This study investigates the impact of time pressure on risky riding behaviour among p-hailing
riders in Malaysia, with moral disengagement as a mediating factor. Drawing on Bandura's
Moral Disengagement Theory and the Job Demand-Resources (JD-R) Model, the research
explores how time pressure influences these behaviours. A survey of 200 respondents, selected
through stratified convenience sampling, was conducted across three Northern States in
Malaysia, namely Perlis, Kedah, and Penang. Data analysis using Partial Least Squares
Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) reveals that time pressure significantly increases
risky riding behaviour, with moral disengagement significantly mediates this relationship.
The study finds that younger and less experienced riders are particularly susceptible to time
pressure effects. Demographic data indicate that 80% of riders are under 35 years old, with
75% having less than three years of experience. Based on these findings, the research
emphasises the need for targeted interventions, including specialised training programmes
and improved workload management strategies, to mitigate risks associated with p-hailing.
The study contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of a cognitive mechanism factor
in influencing risky riding behaviours among p-hailing riders and provides valuable insights
for enhancing road safety measures. Future research directions are suggested, including
exploration of additional cognitive mechanisms that may impact risky riding behaviours in
this context.
