Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • Publication
    Preparation & characterization of biochar from rice husk by pyrolysis method
    ( 2024-12) ;
    Nur Nuha Ulya Norazman
    ;
    In nations where rice cultivation is prevalent, the responsible management of substantial quantities of rice waste is necessary to mitigate potential environmental concerns. This study aims to produce biochar from rice husks through the pyrolysis method, specifically without using inert nitrogen gas by utilizing a low-oxygen pyrolysis technique. The study employed many experimental parameters, including the process temperature, residence time, and heating rates. The FTIR results revealed a decrease in the stretching of O-H bonds in rice husk biochar at elevated temperatures (500°C), suggesting the degradation and disintegration of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Various bands associated with hydroxyl, carboxyl, aromatic bonds, amine groups, and other aromatic compounds were observed at lower pyrolysis temperatures. The observed functional group in rice husk biochar closely resembles the outcomes obtained from commercial biochar, except for the absence of C=O stretching. It was seen that the biochar structure exhibited an increase in pore size with increasing temperature. At higher temperatures, a decrease in pore size was observed on the surface of the biochar. It has been observed that when subjected to elevated pyrolysis temperatures, commercial biochar has a greater pore size compared to rice husk biochar, albeit fewer in number than the latter. Based on the findings, it can be inferred that the most favourable conditions for the rice husk biochar production by the low oxygen pyrolysis method are attained at temperatures of 300°C for durations of 60 and 90 minutes, as well as at 400°C for 90 minutes.
  • Publication
    Logam bukan ferus
    Umum mengetahui kepentingan bahan logam dalam kehidupan manusia seharian. Walaubagaimanapun, tidak ramai yang mempunyai pemahaman jelas berkaitan dengan bahan ini. Situasi ini mengilhamkan para penulis untuk menghasilkan buku Logam Bukan Ferus ini. Bab pertama menjelaskan berkenaan logam bukan ferus secara umum, pola penggunaan logam bukan ferus serta masa depan logam bukan ferus ini. Bab-bab lain pula memberikan fokus kepada beberapa jenis bahan bukan ferus secara spesifik seperti aluminium, zink, plumbum, kuprum, logam refraktori dan logam berharga.
      18  137
  • Publication
    Logam ferus
    Logam ferus adalah kumpulan logam dengan komposisi utamanya terdiri daripada bahan logam besi. Pengetahuan berkaitan bahan ini dapat membantu kita menghasilkan produk yang lebih berkualiti serta mengoptimakan penggunaan bahan ferus dengan lebih cekap. Bab pertama menjelaskan berkenaan logam ferus secara umum, proses penghasilan logam ferus serta piawai yang menjadi rujukan utama industri berkaitan. Bab kedua buku ini pula memberikan fokus kepada sifat-sifat logam ferus serta peranan utama bahan karbon dalam penghasilan keluli. Jenis-jenis keluli yang utama pula dijelaskan dalam bab tiga. Manakala bahagian terakhir menjelaskan proses-proses yang berkaitan dengan penghasilan produk daripada bahan logam ferus.
      52  392
  • Publication
    Asas logam
    Buku Asas Logam diterbitkan khusus untuk membimbing dan memberi panduan kepada para pelajar yang mengikuti pengajian Kejuruteraan Bahan terutamanya dalam bidang Metalurgi. Buku ini menggabungkan aspek teori dan praktikal yang wujud dalam keseluruhan pemprosesan logam. Secara keseluruhannya buku ini membolehkan pembaca memahami teori dan mengaplikasikan kejuruteraan Metalurgi di alam pekerjaan dan kehidupan harian.
      13  135
  • Publication
    Structural, electronic and thermoelectric properties of SrTiO₃ ceramic doped by lanthanum using first principles
    (IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020)
    Akeem Adekunle Adewale
    ;
    ;
    The Sr₀.9₂La₀.₀₈TiO₃ model compound was studied by means of the first-principles method grounded on the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave with the local orbital method as implement in WIEN2k. The structures, electronic and thermoelectric properties of the model compound are examined. Geometry optimization of Sr₀.9₂La₀.₀₈TiO₃ compound structure reveals the lattice constant of 3.9451 Å, which is the same as un-doped SrTiO₃. The direct bandgap of 2.48 eV (Γ-Γ) was measured from computed electronic band structure and its displayed density of states for Sr₀.9₂La₀.₀₈TiO₃ sample. Transport properties were calculated using BoltzTraP code as implemented in the WIEN2k code. The results were analyzed as a function of the variable temperatures, the density of state and chemical potential. Temperature and density of state variation with transport properties are in the same trend. Chemical potential proves material as n-type via Seebeck coefficient. The thermoelectric performance ZT of 0.05 was obtained at room temperature, while maximum value of 3.79 was recorded at 1200 K.