Noraziana Parimin
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Preferred name
Noraziana Parimin
Official Name
Noraziana, Parimin
Alternative Name
Parimin, N.
Noraziana, Parimin
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Scopus Author ID
55955288500
Researcher ID
GCS-3360-2022

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  • Publication
    Oxide growth behaviour of 800H and HR-120 series ni-based alloys on isothermal oxidation
    ( 2024-03)
    Nurul Athirah Zainal @ Zaiton
    ;
    Noraziana Parimin
    ;
    Aqmar Ikhmal Anuar
    ;
    Nur Farhana Hayazi
    ;
    Farah Farhana Zainal
    The isothermal oxidation of two types of Ni-based alloy, alloys 800H and HR-120 was investigated in this study. The alloy underwent an isothermal oxidation test at 950 ºC for 150 hours of exposure. Oxdised alloys were tested using oxidation kinetics methods, phase analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and oxide morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Oxidation kinetics were determined based on the weight change per surface area of the oxidised alloy over a 30-hour interval. As a result, both alloys displayed a pattern of weight gain as the exposure period increased. Both alloys have followed a parabolic rate law, indicating a controlled kinetics of oxide scale diffusion. XRD analysis showed that the main Cr-containing oxide has formed on the surface of the alloy with the addition of Ti oxide for the 800H alloy and Nb oxide for the HR-120 alloy due to the different alloying element content of the two alloys. Oxide surface morphology records the uniform oxide scale that forms on the surface of the alloy.
  • Publication
    Isothermal Oxidation Behaviour of 800H Nickel-Based Alloy
    ( 2022-01-24)
    Noraziana Parimin
    ;
    Hamzah E.
    ;
    Ahad N.A.
    ;
    Mohd Nazree Derman
    The behaviour of 800H nickel (Ni)-based alloy under isothermal oxidation condition was study in this paper. The isothermal oxidation behaviour was examined in terms of fine grained and coarse grained 800H Ni-based alloy obtained from heat treatment operation at 1000 °C and 1150 °C, respectively. The heat-treated samples were undergo an isothermal oxidation attempt at 500 °C in laboratory air for 500 hours exposure duration. The effects on the oxidation kinetics was examined in terms of weight change measurement. In addition, the effects on the oxide scale growth was observed in terms of phase analysis using XRD technique and surface morphology analysis using FESEM outfitted with EDX spectrometer. As a results, both fine grained and coarse grained 800H Ni-based alloy were obey a parabolic rate law showing that the oxide growth rate was followed a diffusion-controlled mechanism. Additionally, fine grained 800H Ni-based alloy sample exhibited a inferior oxidation rate compared to coarse grained sample. The XRD analysis exhibited that the oxides scale composed of Cr2O3, TiO2 and MnCr2O4. The observation on the oxide scale morphology indicate that uniform oxide scales were formed on the alloy surface of both samples. However, coarse grained 800H Ni-based alloy recorded an oxide exfoliation which indicate poor oxidation protection.
  • Publication
    Characterization of oxidation kinetics and oxide scale formation on isothermal oxidation of HR-120 ni-based superalloy at 500ºC
    ( 2024-12)
    Noraziana Parimin
    ;
    Esah Hamzah
    ;
    Astuty Amrin
    The HR-120 Ni-based superalloy underwent isothermal oxidation at 500°C in order to better understand the oxidation kinetics and the production of oxide scales. To create small and large grain structure, the HR-120 Ni-based superalloy was heat-treated at two distinct temperatures, 950ºC and 1100ºC. A 500°C for 500 h isothermal oxidation test was performed on the heat-treated alloy of the study examined the oxidation kinetics, oxide phase development and oxide surface morphology of alloy that had undergone isothermal xidation. Plotting weight gain versus surface area allowed for the measurement of oxidation kinetics. The XRD method was used to examine the oxide phase. Surface morphology was investigated with SEM and EDX methods. A parabolic rate law was observed in the oxidation of both heat-treated alloys, suggesting a diffusion-controlled oxide growth mechanism. The alloy’s surface has developed many oxide phases as a result of exposures lasting 500 h. The oxidized samples’ surface morphology after 300 hours shows that overly large Nb-rich oxides are dispersed throughout the continuous oxide scale development. On coarse-grained heat-treated alloys, Nb-rich oxides produced that were abnormally big. This occurrence will initiate a crack that spreads around the oxide.
  • Publication
    Effect of primer layer and curing method on geopolymer paste coating properties
    ( 2024-12)
    Farah Farhana Zainal
    ;
    Jie Xin See
    ;
    Noraziana Parimin
    ;
    Nur Farhana Hayazi
    ;
    Sri Hastuty
    This technical paper presents a comprehensive study on the properties of geopolymer coating applied to mild steel pipelines as a potential alternative to Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete structures. The geopolymer paste was formulated using a mixture of fly ash and alkaline activators, specifically sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solution. Two types of primers, epoxy metal primer and self-etch primer were applied before the geopolymer coating and various curing conditions were investigated. The geopolymer samples were subjected to two different curing processes: one set was cured in an oven at 60°C for 24 hours while the other set was left to cure under ambient conditions. After the curing period, the samples were aged at ambient conditions for 28 days. The properties of the fly ash and geopolymer paste were evaluated through a range of tests including phase analysis, morphology analysis, optical emission spectroscopy (OES) analysis, chemical composition analysis and adhesion strength testing. The results revealed that the geopolymer coatings exhibited surface cracks and efflorescence attributed to unreacted sodium oxide. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the presence of quartz, hematite, magnetite, aluminum oxide and mullite in the geopolymer coating. The self-etch primercoated samples demonstrated improved adhesion and corrosion resistance properties with a denser and more cohesive microstructure. The geopolymer coating when applied with a self-etch primer and cured at 60°C for 2 hours, achieved the highest adhesion strength of 2.2 MPa, indicating strong bonding with the mild steel pipelines. These findings contribute to the understanding of geopolymer coatings and their potential application in enhancing the performance and durability of mild steel pipelines, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional concrete coatings with improved corrosion resistance and adhesion properties.
  • Publication
    Isothermal oxidation behaviour of heat-treated Fe-33Ni-19Cr series ni-based superalloy
    ( 2024-12)
    Megat Farhan Nazmi Megat Mohamad Halim
    ;
    Noraziana Parimin
    ;
    Esah Hamzah
    The impact of heat treatment on the high temperature oxidation of Ni-based superalloys, specifically the Fe-33Ni-19Cr series, is discussed in this study. This alloy, designated LT950 and HT1160, is heat treated at two distinct temperatures, 950 °C and 1150 °C, for three hours of soaking time, followed by a water quench. Rockwell hardness tests and optical microscopy were used to characterize the heat-treated samples. An isothermal oxidation test was performed on the heat-treated samples for 200 hours at 900 °C. The oxidation kinetics were ascertained by measuring the weight change of the oxidized sample. Oxidized samples were characterized by morphological analysis of the oxide scale using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and oxide phase analysis using x-ray diffraction (XRD). As a result, the sample's grain size increases with increasing heat treatment temperature. The results of the Rockwell hardness test indicate that the Rockwell hardness number decreases as the heat treatment temperature rises. However, every heat-treated sample that was put through the isothermal oxidation test displayed a pattern of weight gain as the length of exposure increased. Because fine-grained LT950 has a lower parabolic rate constant, it indicates a lower rate of oxidation and therefore has good resistance to oxidation. XRD analysis shows that several oxide layers have formed on the surface of the oxidized sample consisting of Cr-containing oxides from the Cr2O3 and MnCr2O4 phases. SEM analysis of fine-grained LT950 showed uniform oxide scale, while coarse-grained HT1150 showed the formation of cracked and porous structures.
  • Publication
    Influence of solution treatment temperature on the microstructure of Ni-based HR-120 superalloy
    (IOP Publishing, 2020)
    Noraziana Parimin
    ;
    Esah Hamzah
    The solution treatment process has been carried out on Ni-based HR-120 superalloy (Fe-40Ni-24Cr) at six different temperatures, namely 950ºC, 1000ºC, 1050ºC, 1100ºC, 1150ºC and 1200ºC. All samples were soaking for 3 hours at desired temperature, followed by water quench. The main objective of the solution treatment process is to vary the grain size of the alloy. The effect of solution treatment process on the alloy has been investigated in term of microstructure, grain size, phase present and hardness test, by using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectrometer, x-ray diffraction (XRD) technique and Vickers hardness test. As a results, the grain size of the solution-treated alloy were increase as the solution treatment temperature increase from 27.27 μm to 40.86 μm for solution-treated alloy at 950ºC to 1200ºC, respectively. Three precipitate phases were detected during phase analysis which are NbC, TiC and (Nb,Ti)C on the solution-treated alloy. In addition, as the grain size increase when the solution treatment temperature increase, the hardness value was decrease.
  • Publication
    Oxide growth behaviour of Fe-Ni-Cr alloy at high temperature oxidation
    (IOP Publishing, 2020)
    Noraziana Parimin
    ;
    Esah Hamzah
    The isothermal oxidation test has been investigated on two types of Fe-Ni-Cr alloy, namely Fe-33Ni-19Cr and Fe-40Ni-24Cr alloys. Both alloys were undergoing an isothermal oxidation test at temperature of 500? for 500 hours exposure time. The weight change per surface area of the oxidized samples has been recorded to calculate the oxidation kinetics of both alloys. The oxide growth behaviour of oxidized samples has been examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectrometer. The oxide phase formed on the sample surface has been analyzed using x-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The results show that both alloys were followed a parabolic rate law, indicating a diffusion-controlled oxide growth mechanism. In addition, the oxidation kinetics indicating an increasing weight gain trend as the exposure time increase. Several oxide phases had formed on the oxidized surface of both alloys, consists of Cr-rich, Ti-rich, Fe-rich and spinel oxide structure. The surface morphology of both alloys demonstrated a continuous oxide scale formed on the alloy surface. Additionally, Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy recorded a formation of Ti-rich oxide, whereas, Fe-40Ni-24Cr alloy displayed a formation of overgrown Nb-rich oxide particle which. Roles of the precipitates in oxidation mechanism give new insights into the alloy optimization.