Fly ash is found as a significant solid waste released from power plants to the atmosphere, but its qualitative and quantitative consumptions for the sustainability are ambiguous. The main issues aroused with the disposal of fly ash are the requirement of a large land area for landfills, cause toxicity and pollution to the soil and groundwater due to the accumulation of heavy metals. Although fly ash is highly recommended for soil amelioration and cement manufacturing, the ultimate usage of the solid waste causes unsatisfactory effect to the ground system and cementitious product, respectively. Apart from direct utilization and disposal of fly ash, it has been well reported in literature for the synthesis of nanosized particles due to its enrichment in silica, kaolin, iron, and alumina. With this regard, aluminosilicates have been acknowledged as one of the prospective nanocomposites synthesized from fly ash. It has proven that naturally occurring geopolymerization of fly ash under alkaline medium results is in the formation of aluminosilicates. As such, synthetic aluminosilicates were highly encouraged to extract from fly ash in large scale due to their excellent physiochemical properties and applications. This overview intends to fill-up the knowledge gap through critically reviewing about fly ash waste for the synthesis of aluminosilicate nanocomposite. The applications of fly ash derived aluminosilicates in industries such as wastewater treatment, agriculture system and as antioxidants are gleaned. Besides the heavy industrial potential, this review encompasses the prospective alternative consumption of fly ash for the production of nanostructured aluminosilicates and their comprehensive assessment in medical applications, especially in drug carrier and drug delivery systems, bone engineering, biosensors, hemodialysis, and intestinal therapeutics.
