Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
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Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
Official Name
Wan Azani, Wan Mustafa
Alternative Name
Mustafa, W.
Azani Mustafa, Wan
Mustaffa, Wan Azani
Wan Mustafa, Wan Azani
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
57219421621
Researcher ID
J-4603-2014

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  • Publication
    Breast Cancer Detection and Classification on Mammogram Images Using Morphological Approach
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Azmi A.A.
    ;
    Mohd Aminudin Jamlos
    ;
    Alquran H.
    ;
    Wan Khairunizam Wan Ahmad
    ;
    Ismail S.
    ;
    Alkhayyat A.
    ;
    Haron J.
    Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women worldwide. Mammography is the most well-known and effective method to detect early signs of breast cancer. The purpose of this paper is to detect breast cancer on the mammogram image to classify the disease through morphological techniques. Using conventional methods makes radiology difficult to detect cancer found in the patient's breast. This proposal can be divided into several elements, which are input database, image preprocessing, image segmentation, morphological analysis, and object recognition. First, image preprocessing will be done using the Weiner and Median filters. Second, the thresholding method for image segmentation will be performed, and lastly, morphology will remove imperfections introduced during the image segmentation process. Finally, the image is classified into two classes: normal and cancerous images. A median filter and 0.95 thresholding achieve an accuracy of 93.71%, a sensitivity of 94.36%, and a specificity of 82.53% for the cancerous images.
  • Publication
    A Review of Learner’s Model for Programming in Teaching and Learning
    ( 2024-02-01)
    Hanafi H.F.
    ;
    Selamat A.Z.
    ;
    Ghani M.M.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Harun M.F.
    ;
    Naning F.H.
    ;
    Huda M.
    ;
    Alkhayyat A.
    Over recent years, computer science (CS) teachers and instructors have faced several challenges in helping students strengthen their understanding of programming. The existing assessment methods could be more effective in assessing students' programming skills and knowledge, thus requiring a review of issues surrounding the instruction of programming courses. Against this backdrop, the authors systematically reviewed the current literature to identify several socio-cognitive factors that can help develop a learner model for learning programming. Specifically, the Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) technique was utilized to identify and select relevant articles from three primary online databases: Scopus, Web of Science, and Eric. Initially, 401 relevant papers were identified and retrieved, further reduced to only 24 articles based on specific selection criteria. As revealed, several demographic factors (such as gender, age, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status) and socio-cognitive factors (motivation, attitude, and interest) have been shown to impact student learning of programming significantly. The authors' findings from the systematic literature review helped synthesize the essential elements of the learner model that must be carefully considered and utilized. Arguably, the use of such a new learner model can compel instructors to teach programming more effectively by clarifying several students' socio-cognitive backgrounds, which collectively have a significant impact on student learning of programming courses or subjects at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of education, especially in the Malaysian educational context.
  • Publication
    Detection of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Using Machine Learning Algorithms
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Hdaib D.
    ;
    Almajali N.
    ;
    Alquran H.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Al-Azzawi W.
    ;
    Alkhayyat A.
    One of the most common diseases in women of reproductive age is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). PCOS diagnosis can be tricky, because not everyone with PCOS has polycystic ovaries (PCO), nor does everyone with ovarian cysts have PCOS, hence the pelvic ultrasound as a stand-alone diagnosis is not sufficient. The full diagnostic plan is mainly a combination of a pelvic ultrasound besides blood tests of specific parameters that indicate the presence of PCOS. Since PCOS is a hard-to-diagnose widespread hormonal disorder, blood tests, symptoms, and other parameters with the help of a computer can form a new and easy method to diagnose it. Therefore, we had successfully built a high performing diagnostic model using MATLAB. The data was obtained from the website Kaggle, and the dataset is called Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. In this paper various machine algorithms were employed by utilizing seven classifiers. Results demonstrated that Linear Discriminant classifier exhibits the best performance in terms of accuracy, while in terms of sensitivity, the KNN classifier had the best result. Also, a comparison with four other research papers that exploited the same PCOS dataset was done in terms of implementation platforms, evaluation methods, classifiers, classes, accuracy, and precision of each classifier. Our research excelled among all in terms of accuracy and varied in precedence with precision. MATLAB had shown substantial results and a great model fitting embedded approaches, scoring a high accuracy and precision outcome compared to other studies. Other improvements on the overall PCOS prediction can involve employing preprocessed ultrasound images with the features presented in the dataset.
  • Publication
    EOG Based Eye Movements and Blinks Classification Using Irisgram and CNN-SVM Classifier
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Zyout A.
    ;
    Alquraan O.
    ;
    Alsalatie M.
    ;
    Alquran H.
    ;
    Alqudah A.M.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Mohammed F.F.
    ;
    Alkhayyat A.
    The classification of eye movements and blinks is an important task in various fields, including ophthalmology, psychology, and human-computer interaction. In recent years, the use of EOG signals and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has shown promising results in accurately classifying different types of eye movements and blinks. The Irisgram, which is a two-dimensional representation of the short-time Fourier transform in the shape of a human iris, has been used as a feature for distinguishing between different types of eye movements and blinks. Additionally, CNNs have been utilized to learn the features automatically from Irisgrams and classify the eye movements and blinks based on these learned features. In this paper, we provide a methodology to classify blinks and four eye movements by employing Irisgram as input to the CNN-SVM classifier which achieved test accuracy of 96.2% in the testing dataset.
  • Publication
    Automated Classification of Skin Lesions Using Different Classifiers
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Al-Tawalbeh J.
    ;
    Alshargawi B.
    ;
    Al-Daraghmeh M.
    ;
    Alquran H.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Al-Dolaimy F.
    ;
    Alkhayyat A.
    Human skin cancer is the most common death. Skin cancer is defined as the abnormal growth of skin cells that most commonly occurs in areas of the body that are exposed to sunlight, but it can occur anywhere on the body. In their early stages, the majority of skin cancers are curable. As a result, detecting skin cancer early and quickly can save a patient's life. The incidence of malignant melanoma, the most dangerous type of skin cancer, rises year after year. Detecting skin cancer from a skin lesion is difficult due to artifacts, low contrast, mole, scar, etc. Due to the new technological advancements, early detection of skin cancer is now possible. This paper uses K-nearest neigbour (KNN), Artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers for segmented and non-segmented groups and shows 95.8% overall accuracy for all classes, with the sensitivity of 97%, 91.4% and 99.7% for Benign, melanoma, seborrheic keratosis, respectively as well a precision of 92.4%, 96.6% and 99.7%, respectively. With all automatically extracted features, the accuracy is better in a non-segmented case. This paper could be extended and further processed to meet an everyday demand of how the lesions are classified or if there are any cancers.
  • Publication
    A Study of Coding Learning Amongst Children: Motivation and Learning Performance
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Hanafi H.F.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Idris M.N.
    ;
    Ghani M.M.
    ;
    Alkhayyat A.
    ;
    Lah N.H.C.
    ;
    Seng W.Y.
    Computer programming and coding now face several obstacles in aiding students to improve their grasp of programming and coding. Furthermore, current programming approaches may more effectively measure children's programming aptitudes and abilities, necessitating a reassessment of programming training difficulties. Such a novel technique may compel educators to teach coding more effectively by crystallising multiple children's cognitive backgrounds. Considering this, the authors performed a comprehensive analysis of the existing literature (2022-2023) to identify critical mental elements and motives that might aid in gaining a broad understanding of coding learning. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was used to identify and choose relevant publications from three major internet databases: Scopus, Web of Science, and Eric. Initially, 2250 papers were reviewed and retrieved. However, this number was reduced to just 20 based on selection criteria. Several learning outcomes (assessments) and motivational elements (applications and tools) have substantially influenced children's coding and programming learning. According to the final discussion, children are motivated when exposed to pleasant and pleasurable coding environments.
  • Publication
    Counting Non-Overlapping Abnormal Cervical Cells in Whole Slide Images
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Badarneh A.
    ;
    Alzuet A.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Alquran H.
    ;
    Alsalatie M.
    ;
    Mohammed F.F.
    ;
    Alkhayyat A.
    Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancer among women globally. The Pap smear test has been widely used to detect cervical cancers according to the morphological characteristics of the cell nuclei on the micrograph. The aim of this paper is to count the non-overlapping abnormal cervical cells in whole slide images automatically by employing various image techniques. The proposed approach consists of four main steps; image enhancement, transform the extended minima, remove small pixels, and count the number of abnormal cells in the image. The proposed system used 250 cervical pap smear images where the overlap between cells is minimal. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated based on comparing the manual counting and automating counting over whole images. Therefore, the accuracy is evaluated mainly on the difference between manual and automated, and it is 92.5%. The proposed method can be used in laboratory to decrease the false positive rates in counting abnormal cells.
  • Publication
    Heart Arrhythmia Classification Using Deep Learning: A Comparative Study
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Radi O.
    ;
    Alslatie M.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Alquran H.
    ;
    Badarneh A.
    ;
    Mohammed F.F.
    ;
    Alkhayyat A.
    Heart arrhythmia is an irregular heartbeat that causes heart problems. It can be classified by their seriousness into serious and non-serious arrhythmia. Mainly to diagnose heart arrhythmias, we use Electrocardiogram (ECG). In this paper, the authors compared three different models of classifiers: Convolutional Neural Network, Dense Neural Network and Long Short-Term Memory to classify cardiac arrhythmia into two types normal and abnormal, using the MIT-BIH database. The results show that CNN and DNN have the best result of the models with 99% accuracy while LSTM shows 60 accuracy percent.
  • Publication
    Roles and Challenge of Social Media in E-Commerce Through Expert Review
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Ghani M.M.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Hanafi H.F.
    ;
    Che Lah N.H.
    ;
    Mohammed F.F.
    ;
    Alkhayyat A.
    Everyone and every business has been profoundly impacted by social media to the point where it can no longer be ignored. Its growth has been meteoric in every market around the globe. E-commerce sites' ability to facilitate social interaction between vendors and buyers is becoming increasingly important in the framework of the current digital revolution. The most popular type of app was social media, followed by games, shopping, and messaging. The primary objective is to provide a comprehensive overview of the research conducted on a particular topic. It also can establish context for a research topic by demonstrating how current research builds on past work. This paper has searched pertinent literature using databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, etc. They employ particular keywords and criteria to identify the most pertinent articles. The identified papers undergo a screening based on their titles and abstracts. The most relevant results are chosen for full-text viewing. The text emphasizes the significance of social media in the evolution of e-commerce and the need for businesses to adapt and utilize these platforms for successful consumer engagement, brand development, and overall growth.
  • Publication
    Implementation of High Gain DC/DC Boost Converter
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Zulkifli Z.W.
    ;
    Redzuan N.
    ;
    Muhammad Z.
    ;
    Wan Azani Wan Mustafa
    ;
    Mohammed F.F.
    ;
    Alkhayyat A.
    In order to bypass the ordinary DC/DC boost converter and level up the DC voltage to a higher level, the high gain boost converter is described in this work. With just one semiconductor switch unit, the circuit can level up a little DC voltage to a huge level of DC voltage. In order to prevent the system from becoming saturated, a typical DC/DC boost converter will restrict the boosting production at a specific level. The suggested topology introduces the integration between the high switching state and the transformer, producing a larger output voltage. The PSIM program is used to run the simulation, and a hardware lab scale setup is used to experimentally validate it. The desired output voltage is 200V, which will be generated by a modest 48V DC system. Additionally, the effectiveness of the overshoot study converter and the regular boost converter is compared in this study.