges in variegated forms, self-subsistent, and the etiology is observed to be multifactorial, dependent on the individual reproductive pattern, hormonal factors, diet, physical activity, lifestyle, and exposure to certain advent procedures. Given this complexity, breast cancer is expected to undergo a persistent increment in the number of incidences in near future, exacerbating the public health quality, regardless of race, ethnicity, geographical subgroups, and socioeconomic. In this review article, the authors examine breast cancer in multiple facets, comprising the updated statistics on breast cancer, typically in Asia; etiology of breast cancer; diagnosis of breast cancer; grading system; and challenges in breast cancer from the country’s income perspective. Realizing the ever-increasing demand for quality treatment, here, the article also contemplates common therapies in breast cancer, such as breast-conserving therapy, mastectomy, postmastectomy radiation therapy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, axillary surgery, chemotherapy, adjuvant medical therapies, biological and targeted therapies, and endocrine therapy. This review article intended to provide a brief yet broad panoramic view of breast cancer, to readers, ranging from newcomers, existing researchers, and relevant stakeholders in the topic of interest.
      1  2