Salwa Mohd Zaini Makhtar
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Salwa Mohd Zaini Makhtar
Official Name
Salwa, Mohd Zaini Makhtar
Alternative Name
Makhtar, Salwa Zaini
Makhtar, S. M.Z.
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Scopus Author ID
57222295195

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  • Publication
    The use of media filters in treatment of runoff pollution
    ( 2021-02-23)
    Amirah A.S.N.
    ;
    Ragunathan Al Santiagoo
    ;
    Nik Zainab Nik Azizan
    ;
    Allan Melvin Andrew
    ;
    Faridah Wahab
    ;
    Tan Wei Hong
    ;
    Salwa Mohd Zaini Makhtar
    The study will examine the ability of recycled aggregates and sand to classify wastewater in a manner that decreases the level of environmental pollution. The sample was taken from Kg Wang Ulu, Perlis agricultural district, Jejawi, Perlis industrial area and Taman Desa Katong, Perlis residential area. Water quality research has been investigated to find the characteristics of effluent such as suspended solids, BOD, COD and TSS. Three rainfall intensity values, of 5 LPM as low rainfall, 12.5 LPM as mean precipitation intensity, and 22.5 LPM as high-cut rainfall consisted of recycled aggregate and high-absorptive sand as drainage beds, were included in this operating system. Experimental findings indicate that the recycling of aggregates and sand filters has a positive effect on water in industrial and residential areas. It shows that the use of recycled aggregates as a drainage bed can increase the permeability of the region by reducing erosion, preventing flooding and promoting natural infiltration.
      37  1
  • Publication
    Investigation of Biosand Filter (BSF) on the Treatment Performance of Industrial Latex Wastewater
    ( 2024-01-01)
    Najihah Abdul Rashid
    ;
    Abdul Latif Abdul Rani
    ;
    Mohd Firdaus Omar
    ;
    Zainol N.A.
    ;
    Salwa Mohd Zaini Makhtar
    ;
    A B Wahab M.
    ;
    Nabilah Aminah Lutpi
    ;
    Farrah Aini Dahalan
    Biosand Filters (BSF) has great potential to improve the water quality. BSF is used extensively in the treatment of drinking water in rural areas because it is affordable, simple to use, and has a high removal efficiency. This study used actual latex effluent to examine the effectiveness of SBR. The growth of the biolayer in the BSF is also observed. This study analyzes consistent and stable results for COD, DO and NH4-N+. With removal performance ranging from 87 % to 99 %. DO value for BSF varied from lowest value of 1.5 mg/L to 8mg/L. Overall, the BSF was capable of producing treated water for water reclamation.
      41  2
  • Publication
    Analysing impact of climate change on hydrological trend in Kelantan river basin using HEC-HMS coupled with SDSM
    (Springer, 2023)
    Muhammad Zahran Syahmi Armain
    ;
    Zulkarnain Hassan
    ;
    Sobri Harun
    ;
    Mohd Remy Rozainy Mohd Arif Zainol
    ;
    Ain Nihla Kamarudzaman
    ;
    Salwa Mohd Zaini Makhtar
    Climate change dramatically alters many hydrologic systems, which affects the availability of water and leads to runoff and river discharge. This study assessed the effects of the future scenario of climate change on the monthly river discharge of the Kelantan River Basin, Malaysia. Statistical DownScaling model (SDSM) was used to downscale the rainfall from large climate variables of the second-generation Canadian Earth System Model (CanESM2) under the Representative Concentration Pathways of 8.5 (RCP 8.5) and project future river discharge using the Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS). From this study, the monthly rainfall and river discharge over the Kelantan River basin will be significantly reduced in the future by 30 and 50% compared to the current period.
      4  7
  • Publication
    A study of water distribution near Taman Seri Wang, Arau, Perlis
    ( 2021-02-23)
    Nor Amirah Abu Seman @ Haji Ahmad
    ;
    Tan W.H.
    ;
    Faridah Wahab
    ;
    Allan Melvin Andrew
    ;
    Nik Zainab Nik Azizan
    ;
    Ragunathan Al Santiagoo
    ;
    Salwa Mohd Zaini Makhtar
    The water distribution system consists of a network of pipelines of different sizes with control valves for transporting water to all streets and providing water to consumers through the water distribution system. The water distribution system may either be continuous or intermittent. Water is available 24 hours a day and seven days a week throughout the continuous water distribution network. This study was conducted to access the water distribution near Taman Seri Wang (TSW) in Arau, Perlis. Research had been outlined to access the existing water distribution at RPA ARAU, to identify the head loss of water distribution at TSW ARAU and to determine the relationship between node demand and pressure of water distribution system at TSW ARAU. A quantitative method was used in this study, which gathers the data parameter from Syarikat Air Perlis (SAP) generated using EPANET software to calculate the head loss inside the pipe Hazen - William equation. The flow rate shows a declining value at nodes 42, 34, 54 and 46 after an analysis of 0700 hours. Simultaneously, a higher proportion of head loss is found in mainly link 1 of the water intake point and link 15 in the water tank near the study area.
      5  31