Conference Publications
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PublicationCustomer survey analysis for design and development of golf ball retriever prototype(Springer, 2023)This paper focuses on using customer analysis in the design and development of golf ball retriever that can be operated in the driving range. The identified problems with conventional method of retrieving the balls are the golf attendant is not able to collect the balls effectively, the number of balls collected is relatively low and the operator will experience strain in their wrists while collecting the balls with the method of scooping. Hence, the methodology and results are presented according to the customer and engineering requirements. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method by using House of Quality (HOQ) is used to align both the customers’ and engineering requirements.
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PublicationSupercapacitor’s parameter calculation based on three branch equivalent circuit model under different constant charging current(IOP Publishing, 2023)Supercapacitor is a type of energy storage with higher capacitance value compared to the normal capacitor. But it has lower voltage level compared to normal capacitor. However, it can be charged with high current and provide higher current to the load when needed when compared to the same size energy storage such as battery. The Three Branch Equivalent Circuit is one of the simple yet accurate model that has been proposed. The parameter of the Three Branch model included the capacitance, resistance and a unit of voltage dependent capacitance. The Parameter needed to be calculated accurately as it depends heavily on the terminal voltage of the supercapacitor at respective time which obtained through a charging and self-discharging experiment under constant current charging. The different constant charging current give effect toward the parameter calculation as it manipulates the rate of charging and self-discharging. This paper will calculate the parameter of supercapacitor based on the Three Branch model under different constant charging current and compared the result using the simulation to show the accuracy of the model. The parameter obtained throughout the study shows a high accuracy especially the parameters obtained using higher charging current.
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PublicationModelling small artefact for preservation – a case study of Perlis heritage(IOP Publishing, 2023)Heritage preservation is essential for preserving historical sites and cultural artefact for future generations. However, they are prone to damages and destructions due to weather conditions and other factors. 3D models and reconstructions can aid in the conservation of historical sites and artefact. LiDAR (light detection and ranging) technology can be utilized to obtain accurate 3D representation of object or area of interest. This project aims to preserve one of the historical artefact in Perlis, Malaysia which is known as ‘Batu Nisan Acheh’ or the Acheh Gravestone by using 3D model and reconstruction. iPhone 13 Pro Max LiDAR scanner is used to collect the raw dataset of the artefact with Scaniverse application. MATLAB is employed for data processing which includes data filtering, noise reduction, downsampling and 3D surface reconstruction. In addition, a GUI application is also developed in enabling users to upload their desired point cloud files and produce its 3D model for future usage. Results show that the accuracy, effectiveness, and usability of heritage preservation initiatives are improved by combining iPhone 13 Pro Max LiDAR scanning with MATLAB processing, which is useful for virtual displays, restoration, and future study.
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PublicationIntensity ratio distribution in different dielectric liquids using Kerr Effect method(IOP Publishing, 2023)Light intensity is the result from the Kerr effect measurement that can be used in determining the electric field distributions in dielectric liquids as the analysis continues afterwards. One of the most important parameters to consider in designing the Kerr effect experiment is the Kerr constant of the test liquid. This paper aims to study and compare light intensity distribution in different dielectric liquids using Kerr effect method. Propylene carbonate, transformer oil and purified water are used as the test liquids. From the results obtained, the light intensities as a function of electric field of the test liquids are compared. With higher Kerr constant, low voltages can be applied to the test liquid but with larger optical signals. Furthermore, the length of the electrodes can be designed accordingly to suit the experimental setup.
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PublicationDual Outputs Switch Mode Power Supply (DOSMPS) utilizing forward converter topology(IOP Publishing, 2023)Experimental works of dual, 5 volt DC outputs switch mode power supply (DOSMPS) is presented in this paper. To design, construct and evaluate the DOSMPS using forward converter topology are the objectives of this article. In this work, a 556 timer was picked as the pulse width modulator. The 556 timer was picked because it is widely used, cheap and capable of producing stable dual pulse width modulations. Since, this work targeted dual DC outputs, two forward converter circuits were built. However, switching frequencies at two transistors were controlled by only one 556 timer. The complete circuit of the DOSMPS consist of full bridge rectifier, smoothing capacitor, two high frequency transformers and two forward converter circuits. At the first stage of this work, the DOSMPS circuit was designed using Proteus software. Later, the complete DOSMPS circuit was constructed on two breadbroads after all of the electronic components and devices were available. Important parameters such as the input and output voltages and duty cycles were measured using digital oscilloscope and multimeter. Results from these measurements have shown that the designed circuit can convert single-phase 24 Vrms 50 Hz AC voltage input into dual and stable 5±0.1 V DC outputs. Also from this work, it was observed that, pulsed DC voltages with peak value of 2 V and frequency less than 20 kHz are sufficient in controlling the switching frequencies of both BJT transistors. This allows the regulation of the output voltage within the desired range. Analysis carried out after the measurements has shown close correlation between the theoretical and experimental results, where the calculated and measured switching frequencies had only deviated by 1.1%.