Theses & Dissertations

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14170/209

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 348
  • Publication
    Development of indoor wireless optical CDMA system for local-area networks (LANs) and health-care continuous monitoring
    (Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 2016)
    Emad Ahmed Mubarak
    Optical wireless communication (OWC) is an important area of research that offers a number of advantages over radio frequency based systems. These advantages include high bandwidth, free licensed spectrum band, high security, ease of installation, immunity to induced electromagnetic interference (EMI), and low-cost subsystems. The focus of this thesis is on indoor owe channels and systems. The main limitations ofindoor owe systems include Inter-Symbol Interference (lSI) due to multi path dispersion, background noise, and Multiple Access Interference (MAl) and Phase-Induced Intensity Noise (PUN) associated with simultaneous multi-user systems. The former degrades the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), while the latter limits the maximum achievable data rate. This thesis investigates the use of an optimised divergence angle of the transmitter in a room structure of 1-cell and 4-cell configurations to achieve a higher transmission bandwidth and a more uniform optical power distribution, resulting in lower IS I. This work also investigates the use of Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) technology based on a Zero Cross Correlation (ZCC) code in optical wireless networks to reduce the impairments such as MAl and PIIN that exist in the system and thus improve the overall system performance. The obtained results are compared with a Flexible Cross Correlation CFCC) based system. As a result, the indoor wireless OCDMA (W-OCDMA) system based on 4-celJ configuration and using the ZCC code can accommodate a large number of users with less transmission power and a higher data rate compared to the 1-cell configuration or using the FCC code. The 4-cell configuration system based on the ZCC code offered 42% and 150% larger cardinality at the edges, and the comers of the room respectively, compared to the 1-cell configuration. In addition, this system also offered 55%, 47%, 51% larger cardinality at the centre, the edges, and the comers of the room, respectively, in contrast to the FCC code. Furthermore, this research also investigates the use of infrared technology in healthcare monitoring to develop a mobile medical system. This is because existing technology is generally based on radio frequency (RF) systems, which might suffer from electromagnetic interference (EMI). Additionally, the effect of the radiation field on medical equipment may lead to misdiagnosis. In answer to these issues, optical wireless links between the medical sensors and the receiver in the middle of the ceiling in a hospital room was examined. From the results, the power efficiency of the mobile optical wireless system to ensure the communication between medical sensors and the receiving point was established. Furthermore, the minimum required transmitted power for the required performance was determined, so as to achieve a higher power autonomy. The results also show that the requirements of a healthcare monitoring application for medical nodes of up to 10 nodes, considering a data rate lower than 1 Mbps, can be achieved using infrared technology. The results prove the superiority of the optical wireless technology over the conventional radio-based communication network in healthcare monitoring systems.
  • Publication
    Design and implementation of an embedded real-time surveillance system based raspberry Pi SBC
    (Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 2016)
    Moftah Abdussalam Hmaid
    As an essential constituent of many associations, security and safety precedence, video surveillance has established its importance and benefits numerous times by providing immediate supervising of possessions, people, environment and property. There are many blemishes in the video monitoring system, such as: image is inconspicuous, abnormalities cannot be identified automatically, a lot of spaces are needed to store the monitoring information, and prices remain comparatively high. This project deals with the development approach of an Embedded Real-Time Surveillance System Based Raspberry Pi SBC for intruder detection that reinforces surveillance technology to provide essential security to our life and associated control in addition to alert operations. The proposed security solution hinges on our novel integration of cameras and motion detectors into web application to pervasive remote locations in addition to a cost effective and that it is capable to handle in an efficient way the intruder detection and determine its identity and location. Raspberry Pi operates and controls motion detectors and video cameras for remote sensing and surveillance, streams live video and records it for future playback. This research is focused on developing a surveillance system that detects strangers and to response speedily by capturing and relaying images to admin office based wireless module and thus activate the alert system both at intruder location and admin office. We will use the Smart Surveillance System Using Raspberry Pi presents the idea of monitoring the particular place in a remote area, that to overcome the ability of the human being in terms of drowsiness and fatigue because it impossible the admin to preserve watching the screen monitoring in the long time. The system can be administrated by a remote user from any networked workstation. The proposed solution offers efficient stand alone, flexibility to upgrade and cheap development and installation as well as cost effective ubiquitous surveillance solution.
  • Publication
    Microcontroller-and microprocessor-based embedded system design and comparison for aquaponic implementation
    (Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 2016)
    Megat Muhammad Firdaus Othman
    This thesis presents an improved approach of food production methods. Fish and crops are the main focus of food production. Both fish and crops food productions were developed using the combination of aquaculture and agriculture. The term or method related to this combination called aquaponics. Aquaponics system uses the same circulating water contain in the tank for fish and crops. The main purpose of this system is to facilitate water circulation. The water from the fish pond required to be pumped into the growbed tanks. The growbed tanks are essentially acted as a place where the waste of the fish will be filtered out. The residue of the fish can exist in the form of liquid or particles. The processor is the brain of any embedded system. CT-UNO from Adruino product was used as the microcontroller-based while Raspberry-pi board used as microprocessor-based system. Each board has its own powering system terminal and circuit connection. These two boards were connected to an input from sensor and output for the valve and Wi-Fi communication. The sensors composed of water level, pH, DO, EC, Temp and ORP sensor. All these elements were the content that can optimizing production process. A water level sensor was used to check the maximum water in the growbed while the rest were used to record and data measurement from the fish tank water elements such as pH, NH3, DO, and temperature. The data read by the solution sensor was sent to the processor board through 12C connection. Data of level sensor operated by varying the resistance based on the water level. All these data were monitored through wireless connection. Data can be analyzed from the recorded sensor which can be read several times if needed. Level sensor also can be categorize acted as switch for the valve that mount on the bottom of growbed tank. When the water reach the maximum level, water valve will open to flush the water from the growbed to the fish tank. This output water has been filtered by the crop and medium in the growbed. A water valve has an external power source that consist of power relay to open and close the water flow. By implementing this method, crops get all based requirement to grow up effectively and all in all, the entire system worked successfully and served the project objectives.
  • Publication
    A study of comparsion on image enhancement using histogram equalization
    (Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 2016)
    Abdulhakeem Ali Hamood Al-baadani
    Image enhancement techniques are used to improve the characteristics and quality of an image, such that the resulting image is better than the original image, Histogram equalization (HE) is widely used for contrast enhancement. However, it tends to change the brightness of images. Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLARE) technique is applied for images in this project study in order to enhance the limitation of images by transforming the number of tiles in image. The Median Filter is applied for removing the background noise. MA TLAB has been used to implement the Image enhancement techniques on grey level images. The measurements of the enhanced images are implanted by two image quality metrics, Peak-signal-to-noise-ratios (PSNR) and the structural similarity (SSIM). Analysis is done via comparison of results of PSNR and SSIM to obtain the highest values, the better quality of the enhanced, or reconstructed image. PSNR and SSIM of Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLARE) is higher than Histogram Equalization. Therefore, The Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLARE) technique is more sophisticated than Histogram Equalization technique. The Histogram Equalization method has been implemented on TMS320C6713T DSP for real time applications.
  • Publication
    Design and analysis of an efficient repository system for protein coefficients in systolic array-based architecture by using xilinx virtex-5 FPGA
    (Universiti Malaysa Perlis (UniMAP), 2015)
    Ku Noor Dhaniah Ku Muhsen
    Sequence alignment is a fundamental tool in bioinformatics and computational biology. It aims to search for regions of similarity between biological sequences, which includes DNA, RNA or protein sequences. The search for a newly discovered/unknown (query) sequence and known (subject) sequences from biological databases can be done in either pairwise or multiple sequence alignment. Due to exponential growth of biological database and the time-consuming dynamic programming-based sequence alignment algorithm, researches on FPGA-based accelerators hav e been extensively reported in literature. Typically, performing sequence alignment in hardware requires two stages; configuration and computation stages. These stages have an important role towards producing alignment results in realistic time. In terms of time complexity, the computation stage is the most time consuming part, followed by the configuration stage. The use of systolic array-based architecture in protein sequence alignment has been proven to be one of best and efficient ways to get alignment results in realistic time. However, the configuration stage is still a big challenge especially in the systolic arraybased architecture, thus needs for improvements. Therefore, in this research, an efficient repository system specifically for systolic array-based protein sequence alignment core architecture will be designed to improve performance on the configuration side. Configuration stage involves regular and rapid updates of various protein coefficients in the processing elements (PEs). This is due to the fact that, considerations of biological factors i.e. the probability scores between pairs of amino acids characters (the protein coefficients) or known as substitution matrix is crucial in protein sequence alignment. Typical PE configuration elements used serial configuration chain, whereby each PE in the systolic array architecture will be updated sequentially from the first PE until the last one. Consequently, the PE configuration time will be proportional to the number of PEs, hence increases the overall system configuration time. This research proposes alternative to the existing approach to improve the dependency on the number of PEs and reduce the configuration time. Instead of configuring PE serially, the protein coefficients can be transferred to the PE in parallel from the proposed loader. In this work, a parallel loader for PE configuration has been designed using Verilog HDL. Besides reducing the configuration time, an area optimization of the design has been done by reducing unnecessary substitution matrix columns and rows i.e. from 32 by 32 to only 20 by 20 or 61 percent area reduction. The design core was simulated using Xilinx ISIM simulator to verify its functionality. The core was also synthesized on Xilinx FPGA with device number XC5VLX50T. The resultant operating frequency of the proposed parallel loader was 389.03 MHz. In terms of performance speed up, the proposed loader reduces the configuration time to be higher performance than reported architectures in literature. In terms of area utilization, the proposed parallel loader used slices' LUT to store the substitution matrix scores instead of using the block RAM. This reduces the design dependency on the restricted block RAM elements in FPGA. In terms of slice utilization, the proposed parallel loader utilized 57 slices when implemented in Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA. With the total slices of 7200, the loader only utilized 0.79% of the FPGA area, thus allows for more generation of bigger PEs systolic array in FPGA.